公开(公告)号：US07545910B2

公开(公告)日：2009-06-09

申请号：US10547588

申请日：2004-03-02

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding ,  Jens-Peter Schlomka ,  Gerhard Martens

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding ,  Jens-Peter Schlomka ,  Gerhard Martens

IPC: G01N23/223

CPC classification number: A61B6/485 ,  A61B6/00 ,  A61B6/4092 ,  G01N23/223 ,  G01N2223/076

Abstract: The invention describes a method of generating metabolic images of an investigation region (3) of a body (1) by irradiating an X-ray fluorescence marker in that region and detecting the resulting X-ray fluorescence with a fluorescence detector (30). A fan beam (12) is used as a source of primary X-radiation, thus allowing the scanning of a whole body slice (3) in one step. The fluorescence image may be directly measured, e.g. by mapping voxels (104) of the investigation region onto pixels (134) of the detector (130) with the help of a pinhole collimator (132), or it may be reconstructed by procedures of computed tomography. Moreover, a morphological image may be generated by simultaneously recording X-ray transmission through the body (1).

Abstract translation: 本发明描述了通过在该区域中照射X射线荧光标记物并用荧光检测器（30）检测所得到的X射线荧光来产生身体（1）的调查区域（3）的代谢图像的方法。 扇形光束（12）被用作初级X辐射源，从而允许在一个步骤中扫描全身切片（3）。 可以直接测量荧光图像，例如。 通过借助于针孔准直器（132）将调查区域的体素（104）映射到检测器（130）的像素（134）上，或者可以通过计算机断层摄影的程序来重构。 此外，可以通过同时记录穿过身体（1）的X射线透射来产生形态学图像。

公开(公告)号：US07486760B2

公开(公告)日：2009-02-03

申请号：US11504263

申请日：2006-08-15

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: G01N23/20

CPC classification number: G01N23/20

Abstract: An imaging system for generating a diffraction profile is described. The imaging system includes a gantry including an x-ray imaging system configured to generate an x-ray image of a substance and a scatter system configured to generate a diffraction profile of the substance.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于产生衍射轮廓的成像系统。 所述成像系统包括具有构造成产生物质的X射线图像的x射线成像系统的机架和配置成产生所述物质的衍射轮廓的散射系统。

公开(公告)号：US07477725B2

公开(公告)日：2009-01-13

申请号：US10578455

申请日：2004-11-02

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: G01N23/04

CPC classification number: G01V5/0016 ,  G01V5/0025

Abstract: An examination apparatus, such as for inspection of baggage or any object of interest, has a source of radiation which is moved during scanning of the object of interest. A scattered radiation are detected which is scattered by the object of interest under a particular predetermined scatter angle, without moving the detector array. By detecting the scatter radiation scattered under the predetermined scatter angle, the vertical coordinate of the location of the scatter center in the object of interest and its composition may be derived.

Abstract translation: 诸如用于检查行李或任何感兴趣物体的检查装置具有在扫描感兴趣对象期间移动的辐射源。 检测到散射的辐射，其在特定预定的散射角下被感兴趣的物体散射，而不移动检测器阵列。 通过检测在预定散射角下散射的散射辐射，可以推导出感兴趣对象中的散射中心的位置的垂直坐标及其组成。

公开(公告)号：US07436931B2

公开(公告)日：2008-10-14

申请号：US10538525

申请日：2003-12-03

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: H01J35/12 ,  H01J35/08

CPC classification number: H01J35/14 ,  H01J35/08 ,  H01J35/12 ,  H01J2235/082 ,  H01J2235/086 ,  H01J2235/1262

Abstract: The present invention relates to an X-ray source comprising an electron source (1) for the emission of electrons (E), a target (4) for the emission of characteristic, substantially monochromatic X-rays (C) in response to the incidence of the electrons (E) and an outcoupling means (11) for outcoupling of the X-rays. To achieve characteristic, substantially monochromatic X-rays with a high power loadability electrons are incident on a metal foil (5) of a thickness of less than 10 μm and a base arrangement (7, 12) is arranged wherein the metal of said metal foil (5) has a high atomic number allowing the generation of X-rays (C) and the material substantially included in the base arrangement (7, 12) has a low atomic number not allowing the generation of X-rays (C). The outcoupling means are adapted for outcoupling only X-rays (C) on the side of the metal foil (5) on which the electrons (E) are incident and which is opposite to the side of the base arrangement (7, 12) since on this side almost no bremsstrahlung radiation is generated.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种X射线源，其包括用于发射电子的电子源（1）（E），用于响应于所述入射发射特征性的基本单色X射线（C）的靶（4） 的电子（E）和用于X射线外耦合的输出耦合装置（11）。 为了实现具有高功率负载能力的特征性的基本单色X射线，电子入射到厚度小于10um的金属箔（5）上，并且布置了基底布置（7,12），其中所述金属箔的金属 （5）具有允许产生X射线（C）的高原子数，并且基本排列（7,12）中基本上包括的材料具有不允许产生X射线（C）的低原子数。 输出耦合装置仅适用于仅在电子（E）入射的金属箔（5）侧并且与基座装置（7,12）的相对侧的X射线（C）外耦合，因为 在这一侧几乎没有产生bre致辐射。

