Contact temperature probe and process
    102.
    发明授权
    Contact temperature probe and process 失效
    接触式温度探头和过程

    公开(公告)号:US06796711B2

    公开(公告)日:2004-09-28

    申请号:US10113554

    申请日:2002-03-29

    CPC classification number: G01K1/143

    Abstract: A contact measurement probe for measuring a temperature of a substrate in a process environment includes a probe head having a contact surface made of a ceramic material or a polymeric material for contacting the substrate. The contact measurement probe eliminates electrical biasing effects in process environments that include an ion source, thereby providing greater accuracy and reproducibility in temperature measurement.

    Abstract translation: 用于在工艺环境中测量衬底的温度的接触式测量探头包括具有由陶瓷材料制成的接触表面的探头或用于接触衬底的聚合材料。 接触式测量探头消除了包括离子源在内的工艺环境中的电气偏置效应,从而在温度测量中提供更高的精度和重复性。

    Managing the size and accessibility of a name service
    103.
    发明授权
    Managing the size and accessibility of a name service 有权
    管理名称服务的大小和可访问性

    公开(公告)号:US06594702B1

    公开(公告)日:2003-07-15

    申请号:US09258037

    申请日:1999-02-25

    CPC classification number: H04L29/12047 G06Q20/3829 H04L29/12009 H04L61/15

    Abstract: Provided herein is a name service that includes published data that is associated with one or more duration entities and one or more modification entities, enabling the name service to more efficiently manage access to published data. To publish data, a publishing client transmits a publication request to a name service. The publication request may specify a modification entity and a duration entity. The name service creates at least one name entry that associates the published data with the modification entity and the duration entity. There are several requests to modify or depublish published data that a name service will honor only when they originate from a modification entity. These are (1) requests to modify published data, and (2) requests to depublish published data. A name service depublishes published data based on the termination of the duration entity that is associated with the published data, when, for example, a garbage collector detects that the duration of an entity has ended. Name service recovery is performed on a system failure. The remaining name service daemons delete each name entry that is non-local and non-persistant, and transmit requests to replicate local name entries to the other surviving name service daemons. A name service persistently stores name entries as specified. When restarted, the name service may continue to provide the persistently stored name entries. Persistent name entries are not depublished during name service recovery. They are explicitly modified or depublished by a modification entity.

    Abstract translation: 这里提供的名称服务包括与一个或多个持续时间实体和一个或多个修改实体相关联的已发布数据,使得名称服务能够更有效地管理对已发布数据的访问。 要发布数据,发布客户端将发布请求发送到名称服务。 发布请求可以指定修改实体和持续时间实体。 名称服务创建至少一个将发布的数据与修改实体和持续时间实体相关联的名称条目。 有几个请求修改或取消发布只有当它们来自修改实体时,名称服务才能履行的已发布数据。 这些是(1)修改发布数据的请求,(2)发布已发布数据的请求。 名称服务基于与发布的数据相关联的持续时间实体的终止,公开发布的数据,例如,当垃圾收集器检测到实体的持续时间已经结束时。 名称服务恢复在系统故障时执行。 剩余的名称服务守护进程删除非本地和非持久性的每个名称条目,并传送请求以将本地名称条目复制到其他幸存的名称服务守护程序。 名称服务持久存储指定的名称条目。 重新启动时,名称服务可能会继续提供持久存储的名称条目。 持久名称条目在名称服务恢复期间不会被发布。 它们被修改实体显式修改或删除。

    System and method for reducing effects of optical impairments in optically amplified lightwave communication systems
    104.
    发明授权
    System and method for reducing effects of optical impairments in optically amplified lightwave communication systems 有权
    用于减少光放大光波通信系统中的光损伤的影响的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号:US06501870B1

