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    Production of cycloaliphatic nitrates
    121.
    发明授权
    Production of cycloaliphatic nitrates 失效
    生产环脂肪硝酸盐

    公开(公告)号：US3301891A

    公开(公告)日：1967-01-31

    申请号：US64033457

    申请日：1957-02-15

    Applicant: BASF AG

    Inventor： VON SCHICKH OTTO

    IPC: C07C201/02

    CPC classification number: C07C203/08 ,  C07C201/02 ,  C07C2601/14 ,  C07C2601/18

    Abstract: Cycloaliphatic nitrates are produced by dissolving cycloaliphatic alcohols in an indifferent solvent and then treating them in this solution with nitrating acid. A suitable temperature range for the reaction is between +20 DEG and -40 DEG C., preferably between -5 DEG and -10 DEG C. Suitable cycloaliphatic alcohols are cyclopentanol, cyclohexanol, cyclo-octanol, cyclodecanol, decahydronaphthol, the isomers of methyl cyclohexanol and dimethylcyclohexanol and mixtures of such alcohols. Examples of indifferent solvents are aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbons, such as chloroform, carbon tetrachloride and ethylene chloride, or aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as petroleum ether, hexane, or heptane, or cyclic hydrocarbons, such as methylcyclopentane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, dimethyl cyclohexane or mixtures thereof. The alcohol is dissolved in the solvent in a ratio of 1 part alcohol to 1, 2, 3 or more parts of solvent. The nitrating acid is a mixture of 1 part of concentrated nitric acid to 1, 2, 3 or more parts of concentrated sulphuric acid. The nitration may be carried out continuously by leading the reactants through a tubular coil at the desired temperature. In examples: (1) cyclohexanol dissolved in carbon tetrachloride is introduced rapidly with stirring into a nitrating acid mixture cooled to -5 DEG to -10 DEG C., and the organic layer is washed with water and soda solution and fractionally distilled to obtain cyclohexanol nitrate; methylcyclohexanol nitrate and dimethylcyclohexanol nitrate are similarly obtained; (2) cyclopentanol dissolved in chloroform is nitrated as in (1) and poured on to crushed ice, the organic layer is washed with sodium bisulphite to remove cyclopentanone, then with water and soda and then is fractionally distilled to obtain cyclopentanol nitrate; cyclo-octanol nitrate is similarly obtained; (3) decahydronaphthol nitrate is obtained by the process of (1). The products are valuable fuel additives.

    Washing apparatus
    123.
    发明授权
    Washing apparatus 失效

    公开(公告)号：US2755302A

    公开(公告)日：1956-07-17

    申请号：US34199053

    申请日：1953-03-12

    Applicant: NITROGLYCERIN AB

    Inventor： PERCY NILSSON NILS AGNE

    IPC: B01D11/04 ,  B01D17/02 ,  C07C201/02

    CPC classification number: B01D11/0473 ,  B01D17/0211 ,  B01D17/0214 ,  C07C201/02 ,  C07C203/06

    Abstract: 731,014. Purifying liquids; gravity-separation apparatus. NITROGLYCERIN AKTIEBOLAGET. April 28, 1953 [April 29, 1952], No. 11664/53. Class 46. The apparatus shown is for washing a liquid such as a nitrated product with another liquid immiscible with it and having a different specific gravity. Washing liquid, such as water, to which an alkali has been added, introduced at 5, and nitroglycerine introduced at 4 are mixed in an injector 3 with the help of compressed air introduced at 6. The mixture passes into a chamber 1 where the air maintains vigorous movement before discharge at 9. The liquid mixture passes between plates 7 forming an angle of between 45 degrees and 60 degrees with the horizontal and spaced apart by a distance small (e.g. 5 mm.) compared with their extent into an intermediate compartment 8 and thence through openings 12 in a wall 10 into a separating chamber 11. From the latter the washing liquid overflows at 16 and the nitroglycerine at 15. The lower end of the separating chamber 11 communicates with an inspection glass 13 ; a layer h e of mixed liquids separating the two liquids may be maintained at the level of this glass by adjusting the height H between the overflow levels 15 and 16, for example with interchangeable nozzles.

    Process of and apparatus for nitrating glycerine, glycol, and similar alcohols
    129.
    发明授权
    Process of and apparatus for nitrating glycerine, glycol, and similar alcohols 失效
    用于硝化甘油，乙二醇和类似醇的方法和设备

    公开(公告)号：US1893447A

    公开(公告)日：1933-01-03

    申请号：US24947328

    申请日：1928-01-25

    Applicant: KARL SCHMID

    Inventor： HANS SCHMID ,  IRMA SCHMID

    IPC: C07C201/02

    CPC classification number: C07C201/02 ,  C07C203/04 ,  C07C203/06

    Abstract: 284,700. Schmid, A., and Meissner, J., (Assignees of Dynamit-Akt.-Ges. vorm. A. Nobel & Co.). Feb. 5, 1927, [Convention date]. Nitrates of glycerol and similar alcohols.-In nitrating glycerine, glycol and similar alcohols, glycerine, &c. is introduced by a pipe 9 and nitrating acid through openings 7 into a current of reacting mixture circulating between a reaction chamber 4 and a cooling chamber 5 separated by a partittion which may be formed of cooling tubes 3 placed closed together. Excess of the reaction mixture overflows through the outlet 2. The circulation is maintained by a stirrer 6 or by injection of air. The cooling-chamber 5 may be tubes through which cooling medium is circulated or may be arranged so that the reaction mixture passes through tubes surrounded by a cooling medium.

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