公开(公告)号：US20080226025A1

公开(公告)日：2008-09-18

申请号：US10598003

申请日：2005-02-11

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding ,  Gerhard Martens ,  Hans Barschdorf ,  Bernd Schweizer

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding ,  Gerhard Martens ,  Hans Barschdorf ,  Bernd Schweizer

IPC: G01N23/223

CPC classification number: G01N23/223 ,  G01N2223/076 ,  G01N2223/0766

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for determining the distribution of an X-ray fluorescence (XRF) marker (16) in a body volume (14). The body volume (14) is irradiated with a beam of rays (12) from an X-ray source (10) with a first ray component with a quantum energy just above and a second ray component with a quantum energy just below the K-edge of the XRF marker (16). Secondary radiation emitted from the body volume (14) is detected in a location-resolved way by a detector (30). To separate the X-ray fluorescence components in the secondary radiation from background radiation, the body volume is irradiated for a second time with a beam of rays from which the first ray component has been substantially removed by a filter (22) made from the material of the XRF marker.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于确定身体体积（14）中的X射线荧光（XRF）标记物（16）的分布的方法和装置。 用来自X射线源（10）的射线束（12）照射具有刚好在上面的量子能的第一射线分量的体积（14），并且具有刚好低于K值的量子能量的第二射线分量， 边缘的XRF标记（16）。 通过检测器（30）以位置分辨的方式检测从体积（14）发射的次级辐射。 为了将二次辐射中的X射线荧光成分从背景辐射中分离出来，用第一射线成分基本上被该材料制成的过滤器（22）除去的射线束照射体积第二次 的XRF标记。

公开(公告)号：US20080080670A1

公开(公告)日：2008-04-03

申请号：US11541716

申请日：2006-09-29

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: G01N23/06

CPC classification number: G01V5/0016 ,  G01V5/0025

Abstract: A method for classifying an unknown substance is provided, The method includes classifying the unknown substance based on simultaneously processing a plurality of parameters determined from a plurality of signals that are measured by at least one detector. The at least one detector is located within a gantry of an imaging system.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于分类未知物质的方法。该方法包括基于同时处理由至少一个检测器测量的多个信号确定的多个参数来对未知物质进行分类。 至少一个检测器位于成像系统的台架内。

公开(公告)号：US20080031540A1

公开(公告)日：2008-02-07

申请号：US11498114

申请日：2006-08-02

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: G06K9/40

CPC classification number: G06T11/008 ,  G06T2207/10112 ,  G06T2207/30112

Abstract: A method for reducing an artifact within an image of a substance is described. The method includes generating the image of the substance, and constraining a measured linear attenuation coefficient of a pixel of the image based on at least one of a measured diffraction profile, a measured effective atomic number, and a measured packing fraction of the substance.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于减少物质图像内的伪像的方法。 该方法包括产生物质的图像，并且基于测量的衍射图，测量的有效原子序数和物质的测量的填充分数中的至少一个来约束图像的像素的测量的线性衰减系数。

公开(公告)号：US20070177715A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-02

申请号：US10599074

申请日：2005-03-21

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: H01J35/18

CPC classification number: H01J35/18 ,  H01J5/18 ,  H01J2235/082 ,  H01J2235/1279