    公开(公告)日:2002-12-31

    申请号:US09518301

    申请日:2000-03-03

    CPC classification number: H04B10/2935 H04B10/2537

    Abstract: The effects of optical impairments on optical signal transmission are substantially reduced in a lightwave transmission system by positioning optical amplifiers and network elements in respective upstream-downstream combinations. By placing an optical amplifier at a position upstream from its corresponding network element, sufficient amplification can be provided by the optical amplifier to compensate for losses introduced by its corresponding network element. Advantageously, the corresponding downstream network element provides sufficient attenuation of the forward travelling lightwave signals so that power-dependent nonlinear effects in the optical fiber do not significantly distort the lightwave signals. Moreover, because of the downstream location of the network element in relation to its corresponding network element, the network element substantially suppresses backward travelling optical signal components such as those caused by Rayleigh backscattering, Stimulated Brillioun Scattering (SBS), and the like. As such, the network element prevents unwanted back reflections and back scattered signals from affecting operation of its corresponding optical amplifier.

    Abstract translation: 通过将光放大器和网络元件定位在相应的上游 - 下游组合中,光学损伤对光信号传输的影响在光波传输系统中显着降低。 通过将光放大器放置在其相应网元上游的位置处,光放大器可以提供足够的放大以补偿由其对应的网元引入的损耗。 有利地,相应的下游网络元件提供前向行进的光波信号的足够衰减,使得光纤中的功率相关非线性效应不会使光波信号显着失真。 此外,由于网元相对于其对应的网元的下游位置,网元基本上抑制了由瑞利后向散射,刺激亮度散射(SBS)等引起的反向行进光信号分量。 因此,网络元件防止不必要的反射反射和反向散射的信号影响其对应的光放大器的操作。

    Methods of modeling erbium doped fiber amplifiers
    105.
    发明授权
    Methods of modeling erbium doped fiber amplifiers 失效
    掺铒光纤放大器的建模方法

    公开(公告)号:US06381560B1

    公开(公告)日:2002-04-30

    申请号:US09457966

    申请日:1999-12-09

    CPC classification number: H01S3/06754 H01S3/1608

    Abstract: A method of modeling erbium doped fiber (“EDF”) for use in erbium doped fiber amplifiers (“EDFA”). The EDF has a length and a fractional population density of erbium ions in an excited state. Since the EDF supports N channels, the power propagation along the EDF is characterized by N+1 differential equations as a function of the direction of propagation, z, of the channels along the length l of the EDF and the time t. By applying an average inversion model to a spatially averaged inversion level of the erbium ions in the fiber, the N+1 partial differential equations are reduced to a single ordinary differential equation. This allows an analytical solution at the boundary and initial conditions of the fiber so that an expression for the power of the signal propagating along the fiber can be obtained. With this expression, the single equation can be solved analytically for the inversion level at any point along the EDF.

    Abstract translation: 对掺铒光纤放大器(“EDFA”)中使用的掺铒光纤(“EDF”)进行建模的方法。 EDF具有处于激发态的铒离子的长度和分数种群密度。 由于EDF支持N个信道,沿着EDF的功率传播的特征在于沿着EDF的长度l和时间t的信道的传播方向z的函数的N + 1个微分方程。 通过将平均反演模型应用于光纤中铒离子的空间平均反演水平,将N + 1偏微分方程简化为单个常微分方程。 这允许在光纤的边界和初始条件下的解析解,使得可以获得沿着光纤传播的信号的功率的表达式。 通过这个表达式,可以在沿着EDF的任何点分析求解单个方程的反演水平。

    Tissue culture process for producing a large number of viable cotton plants in vitro
    106.
    发明授权
    Tissue culture process for producing a large number of viable cotton plants in vitro 失效
    用于在体外生产大量活的棉花植物的组织培养方法

    公开(公告)号:US06242257B1

    公开(公告)日:2001-06-05

    申请号:US08862004

    申请日:1997-05-22

    CPC classification number: C12N15/8201 A01H4/005 A01H4/008 C12N5/04

    Abstract: The present invention relates to a tissue culture process for producing a large number of viable cotton plants in vitro from a specified tissue of cotton plant. The invention provides genotype independent, direct, multiple shoot proliferation and opens up new possibilities for micropropagation, selection of mutants and for producing genetically improved cotton plants by modern methods of agrobiotechnology and genetic engineering. The protocol provides an important step in the success of cotton improvement programmed, utilizing tissue culture technology.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及从棉花植物的指定组织体外生产大量活的棉花植物的组织培养方法。 本发明提供基因型独立,直接,多枝增生,并通过现代农业生物技术和遗传工程方法开辟了微繁殖,突变体选择和生产遗传改良棉花植物的新可能。 该方案为使用组织培养技术编程的棉花改良成功提供了重要的一步。

