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公开(公告)号：US4963784A
公开(公告)日：1990-10-16
申请号：US353774
申请日：1989-05-18
申请人： Werner Niessner
发明人： Werner Niessner
CPC分类号： H01T13/467 , H01T13/32 , H01T13/52
摘要： A spark plug with combined surface discharge and air discharge gaps, wherein a central electrode (3), an insulator (2) surrounding the central electrode, and a ground electrode (4) surrounding the insulator (2) together with a spark plug body (1) are provided. The insulator (2) forms at its end portion a discharge chamber (5) through which the central electrode (3) extends axially as far as the end portion of the spark plug body (1). The earth electrode surrounds the insulator (2) around its end with a projection extending into the discharge chamber (5).
摘要翻译： 一种具有组合的表面放电和空气排放间隙的火花塞，其中中心电极（3），围绕中心电极的绝缘体（2）和围绕绝缘体（2）的接地电极（4）与火花塞主体 1）。 绝缘体（2）在其端部处形成放电室（5），中心电极（3）通过该放电室轴向延伸至火花塞主体（1）的端部。 接地电极围绕其端部围绕绝缘体（2），其中突起延伸到放电室（5）中。
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公开(公告)号：US4926088A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-15
申请号：US278992
申请日：1988-12-02
申请人： Chandra M. Kler
发明人： Chandra M. Kler
CPC分类号： H01T13/52
摘要： An electrical igniter has an outer shell with a tungsten forward end which forms an annular outer electrode. A central rod extends axially within the shell and has a tungsten forward end forming an inner electrode which is separated from the outer electrode by a semiconductive surface discharge path. The inner and outer electrodes both have chromium diffused into the tungsten to form surface layers that are oxidation resistant at high temperatures. The electrodes are made by placing the tungsten forward ends in a furnace in a chromium rich atmosphere between 1000 and 1200 degrees Centrigrade for between 10 to 24 hours and allowing them to cool in the furnace. Chromium is removed from the rear ends of the tungsten parts before joining them to the rear parts of the electrodes which are of different metals.
摘要翻译： 电点火器具有外壳，其具有形成环形外电极的钨前端。 中心杆在壳体内轴向延伸，并且具有形成通过半导体表面排出路径与外部电极分离的内部电极的钨前端。 内电极和外电极均具有扩散到钨中的铬，以形成在高温下具有抗氧化性的表面层。 电极是通过将钨前端放置在炉中在富铬气氛中在1000至1200摄氏度之间放置10至24小时并使其在炉中冷却而制成的。 在将钨组分连接到不同金属的电极的后部之前，从钨部件的后端除去铬。
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公开(公告)号：US4795937A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-03
申请号：US939863
申请日：1986-12-09
申请人： Eberhard P. Wagner , Rudolf Maly , Otto Loffler , Werner Niessner
发明人： Eberhard P. Wagner , Rudolf Maly , Otto Loffler , Werner Niessner
摘要： In a spark plug with combined surface and air spark paths comprising a center electrode, and insulator which surrounds the center electrode and which, at least in the end region of the center electrode, maintains a gap with respect thereto, and a ground electrode which, together with the spark plug body, surrounds the insulator and which at least in the end region of the insulator maintains a gap with respect thereto, the insulator, to form a discharge chamber surrounding the end portion of the center electrode, extends in the axial direction of the plug beyond the center electrode, and the ground electrode encompasses the insulator around the end thereof with an extension of the ground electrode extending into the discharge chamber with a clearance gap being maintained between the extension and the end portion of the insulator.
摘要翻译： 在具有包括中心电极的组合的表面和空气火花通路的火花塞和围绕中心电极并且至少在中心电极的端部区域中保持间隙的绝缘体以及接地电极， 与火花塞体一起围绕绝缘体，并且至少绝缘体的端部区域相对于绝缘体保持间隙，形成围绕中心电极的端部的放电室，沿着轴向延伸 插头超过中心电极，并且接地电极围绕其端部包围绝缘体，接地电极的延伸部延伸到放电室中，间隙保持在绝缘体的延伸部分和端部之间。
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94.发明授权Apparatus and method for starting a diesel engine using plasma ignition plugs 失效使用等离子火花塞启动柴油发动机的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US4487177A
公开(公告)日：1984-12-11
申请号：US461125
申请日：1983-01-26
申请人： Yasuki Ishikawa
发明人： Yasuki Ishikawa
IPC分类号： F02P15/00 , F02B3/06 , F02B11/00 , F02B19/08 , F02P13/00 , F02P15/12 , H01T13/00 , H01T13/38 , H01T13/46 , H01T13/52 , F02B9/08 , F02P1/00 , F02P23/00
CPC分类号： F02P15/12 , H01T13/467 , F02B3/06
摘要： A diesel engine is started by plural ignition plugs, each installed in a swirl chamber of a corresponding cylinder. Each ignition plug includes (a) an elongated center electrode, (b) a fuel-absorbent electrical insulator that encapsulates the center electrode so as to allow only one end of the center electrode to protrude, and (c) a plurality of elongated grounding electrodes arranged symmetrically around said insulating member to define a discharge path in conjunction with the protruding end of the center electrode. The discharge path includes part of the surface of the insulating member and an air gap between free ends of the grounding electrodes and opposing surfaces of the insulating member.