Abstract: The invention relates to an electron window 1 for a liquid-metal anode 2 in the form of a membrane 4. It is provided according to the invention that the electron window 1 has ridges 10 and depressions 11. In addition, the invention relates to a liquid-metal anode 2 into which such an electron window 1 according to the invention is inserted. The invention further relates to an X-radiator which has a liquid-metal anode 2 according to the invention. The invention also relates to a method for operating a liquid-metal anode 2 in which, during the production of X-radiation, stronger turbulence 5 is produced in the flow of the liquid metal below the electron window 1 at the ridges 10.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于膜4形式的液金属阳极2的电子窗1。 根据本发明，电子窗1具有脊10和凹陷11。 此外，本发明涉及一种液金属阳极2，其中插入有根据本发明的电子窗1。 本发明还涉及一种具有根据本发明的液态金属阳极2的X辐射体。 本发明还涉及一种用于操作液态金属阳极2的方法，其中在X辐射的生产期间，在脊10处的电子窗1下方的液态金属流中产生更强的湍流5。

公开(公告)号：US20070133741A1

公开(公告)日：2007-06-14

申请号：US10578455

申请日：2004-11-02

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: G01N23/04

CPC classification number: G01V5/0016 ,  G01V5/0025

Abstract: Examination apparatus for baggage inspection are usually bulky and comprise mechanical components requiring precision movements. According to the present invention, examination of an object of interest is provided by moving a source of radiation (1) during scanning of the object of interest (11) and detecting a transmitted beam of radiation (4) and a scattered radiation (3), which is scattered by the object of interest (11) under a particular predetermined scatter angle, without moving the detector array (5,6). Advantageously, by detecting the scatter radiation scattered under the predetermined scatter angle, the vertical coordinate of the location of the scatter center in the object of interest and it's composition may easily be derived.

Abstract translation: 用于行李检查的检查装置通常体积庞大并且包括需要精确移动的机械部件。 根据本发明，通过在感兴趣对象（11）的扫描期间移动辐射源（1）并检测透射的辐射束（4）和散射辐射（3）来提供感兴趣的物体的检查， ，其在特定的预定散射角下被感兴趣的物体（11）分散，而不移动检测器阵列（5,6）。 有利地，通过检测在预定散射角度下散射的散射辐射，可以容易地导出在感兴趣对象中的散射中心的位置的垂直坐标及其组成。

公开(公告)号：US20050105685A1

公开(公告)日：2005-05-19

申请号：US10504115

申请日：2003-02-26

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: G01N23/20 ,  G01N23/201

CPC classification number: G01N23/20091

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for measuring the pulse transmission spectrum of X-ray quanta that are elastically scattered in an examination zone for containers according to the preamble of claim 1. Corresponding systems that are based on the principle of examination with coherent scattered radiation are known from the prior art and from our previous application EP 11 06 227. These systems are problematic in that the electronic system required for controlling the X-ray capacity of the different focal points is too complicated and the measuring time is relatively long as only one focus is active at a time. This results in a low detection efficiency as the voxel geometry allows for non-scanned areas so that objects looked for in the container can be overlooked. The invention is based on the surprising finding that these problems can be overcome when the detector arrangement (D) has a two-dimensional segmenting in the Y, Z plane and lies before the Z axis and that the X-ray emitter (Q) is disposed with an elongated anode that emits radiation across its surface either completely or partially at the same time. The secondary antiscatter grid (S) runs in the Y direction converging to O and in the Z direction about the angle θ to the X axis in such a manner that Y and X of the scattered voxel in the container are coded onto the Y and Z dimensions of the detector arrangement (D) and that the primary antiscatter grid (P) and the X-ray emitter (Q) run in a cylindrically symmetrical orientation about the Z axis or in a linear/parallel orientation to the Y axis in the X,Y plane.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种根据权利要求1的前序部分，用于测量在容器检查区中弹性散射的X射线量子的脉冲透射光谱的系统。基于相干散射辐射检查原理的相应系统是 这些系统的问题在于，用于控制不同焦点的X射线容量所需的电子系统太复杂，测量时间相对较长，只有一个 焦点一次活跃。 这导致低检测效率，因为体素几何形状允许非扫描区域，使得在容器中寻找的对象可以被忽略。 本发明基于令人惊奇的发现，当检测器装置（D）在Y，Z平面上具有二维分割并且位于Z轴之前时，可以克服这些问题，并且X射线发射器（Q）是 设置有一个细长的阳极，可同时在其表面上完全或部分地发射辐射。 二次反散射网格（S）沿Y方向延伸，以与Y轴方向成角度θ向Z方向收敛，使得容器中的散射体素的Y和X被编码到Y和Z上 检测器装置（D）的尺寸以及主要反散射栅格（P）和X射线发射器（Q）围绕Z轴以圆柱对称的方向运行，或者在X轴上以Y轴的线性/平行取向运行 ，Y平面。