    Two-wavelength WDM Analog CATV transmission with low crosstalk
    107.
    发明授权
    Two-wavelength WDM Analog CATV transmission with low crosstalk 失效
    双波长WDM具有低串扰的模拟CATV传输

    公开(公告)号:US6151145A

    公开(公告)日:2000-11-21

    申请号:US10617

    申请日:1998-01-22

    CPC classification number: H04B10/2507 G07F17/3262

    Abstract: A two-wavelength WDM analog CATV transmission system which utilizes wavelength channel spacing of about 2.2 nm and laser-dithering. The system includes a pair of optical transmitters (DBF lasers), a pair of modulators, a dithering device, a polarization controller, a 3-dB combiner, an optical amplifier (EDFA), an attenuator, a length of optical fiber, a filter and a CATV receiver. The two lasers have wavelengths of .lambda.1 and .lambda.2, where the difference between .lambda.1 and .lambda.2 is approximately 2.2 nm. The modulators are driven with analog signals comprising 77 NTSC channels between 55.25 and 535.25 MHz A 2-GHz dithering tone is applied to the .lambda.1 laser and the output of the .lambda.2 laser is passed through the polarization controller to align the polarization of the two transmitters. The two modulated and aligned outputs are combined by the 3-dB combiner and launched into the EDFA The output of the EDFA is divided by the splitter four ways and one of the four outputs is passed through the attenuator and launched into the transmitting end of the optical fiber. The receiving end of the fiber is connected to a filter, which provides input into the CATV receiver. By utilizing a wavelength channel spacing of about 2.2 nm and dithering one of the lasers, worst-channel Composite Triple Beat distortion is reduced to -60 dBc, an acceptable level for deployment of WDM analog CATV systems.

    Abstract translation: 双波长WDM模拟CATV传输系统,其使用约2.2nm的波长信道间隔和激光抖动。 该系统包括一对光发射器(DBF激光器),一对调制器,抖动装置,偏振控制器,3-dB组合器,光放大器(EDFA),衰减器,一段光纤,滤波器 和CATV接收机。 两个激光器具有λ1和λ2的波长,其中λ1和λ2之间的差值约为2.2nm。 调制器由包括55.25和535.25MHz之间的77个NTSC通道的模拟信号驱动。将2GHz抖动色调施加到λ1激光器,并且λ2激光器的输出通过偏振控制器以对准两者的极化 发射机。 两个调制和对准的输出由3 dB组合器组合并发射到EDFA中EDFA的输出由分离器四路分配,四路输出之一通过衰减器并发射到发射端 光纤。 光纤的接收端连接到滤波器,该滤波器向CATV接收机提供输入。 通过利用大约2.2nm的波长信道间隔和抖动激光之一,最差信道复合三重节拍失真降低到-60dBc,这是用于部署WDM模拟CATV系统的可接受的水平。

    DIE INTERCONNECT SIGNAL MANAGEMENT DEVICES AND METHODS

    公开(公告)号:US20180364774A1

    公开(公告)日:2018-12-20

    申请号:US15622775

    申请日:2017-06-14

    CPC classification number: G06F1/26 G06F1/06 H04B3/542 H04B3/544

    Abstract: A microelectronic assembly may include a first microelectronic device, a second microelectronic device, a first signal link, a second signal link, and a first power connection. The first microelectronic device may include a first interface powered at a first voltage. The second microelectronic device may include a second interface powered at a second voltage. The first signal link may supply a first signal at the first voltage from the first interface to the second interface. The second signal link may supply a second signal at the second voltage from the second interface to the first interface. The first power connection may supply a first reference signal at the first voltage from the first interface to the second interface.

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