公开(公告)号：US20160356943A1

公开(公告)日：2016-12-08

申请号：US15051047

申请日：2016-02-23

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Hyungryul J. Choi ,  Zhibing Ge ,  Cheng Chen ,  Hossein Nemati ,  Wei Chen ,  Jun Qi ,  Khadijeh Bayat ,  David A. Doyle ,  John Z. Zhong

IPC: F21V8/00 ,  G02F1/137 ,  G02F1/133 ,  G02F1/1334 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  G02F1/1335

CPC classification number: G02B6/0051 ,  G02B6/005 ,  G02F1/13338 ,  G02F1/1334 ,  G02F1/133526 ,  G02F1/133528 ,  G02F1/1336 ,  G02F1/134309 ,  G02F1/13439 ,  G02F1/1393 ,  G02F2001/133626 ,  G02F2001/13793 ,  G02F2001/294 ,  G02F2203/50

Abstract: An electronic device may generate content that is to be displayed on a display. The display may have an array of liquid crystal display pixels for displaying image frames of the content. The display may be operated in at least a normal viewing mode, a privacy mode, an outdoor viewing mode, and a power saving mode. The different view modes may exhibit different viewing angles. In one configuration, the display may include a backlight unit that generates a collimated light source and that includes a switchable diffuser film for selectively scattering the collimated light source depending on the current viewing mode of the display. In another configuration, the display may include a backlight unit that generates a scattered light source that includes a switchable microarray structure such as a switchable mirror structure or a tunable microlens array for selectively collimating the scattered light source depending on the current viewing mode.

Abstract translation: 电子设备可以产生要显示在显示器上的内容。 显示器可以具有用于显示内容的图像帧的液晶显示像素阵列。 显示器可以至少在正常观看模式，隐私模式，室外观看模式和省电模式下操作。 不同的视图模式可以呈现不同的视角。 在一种配置中，显示器可以包括产生准直光源的背光单元，并且包括可切换漫射膜，用于根据显示器的当前观看模式选择性地散射准直光源。 在另一种配置中，显示器可以包括产生散射光源的背光单元，该散射光源包括可切换的微阵列结构，例如可切换镜结构或可调谐微透镜阵列，用于根据当前观看模式选择性地准直散射光源。

公开(公告)号：US20160321975A1

公开(公告)日：2016-11-03

申请号：US14863142

申请日：2015-09-23

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Jin Yan ,  Young Cheol Yang ,  Jun Jiang ,  Hao-Lin Chiu ,  Young-Jik Jo ,  Cheng Chen

IPC: G09G3/20 ,  G09G3/36

CPC classification number: G09G3/2003 ,  G09G3/3607 ,  G09G3/3648 ,  G09G2300/023 ,  G09G2320/0238 ,  G09G2320/0242

Abstract: A display may have a first stage such as a color liquid crystal display stage and a second stage such as a monochromatic liquid crystal display stage that are coupled in tandem so that light from a backlight passes through both stages. The pixel pitch of the second stage may be greater than the pixel pitch of the first stage to ease alignment tolerances and reduce image processing complexity. The first stage may be provided with straight black masking strips, whereas the second stage may be provided with angled zigzagging black masking strips. The angle of the zigzagging black masking strips and the ratio of the pixel pitch of the second stage to that of the first stage may be selected to maximize optical transmittance while minimizing Moire effects.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有第一级，例如彩色液晶显示级和第二级，例如单色液晶显示级，其串联耦合，使得来自背光的光通过两级。 第二级的像素间距可以大于第一级的像素间距，以减轻对准公差并降低图像处理的复杂性。 第一阶段可以设置有直黑色掩蔽条，而第二阶段可以设置有成角度的锯齿形黑色掩蔽条。 可以选择锯齿状黑色掩模条的角度和第二级的像素间距与第一级的像素间距的比率以使光线透射率最大化，同时最小化莫尔效应。

公开(公告)号：US20160180780A1

公开(公告)日：2016-06-23

申请号：US14673667

申请日：2015-03-30

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Cheng Chen ,  Jiaying Wu ,  Will Riedel ,  Wei Chen ,  John Z. Zhong

IPC: G09G3/34 ,  G09G3/20

CPC classification number: G09G5/02 ,  G09G3/2003 ,  G09G3/3413 ,  G09G2320/0242 ,  G09G2320/0626 ,  G09G2320/066 ,  G09G2320/0666 ,  G09G2320/08 ,  G09G2360/144

Abstract: An electronic device may include a display having an array of display pixels and having display control circuitry that controls the operation of the display. The display control circuitry may operate the display in different modes. In a paper mode, display control circuitry may use stored spectral reflectance data to adjust display colors such that the colors appear as they would on a printed sheet of paper. In a low light mode when the ambient light level is below a threshold, the light emitted from the display may be adjusted to mimic the appearance of an incandescent light source. In a bright light mode when the ambient light level exceeds a threshold, the light emitted from the display may be adjusted to maximize readability in bright light. The target white point of the display may be adjusted based on which mode the display is operating in.

