公开(公告)号：US4935883A

公开(公告)日：1990-06-19

申请号：US194888

申请日：1988-05-17

Applicant: Rand H. Hulsing II

Inventor： Rand H. Hulsing II

IPC: G01P15/00 ,  G01P15/18 ,  G01V7/00 ,  G01V7/02 ,  G01V13/00

CPC classification number: G01V7/00

Abstract: Apparatus and method for establishing a level plane and with respect to the level plane, vertically aligning an acceleration sensitive axis of a gravity measurement device (10). The gravity measurement device includes an accelerometer (68), which is rotatably mounted on a gimbal shaft (62) within a gimbal frame (54). The gimbal frame is also rotatable about a longitudinal axis that is preferably oriented at a right angle to the longitudinal axis of the gimbal shaft. A stepping motor (20) is connected through an antibacklash gear (30), an idler gear (32) and an antibacklash gear (48) to a drive shaft (50). Rotation of this drive shaft causes the accelerometer to rotate about the gimbal shaft. In a similar fashion, a stepping motor (22) is drivingly connected to a drive shaft (56), used to rotate the gimbal frame. A control (140) selectively energizes the stepping motors, so that the acceleration sensitive axis of the accelerometer is rotated until an output signal from the acceleometer indicates that the acceleration of gravity is zero and thus that the sensitive axis is level at two cross axis positions, thereby determining a level reference plane. The control then causes the accelerometer to be rotated 90.degree. relative to the reference plane, so that the acceleration sensitive axis is vertically aligned, thereby enabling the accelerometer to measure the local acceleration of gravity with minimal error due to vertical alignment.

Abstract translation: 用于建立水平面并相对于水平面的垂直对准重力测量装置（10）的加速度敏感轴的装置和方法。 重力测量装置包括加速度计（68），其被可旋转地安装在万向架框架（54）内的万向轴（62）上。 万向架框架也可以围绕纵向轴线旋转，该纵向轴线优选地定向成与万向轴的纵向轴线成直角。 步进马达（20）通过防撞片齿轮（30），空转齿轮（32）和反弹头齿轮（48）连接到驱动轴（50）。 该驱动轴的旋转使加速度计围绕万向轴旋转。 以类似的方式，步进马达（22）驱动地连接到用于旋转万向架框架的驱动轴（56）。 控制器（140）选择性地激励步进电机，使得加速度计的加速度敏感轴旋转，直到来自测深计的输出信号指示重力加速度为零，并且因此感测轴在两个横轴位置处水平 ，从而确定水平参考平面。 然后，该控制使加速度计相对于参考平面旋转90度，使得加速度敏感轴垂直对准，从而使得加速度计能够以垂直对准的最小误差来测量局部重力加速度。

公开(公告)号：US4929957A

公开(公告)日：1990-05-29

申请号：US380912

申请日：1989-07-17

Applicant: Charles W. Davidson

Inventor： Charles W. Davidson

IPC: G01S1/16 ,  G01S1/10 ,  G01S1/18

CPC classification number: G01S1/10

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting amplitude compression in a guidance system utilizes a transmitting system that transmits two pulses having a predetermined amplitude differential therebetween on each of a plurality of directional beams. The amplitudes of the pulses received from an individual one of the beams are compared, and if the amplitude differential between the received pulses is different than the predetermined amplitude differential of the transmitted pulses, a signal indicative of receiver compression is generated.

Abstract translation: 用于检测引导系统中的幅度压缩的方法和装置利用在多个定向波束中的每一个上发射具有预定幅度差的两个脉冲的发射系统。 比较从单个波束中接收到的脉冲的振幅，并且如果接收到的脉冲之间的幅度差异不同于发射脉冲的预定幅度差，则产生指示接收机压缩的信号。

公开(公告)号：US4929860A

公开(公告)日：1990-05-29

申请号：US194806

申请日：1988-05-17

Applicant: Rand H. Hulsing, II ,  Mitchell Novack

Inventor： Rand H. Hulsing, II ,  Mitchell Novack

IPC: G01L1/10 ,  G01P15/02 ,  H01L29/84 ,  H01L41/09 ,  H01L41/22

CPC classification number: G01L1/10 ,  G01L9/0022 ,  G01P15/097 ,  H01L41/047

Abstract: A technique is described for tailoring the configuration of electrodes on a piezoelectric beam such that the tendency of the beam to vibrate in a predetermined flexure mode is enhanced. The mode has a predetermined longitudinal strain versus longitudinal position profile. At least two electrodes are mounted on the beam, and the configuration of at least one electrode varies as a function of longitudinal position, such that when a voltage difference is applied between the electrodes, the longitudinal force produced by the electrodes, as a function of longitudinal position, approximates the longitudinal strain versus longitudinal position profile. The configuration may be varied by varying the width of the electrode or the position of the electrode on the underlying beam surface.