摘要翻译： 柴油发动机由多个点火塞启动，每个点火塞安装在相应气缸的涡流室中。 每个火花塞包括（a）细长的中心电极，（b）封装中心电极以便只允许中心电极的一端突出的燃料吸收电绝缘体，以及（c）多个细长的接地电极 围绕所述绝缘构件对称布置以限定与中心电极的突出端一起的放电路径。 排出路径包括绝缘构件的表面的一部分和接地电极的自由端与绝缘构件的相对表面之间的气隙。
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公开(公告)号：US4142121A
公开(公告)日：1979-02-27
申请号：US855108
申请日：1977-11-25
IPC分类号： H01T13/52
CPC分类号： H01T13/52
摘要： A surface-discharge igniter for a gas-turbine engine has a pellet of rod shape a part at least of the pellet surface being semiconductive so that when voltage is applied between electrodes connected at either end of the pellet it causes electrical discharge along its length. The pellet may, in one arrangement, be mounted to be a tight fit within the central-section of a key-hole bore which extends axially through a ceramic block within the igniter's outer metal shell. A strip of the pellet surface is exposed along the radially-divergent section or discharge cavity of the bore and discharge along the strip generates a plasma flame within the cavity that bursts forth through an aperture in the bottom electrode at the tip of the shell. In another arrangement the rod-pellet is mounted at the end of a mineral-insulated cable, coaxially within a cylindrical cavity. The pellet may alternatively be mounted to extend transversely of the igniter and to be exposed along its length at the operative tip of the igniter. Discharge may occur over the whole of the pellet surface, but the active semiconductive surface may be limited to a longitudinal or helical strip.
摘要翻译： 用于燃气涡轮发动机的表面放电点火器具有棒状颗粒，其至少一部分是颗粒表面是半导体的，使得当在连接在颗粒的任一端的电极之间施加电压时，其沿其长度引起放电。 在一种布置中，颗粒可以安装成紧密配合在键孔的中心部分内，该孔孔轴向延伸穿过点火器的外部金属壳体内的陶瓷块。 颗粒表面的条带沿着孔的径向扩散部分或排出腔暴露，并且沿着条带的排放产生腔内的等离子体火焰，其通过壳体末端处的底部电极中的孔突出。 在另一种布置中，棒状颗粒安装在矿物绝缘电缆的端部，同轴地安装在圆柱形腔内。 可替代地，颗粒可以安装成沿点火器的横向延伸并且沿其长度暴露在点火器的操作尖端处。 放电可以在整个颗粒表面上发生，但是活性半导体表面可以限于纵向或螺旋条。
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公开(公告)号：US3581141A
公开(公告)日：1971-05-25
申请号：US81394769
申请日：1969-04-07
申请人： ETHYL CORP
发明人： BEAUBIER RICHARD C
CPC分类号： H01T13/52
摘要： A surface gap spark plug having improved resistance to fouling is described. A method of operating an internal combustion engine and other devices, which utilize a fuel containing an organometallic additive is also disclosed.
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公开(公告)号：US3558959A
公开(公告)日：1971-01-26
申请号：US3558959D
申请日：1968-04-24
申请人： CARBORUNDUM CO
发明人： ZIEMENDORF EDWIN F
IPC分类号： C04B35/575 , H01B1/18 , H01T13/52 , H01J19/78 , H01T13/02
CPC分类号： H01B1/18 , C04B35/575 , H01T13/52
摘要： Igniter for jet and other internal combustion engines with a hot pressed, ceramic, electrically semiconducting button disposed between a center electrode and a ground electrode to provide a path along which spark discharge occurs. The button consists essentially of particles of silicon carbide bonded together by a ceramic matrix which can be alumina, mullite, forsterite, a glass frit spinel (MgO.A1203), a mixture of magnesium oxide and cobalt oxide, zirconium silicate, silica or the like. An igniter according to the invention is peculiarly adapted for service under severe conditions in an engine having a relatively low voltage (e.g., 3,000 volts All voltages reported herein are in volts DC unless otherwise indicated. or less), high-energy (e.g. 1 to 20 joules) ignition system.
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公开(公告)号：US3442693A
公开(公告)日：1969-05-06
申请号：US3442693D
申请日：1966-04-15
发明人： REA ROBERT F
CPC分类号： C04B33/1305 , C04B33/13 , C04B41/009 , C04B41/5105 , C04B41/88 , H01T21/02 , Y10T428/26 , C04B41/52 , C04B35/00
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公开(公告)号：US3344304A
公开(公告)日：1967-09-26
申请号：US46633465
申请日：1965-06-23
申请人： GEN MOTORS CORP
发明人： RADEMACHER GUSTAV F
IPC分类号： H01T13/52
CPC分类号： H01T13/52
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