Abstract translation: 电子设备可以包括具有显示像素阵列并具有控制显示器的操作的显示控制电路的显示器。 显示控制电路可以以不同的模式操作显示器。 在纸张模式中，显示控制电路可以使用存储的光谱反射率数据来调整显示颜色，使得颜色看起来像在打印纸上一样。 在环境光水平低于阈值的低光模式中，可以调节从显示器发射的光以模拟白炽光源的外观。 在亮光模式下，当环境光线水平超过阈值时，可以调节从显示器发出的光线，以使亮度下的可读性最大化。 显示器的目标白点可以根据显示器正在操作的模式进行调整。

公开(公告)号：US09349329B2

公开(公告)日：2016-05-24

申请号：US13927521

申请日：2013-06-26

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Cheng Chen ,  Nicholas A. Rundle

IPC: G09G3/36 ,  G09G3/34 ,  G02F1/1335 ,  G02F1/1333 ,  F21V8/00

CPC classification number: G09G3/36 ,  G02B6/0061 ,  G02F1/133512 ,  G02F2001/133388 ,  G02F2001/133601 ,  G09G3/3406 ,  G09G2310/0232 ,  G09G2320/0238

Abstract: An electronic device is provided with a display such as a liquid crystal display. The display includes a display module having an array of display pixels and a backlight unit configured to provide backlight to the array of display pixels. The array of display pixels includes display pixels in a central region surrounded by display pixels in a border region. To minimize light leakage from the display, display control circuitry drives the display pixels in the central region according to a first gray level mapping function and drives the display pixels in the border region according to a second gray level mapping function. Light leakage reduction structures may be used to reduce the intensity of backlight received by display pixels in the border region relative to the intensity of backlight received by display pixels in the central region.

Abstract translation: 电子设备设置有诸如液晶显示器的显示器。 显示器包括具有显示像素阵列的显示模块和被配置为向显示像素阵列提供背光的背光单元。 显示像素阵列包括由边界区域中的显示像素包围的中心区域中的显示像素。 为了最小化来自显示器的光泄漏，显示控制电路根据第一灰度级映射功能驱动中央区域中的显示像素，并根据第二灰度映射功能驱动边界区域中的显示像素。 可以使用漏光减少结构来降低边界区域中的显示像素相对于中央区域中的显示像素接收的背光的强度所接收的背光的强度。

公开(公告)号：US20160131941A1

公开(公告)日：2016-05-12

申请号：US14891941

申请日：2013-05-14

Applicant: APPLE INC.

Inventor： Cheng Chen ,  Young Cheol Yang ,  Chul Ho Park

IPC: G02F1/1335 ,  G02F1/1362 ,  G02F1/1368

CPC classification number: G02F1/133514 ,  G02B1/111 ,  G02B5/201 ,  G02B5/223 ,  G02F1/133502 ,  G02F1/133509 ,  G02F1/133512 ,  G02F1/133516 ,  G02F1/136209 ,  G02F1/136286 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  G02F2001/133302 ,  G02F2001/133388 ,  G02F2001/133519 ,  G02F2001/133565 ,  G02F2001/136222 ,  G02F2202/023

Abstract: An electronic device may have a display such as a liquid crystal display. A color filter layer may be formed on a display layer such as a transparent substrate layer. The color filter layer may include an array of color filter elements on a central portion of a surface of the transparent substrate layer. The color filter layer may include a peripheral color filter of a single color that at least partially surrounds the color filter elements on the central portion of the inner surface. In an inactive portion of the display, an opaque masking material may be formed over the peripheral color filter. In an active portion of the display the opaque masking material may form a grid that covers interfaces between adjacent color filter elements. The peripheral color filter may completely cover the surface of the substrate in the entire inactive portion of the display.

