Abstract:
A binary image downsampling method, including the steps of generating a gray-scale image from a binary image having a background and one or more foreground portions, locating skeleton pixels in the one or more foreground portions, manipulating values of certain foreground pixels in the gray-scale image such that the differences between the values of the skeleton pixels and the background pixels become more significant, downsampling the gray-scale image with the manipulated values of the certain foreground pixels, and generating a downsampled binary image from the downsampled gray-scale image.
Abstract:
A device and method for detecting and assessing the quantity of a biological, biochemical, or chemical analyte in a test sample using a simple light source and the naked eye are disclosed. In one embodiment, the device comprises a nanohole sensor chip with two sections, the first of which is a test section, upon which capture agents for a particular analyte are immobilized, and the second of which is a reference section, upon which capture agents conjugated with known quantities of the analyte are immobilized. In another embodiment of the invention, a nanohole sensor chip with a test section and a plurality of reference sections is disclosed. The sensor utilizes light intensity changes exhibited by Fano resonances in the nanoholes for detection of analytes, and allows comparison between the light intensity changes between the reference sections and the test sections for assessing the quantity of the analyte in the sample.
Abstract:
A photovoltaic device and a method of making a photovoltaic device that includes a stack of layers, including a substrate and an electrode layer. The photovoltaic device includes a semiconductor light absorption layer that is formed on the stack by a coating liquid that includes a plurality of semiconducting particles. The coating liquid may also include a solvent and a plurality of additive molecules. The photovoltaic device also includes a transparent conducting layer disposed on the semiconductor light absorption layer and a grid electrode disposed on the transparent conducting layer.
Abstract:
Methods for determining an optimal memory allocation unit size for a framebuffer in a single memory pool comprising frame buffer memory and display list memory on printing devices are presented. In some embodiments, a method for determining an optimal allocation unit size for memory allocation units allocated from a memory pool in response to a memory allocation request for a pixmap comprises determining the amount of unutilized memory when the pixmap is stored using a plurality of memory allocation unit sizes, wherein the memory allocation unit sizes are an integral multiple of a base memory allocation unit; and selecting a memory allocation unit size from the plurality of memory allocation unit sizes based on criteria related to the amount of unutilized memory.
Abstract:
A method for automating the management and interpretation of digital documents and their rights metadata to generate user access of a document protected by digital rights management (DRM), comprising the steps of a server obtaining a digital document and its associated rights metadata, the server interpreting the metadata to ascertain DRM useful information including identifications (IDs) of the document and its users and associated digital rights, and the server generating entries for a DRM database including policies associated with the document ID and users IDs based on the ascertained DRM useful information to enable DRM protection to the document.
Abstract:
A method for managing user access of a document protected by digital rights management (DRM), includes the steps of a server checking whether a user who is attempting to access a DRM-protected document has necessary rights to access the document, the server denying the user's access to the document if the user does not have the necessary rights to access the document, the server providing, if the user does not have the necessary rights to access the document, the user with an instant and pre-prepared prompt containing a unique identification (ID) of the document to direct and assist the user to complete required tasks for acquiring rights to the document, and upon completion of the required tasks by the user, the server granting the necessary rights to the user to access the document.
Abstract:
A method for managing users' digital rights to documents protected by digital rights management (DRM), comprising the steps of a rights management system (RMS) server receiving a request from a user for accessing a DRM-protected document, and the RMS server executing a user centric adaptor (UCA) module to check in a UCA database under the user's identification (ID) whether one of a limited number of predetermined policies of digital rights is added to the user's ID, whereas if the user's rights to the document is not revoked by deletion of a predetermined policy under the user's ID in the UCA database, then the UCA module does not block granting the user's request.
Abstract:
A method for managing digital files, including the steps of generating a main hash for a new file, searching for a matching main hash of any existing file in storage, if a matching main hash is found, then stop from further processing the new file, but if no match is found, then generating a sub-hash for a sub-part of the new file, and searching for a matching sub-hash of any existing file in storage; if no match of the sub-hash is found, then processing the entire new file and saving the processed new file in the storage, if a matching sub-hash for a sub-part of an existing file is found, then processing only the remaining part of the new file that is not the sub-part for which the sub-hash is generated, and retrieving the matching sub-part of the existing file; and saving the processed remaining part of the new file and the retrieved sub-part of the existing file in storage as a combined digital file. An alternative process uses component and composite hashes generated for the component parts of digital files for detecting duplicates.
Abstract:
A method of processing a binary document image to remove non-text elements including long straight lines. The method uses a least squares method to fit the pixels of an image component to a line, and then use the coefficient of determination as a measure of linearity of the image component. For each image component, the line fitting and the coefficient of determination are performed twice, once on the original pixel coordinates and once after the image component is rotated 45 degrees. The higher one of the two calculated coefficients of determination is used to determine whether the image component is a straight line. If it is, and if the line is longer than a certain length, it is removed from the document image as a non-text element.
Abstract:
A system adjusts an original image for printing on a location on a medium that will be bossed after printing the adjusted image on the medium. The system comprises an interface for receiving information concerning a bossment to be implemented on the medium after printing the adjusted image on the medium; and an adjustor that makes an adjustment to the received image based on the information received by the interface. A method for operating the system is also disclosed.