摘要:
A solid state laser includes a resonator, a solid laser crystal disposed in the resonator, a pumping source for pumping the laser crystal, a pair of .lambda./4 plates which is disposed in the resonator with the laser crystal intervening therebetween and makes an oscillation beam of a twisted mode, and a polarization control element which is disposed in the resonator and sets the linear polarization of the solid state laser beam in a predetermined direction. The solid laser crystal is a birefringent crystal and an optical axis of the birefringence of the solid laser crystal is oriented in the direction of the linear polarization of the solid state laser beam set by the polarization control element.
摘要:
In an optical wavelength converting apparatus, a fundamental wave impinges upon a crystal of a nonlinear optical material, the type II of phase matching between the fundamental wave and its second harmonic is effected, and the second harmonic of the fundamental wave is thereby radiated out of the optical wavelength converting apparatus. Two crystals constituted of the same material are employed as the crystal. The two crystals have equal lengths and are located in orientations such that corresponding optic axes may be shifted 90.degree. from each other. The optical wavelength converting apparatus yields the second harmonic having the maximum possible output power and yet can be kept small in size and low in cost.
摘要:
A method for fabricating an optical wavelength converter element which has a high optical damage threshold value, and is capable of achieving a high wavelength conversion efficiency without involving propagation losses caused by the reflection and scattering of a fundamental wave and a wavelength-converted wave. Domain reversals periodically arranged are formed on a substrate made of a LiNbO.sub.3 crystal which acts as a ferroelectric substance possessing a nonlinear optical effect. Thereafter, an ITO thin film made of a transparent electrically conductive material is deposited on a surface of the substrate extending in the direction of the arrangement of the domain reversals, that is, "y" and "z" surfaces.
摘要:
A laser diode pumped solid laser comprises a solid laser medium, to which a rare earth metal has been added, a semiconductor laser, which produces a laser beam for pumping the solid laser medium, and a condensing lens, which causes the laser beam to converge in the solid laser medium. The condensing lens is located such that an optical axis of the condensing lens may deviate in the width direction of a semiconductor laser active layer from a center of irradiation area of the semiconductor laser. The amount of light returning to the semiconductor laser is thereby reduced markedly, and good stability in the output power of the laser diode pumped solid laser is obtained. A nonlinear optical material for converting the wavelength of a laser beam, which has been produced by the solid laser medium, into a different wavelength may be located in a solid laser resonator.
摘要:
In an optical wavelength converting apparatus, a fundamental wave impinges upon a crystal of a nonlinear optical material, the type II of phase matching between the fundamental wave and its second harmonic is effected, and the second harmonic of the fundamental wave is thereby radiated out of the optical wavelength converting apparatus. Two crystals constituted of the same material are employed as the crystal. The two crystals have equal lengths and are located in orientations such that corresponding optic axes may be shifted 90.degree. from each other. The optical wavelength converting apparatus yields the second harmonic having the maximum possible output power and yet can be kept small in size and low in cost.
摘要:
An optical wavelength converting apparatus comprises a semiconductor laser, which is capable of oscillating in a multiple longitudinal mode, and an external resonator for resonating a laser beam, which has been radiated out of the semiconductor laser and which serves as a fundamental wave. An optical wavelength converting device is located in an optical path of the fundamental wave, which has been resonated by the external resonator. A device feeds part of the fundamental wave, which has been resonated by the external resonator, back to the semiconductor laser. A wavelength-converted wave in a single longitudinal mode is thereby obtained, which wave has a high intensity and is stable.
摘要:
A method of forming a color image on a silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material having at least one silver halide emulsion layer provided on a reflective support, which does not substantially contain silver iodide and which contains silver chlorobromide or silver chloride grains having a silver chloride content of at least 95 mol %, said grains containing at least one metal ion consisting of a group of ions of metals of Group VIII of the Periodic Table, transition metals of Group II of the Periodic Table, lead and thallium in an amount of at least 10.sup.-9 mol per mol of silver halide, comprising exposing said photographic material by means of a scanning exposure using an image signal formed by scanning an original image and thereafter continuously processing said photographic material with a color developer substantially not containing benzyl alcohol, wherein the amount of the replenisher to the developer is 200 ml or less per m.sup.2 of the photographic material processed thereby. The variation in the photographic properties of the material thus continuously processed, is greatly reduced.
摘要:
In an optical wavelength converting apparatus, a laser beam serving as a fundamental wave and having been obtained by pumping a solid laser medium is caused to impinge upon a nonlinear optical crystal, and the type II of phase matching between the fundamental wave and its second harmonic is effected. The second harmonic of the fundamental wave is thereby radiated out of the optical wavelength converting apparatus. A solid laser medium, which produces a linearly polarized fundamental wave in two longitudinal modes, is employed as the solid laser medium. A device for adjusting a difference in phase of the fundamental wave due to the nonlinear optical crystal and a device for adjusting the temperatures of the nonlinear optical crystal and a resonator, such that the temperatures may be kept at predetermined values, are provided in order to work such that two directions of polarization of the fundamental wave may intersect approximately perpendicularly to each other and may respectively incline approximately 45.degree. with respect to an optic axis of the nonlinear optical crystal. The second harmonic having stable output power and free of any noise is thus obtained.
摘要:
There is disclosed an optical frequency converter of a bulk resonator structure comprising a ring resonator or V-shaped resonator made of a nonlinear optical crystal. The converter is equipped with a means for returning a laser light emitted by a semiconductor laser resonating inside the resonator to the semiconductor laser. The ring resonator or V-shaped resonator is made small in size and compact. The converter is insusceptible to vibration and needs no adjustment. Returning laser light is produced at less locations. The loss of the output light inside the resonator is reduced. The second harmonic is generated at a high efficiency. Multiple reflection is produced inside the resonator to further enhance the efficiency of the generation of the second harmonic of the laser radiation. Also, the phase of the radiation can be made uniform. The optical density can be increased.
摘要:
A nonlinear optical material comprising a compound represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R and R' are each an alkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group or a hetero ring, and a method of converting the wavelength of laser light using the organic nonlinear optical material.