Abstract translation: 电子设备可以具有诸如液晶显示器的显示器。 滤色器层可以形成在诸如透明基底层的显示层上。 滤色器层可以包括在透明基底层的表面的中心部分上的滤色器元件的阵列。 滤色器层可以包括至少部分地围绕内表面的中心部分上的滤色器元件的单一颜色的周边滤色器。 在显示器的非活动部分中，可以在周边滤色器上形成不透明的掩模材料。 在显示器的有效部分中，不透明掩模材料可以形成覆盖相邻滤色器元件之间的界面的格栅。 周边滤色器可以在显示器的整个非活动部分中完全覆盖基板的表面。

公开(公告)号：US20150370115A1

公开(公告)日：2015-12-24

申请号：US14307841

申请日：2014-06-18

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Zhibing Ge ,  Yeon Sik Ham ,  Cheng Chen ,  Chia Hsuan Tai ,  Enkhamgalan Dorjgotov ,  Sang Un Choi ,  Shih-Chyuan Fan Jiang

IPC: G02F1/1339 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  G02F1/1335

CPC classification number: G02F1/13394 ,  G02F1/133512 ,  G02F1/133514 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  G02F2001/13396 ,  G02F2001/13398 ,  G02F2001/136222

Abstract: A display may have a color filter layer and a thin-film transistor layer. A layer of liquid crystal material may be located between the color filter layer and the thin-film transistor layer. Column spacers may be formed on the color filter layer to maintain a desired gap between the color filter and thin-film transistor layers. Support pads may be used to support the column spacers. The column spacers and support pads may have comparable thicknesses. Different column spacers may be located at different portions of the support pads to allow the support pad size to be reduced while ensuring adequate support.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有滤色器层和薄膜晶体管层。 液晶材料层可以位于滤色器层和薄膜晶体管层之间。 柱状间隔物可以形成在滤色器层上，以保持滤色器和薄膜晶体管层之间的期望的间隙。 支撑垫可用于支撑柱间隔物。 柱间隔件和支撑垫可具有可比较的厚度。 不同的柱间隔件可以位于支撑垫的不同部分，以允许在确保足够支撑的同时减小支撑垫尺寸。

公开(公告)号：US09182643B1

公开(公告)日：2015-11-10

申请号：US14494498

申请日：2014-09-23

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Zhibing Ge ,  Enkhamgalan Dorjgotov ,  Cheng Chen ,  Lei Zhao ,  Chun-Yao Huang ,  Shih-Chang Chang ,  Shih-Chyuan Fan Jiang

IPC: G02F1/1343 ,  G02F1/136 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  G02F1/1362

CPC classification number: G02F1/13624 ,  G02F1/134363 ,  G02F1/13439 ,  G02F1/136213 ,  G02F1/136277 ,  G02F1/1368

Abstract: A liquid crystal display may have a layer of liquid crystal material. The display may have an array of display pixel circuits. The display pixel circuits may each include a display pixel electrode that applies electric fields to a corresponding portion of the liquid crystal material. Thin-film transistor circuitry and other structures in the display pixels may control operation of the display pixels circuits. The thin-film transistor circuitry may be configured to handle operation of the display at multiple refresh rates. To accommodate multiple refresh rates, each pixel circuit may include a pair of transistors. A first transistor is used to apply data signals from a data line to the display pixel electrode. A storage capacitor is used to maintain the data signal on the electrode. The second transistor may be used to adjust the capacitance of the storage capacitor depending on the refresh rate of the display.

Abstract translation: 液晶显示器可以具有液晶材料层。 显示器可以具有显示像素电路的阵列。 显示像素电路可以各自包括将电场施加到液晶材料的对应部分的显示像素电极。 显示像素中的薄膜晶体管电路和其他结构可以控制显示像素电路的操作。 薄膜晶体管电路可以被配置为以多个刷新速率处理显示器的操作。 为了适应多个刷新率，每个像素电路可以包括一对晶体管。 第一晶体管用于将数据信号从数据线施加到显示像素电极。 使用存储电容器来维持电极上的数据信号。 第二晶体管可以用于根据显示器的刷新率来调整存储电容器的电容。

公开(公告)号：US09055283B2

公开(公告)日：2015-06-09

申请号：US13841540

申请日：2013-03-15

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Cheng Chen ,  Gabriel Marcu ,  Jiaying Wu ,  Anuj Bhatnagar ,  Hongqin Zhang

IPC: H04N17/02 ,  H04N17/04

CPC classification number: H04N17/02 ,  G09G5/02 ,  H04N17/04

Abstract: A method is provided for calibrating a display having color channels. Each color channel is capable of adjusting settings for pixel values at gray level entries. The method includes selecting a gray level entry for calibration. The method also includes providing a target white point in chromaticity coordinates (x, y) and a target brightness at the selected gray level entry to the display. The method further includes adjusting the setting for the pixel values for the color channels at the selected gray level entry such that the display achieves the target white point and the target brightness at an adjusted pixel value.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种校准具有彩色通道的显示器的方法。 每个颜色通道能够调整灰度条目下的像素值的设置。 该方法包括选择用于校准的灰度级条目。 该方法还包括将色度坐标（x，y）中的目标白点和在所选择的灰度级条目处的显示器提供目标亮度。 该方法还包括调整所选择的灰度级条目处的颜色通道的像素值的设置，使得显示器以调整的像素值实现目标白点和目标亮度。

公开(公告)号：US20150131035A1

公开(公告)日：2015-05-14

申请号：US14075419

申请日：2013-11-08

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Cheng Chen

IPC: G02B5/30 ,  B32B38/10 ,  B32B37/24 ,  G02F1/1335 ,  G02F1/1333

CPC classification number: G02B5/305 ,  G02B1/11 ,  G02B1/14 ,  G02B1/18 ,  G02B5/3083 ,  G02F1/133528 ,  G02F1/133533 ,  G02F2001/133374 ,  G02F2001/133538

Abstract: Electronic devices may be provided with displays that have polarizers. A polarizer may have a polymer layer that has a portion covered with a dichroic dye to form a polarized region and a portion that is free of dichroic dye to form an unpolarized region. The unpolarized region may be formed by masking the polymer layer during a dye coating process. Masks may be formed from polymers. The shape of the mask may define the shape of the unpolarized region. The mask may be left in place within the polarizer or may be removed from the polarizer during fabrication. Unpolarized regions may also be formed by light bleaching, chemical bleaching, and material removal techniques. Bleached areas may be chemically stabilized. A moisture barrier layer may be incorporated into the polarizer to help prevent the unpolarized region from reverting to a polarized state.

Abstract translation: 电子设备可以设置有具有偏振器的显示器。 偏振器可以具有聚合物层，其具有用二色性染料覆盖的部分以形成极化区域，并且部分不含二色性染料以形成非偏振区域。 非偏光区域可以通过在染料涂覆过程中掩蔽聚合物层而形成。 面罩可以由聚合物形成。 掩模的形状可以限定非偏振区域的形状。 掩模可以在偏振器内留在原位，或者可以在制造期间从偏振器移除。 非偏振区域也可以通过光漂白，化学漂白和材料去除技术形成。 漂白区域可能化学稳定。 可以将防潮层结合到偏振器中以帮助防止非偏振区域回复到偏振状态。

公开(公告)号：US20140307207A1

公开(公告)日：2014-10-16

申请号：US13861231

申请日：2013-04-11

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Zhibing Ge ,  Cheng Chen ,  Enkhamgalan Dorjgotov ,  Jun Qi

IPC: G02F1/1339

CPC classification number: G02F1/13394 ,  G02F2001/13396 ,  G02F2001/13398

Abstract: A display may have a layer of liquid crystal material between a color filter layer and a thin-film transistor layer. Column spacer structures may be formed between the color filter layer and the thin-film transistor layer to maintain a desired separation between the color filter and thin-film transistor layers. The column spacer structures may be formed from polymer structures such as photoresist pillars and may include metal pads. The metal pads may be formed on the upper surface of the thin-film transistor layer or the lower surface of the color filter layer. The photoresist pillars may be formed on a surface in the display such as the lower surface of the color filter layer. Column spacer structures may include main spacer structures, subspacer structures, and intermediate thickness spacer structures to enhance pooling mura and light leakage performance.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以在滤色器层和薄膜晶体管层之间具有液晶材料层。 可以在滤色器层和薄膜晶体管层之间形成柱间隔结构，以保持滤色器和薄膜晶体管层之间期望的间隔。 柱间隔物结构可以由诸如光致抗蚀剂柱的聚合物结构形成，并且可以包括金属垫。 金属焊盘可以形成在薄膜晶体管层的上表面或滤色器层的下表面上。 光致抗蚀剂柱可以形成在显示器的表面上，例如滤色器层的下表面。 柱间隔结构可以包括主间隔物结构，子间隔结构和中间厚度间隔结构，以增强混合液体和光泄漏性能。