Abstract translation: 描述了一种技术来定制压电梁上的电极的配置，使得光束以预定的弯曲模式振动的趋势被增强。 该模式具有预定的纵向应变与纵向位置分布。 至少两个电极安装在梁上，并且至少一个电极的构型随着纵向位置的变化而变化，使得当在电极之间施加电压差时，由电极产生的纵向力作为 纵向位置近似纵向应变与纵向位置分布。 可以通过改变电极的宽度或在下面的光束表面上的电极的位置来改变配置。

公开(公告)号：US4881408A

公开(公告)日：1989-11-21

申请号：US313289

申请日：1989-02-16

Applicant: Rand H. Hulsing, II ,  Rex B. Peters ,  Brian L. Norling

Inventor： Rand H. Hulsing, II ,  Rex B. Peters ,  Brian L. Norling

IPC: G01P15/097 ,  G01P15/10

CPC classification number: G01P15/097 ,  G01P2015/0828

Abstract: A compact, low g range accelerometer comprising a support (22), a proof mass (20), flexures (24, 26) for mounting the proof mass to the support, and a force sensing element (40). The proof mass has a single rotational degree of freedom about a hinge axis (H) perpendicular to the accelerometer's sensitive axis (S). The force sensing element is positioned along a line that is normal to the hinge axis and that lies in a plane that is normal to the hinge axis and that passes through the center of gravity (46) of the proof mass. The perpendicular distance between the hinge axis and the force sensing element is less than the distance between the hinge axis and the center of the proof mass. The force sensing element may be parallel to the pendulous axis, to produce an extremely compact accelerometer, or may be oriented at an acute angle with respect to the pendulous axis, such that the line along which the force sensing element is positioned passes through the center of percussion of the proof mass.

Abstract translation: 一种紧凑的低g范围加速度计，包括支撑件（22），用于将证明物质安装到支撑件的检测质量块（20），挠曲件（24,26）以及力感测元件（40）。 相对于垂直于加速度传感器的敏感轴（S）的铰链轴（H），证明物质具有单一的旋转自由度。 力感测元件沿着垂直于铰链轴线的线定位，并且位于与铰链轴线垂直的平面中，并且穿过该质量块的重心（46）。 铰链轴和力感测元件之间的垂直距离小于铰链轴与检验质量中心之间的距离。 力感测元件可以平行于下摆轴线，以产生非常紧凑的加速度计，或者可以相对于下摆轴线以锐角定向，使得力感测元件所位于的线穿过中心 打击乐的质量。

公开(公告)号：US4864861A

公开(公告)日：1989-09-12

申请号：US224566

申请日：1988-07-26

Applicant: Rand H. Hulsing

Inventor： Rand H. Hulsing

IPC: G01C19/5769 ,  G01C19/5783 ,  G01P3/46 ,  G01P15/08

CPC classification number: G01C19/5769 ,  G01C19/5783 ,  G01P15/08 ,  G01P3/46

Abstract: An apparatus for producing signals indicative of both a Coriolis rate and an acceleration along a preferred axis while decoupling extraneous vibration and motion that would introduce errors into the signals, and a driving mechanism for vibrating the apparatus at a dither frequency. The apparatus includes a parallelogram frame (50) including two accelerometer support surfaces (24, 26) on which are mounted two accelerometers (20 and 22) having their sensitive axes in parallel alignment. A driving mechanism (64) is connected to the parallelogram frame and is operative to drive the accelerometers at a desired frequency, causing them to vibrate back and forth in a direction substantially transverse to their sensitive axes. The driving mechanism includes a mounting plate (72) and a coil frame (66) on which are mounted two electromagnetic coils (70) having a "C" shaped core (80). The driving mechanism is mounted so that the core faces a pole piece (84) attached to the parallelogram frame and its moment of inertia is trimmed to equal that of the parallelogram frame. It is connected to the parallelogram by a link (88) and provides a reactionless driving force.

公开(公告)号：US4857923A

公开(公告)日：1989-08-15

申请号：US886201

申请日：1986-07-15

Applicant: Charles D. Bateman

Inventor： Charles D. Bateman

IPC: G01C21/00 ,  B64D45/04 ,  G01C5/00 ,  G05D1/06 ,  G08B21/00

CPC classification number: G01C5/005 ,  G05D1/0646

Abstract: An aircraft ground proximity warning system having an excessive descent rate warning mode which generates a warning signal when the descent rate of the aircraft exceeds a predetermined limit for the particular altitude of the aircraft above ground. The warning system provides for three separate warnings. A SINK RATE advisory warning is generated for combinations of lesser descent rates and greater altitudes. A PULL UP warning is generated for higher descent rates at lower radio altitudes. After a predetermined time after the SINK RATE warning is generated a TERRAIN warning is provided to indicate to the pilot of the aircraft that an excessive sink rate condition exists and the aircraft is flying over undulating or mountainous terrain. Also disclosed is logic circuitry for detecting that the aircraft is flying over undulating terrain.

Abstract translation: 具有过低下降率警告模式的飞机地面接近警告系统，当航空器的下降速度超过地面上的飞行器的特定高度的预定极限时，其产生警告信号。 警告系统提供三个单独的警告。 产生一个SINK RATE咨询警告，用于降低下降率和较高海拔的组合。 在较低的无线电高度下产生较高下降率的“上拉”警告。 在产生SINK RATE警告之后的预定时间之后，提供TERRAIN警告以向飞行员指示存在过大的汇率条件，并且飞机在波浪或山地上飞行。 还公开了用于检测飞机在起伏地形上飞行的逻辑电路。

公开(公告)号：US4849756A

公开(公告)日：1989-07-18

申请号：US886198

申请日：1986-07-15

Applicant: Charles D. Bateman

Inventor： Charles D. Bateman

IPC: G08B21/00 ,  G01C5/00 ,  G05D1/06 ,  G08G5/04

CPC classification number: G01C5/005 ,  G05D1/0646

Abstract: An aircraft ground proximity warning system is disclosed having an inadequate terrain clearance warning mode, wherein the criteria required to generate the warning is modified when the aircraft is flying over undulating or mountainous terrain. The system is responsive to signals representative of the radio altitude, the barometric altitude, the speed of the aircraft, the flap position and the landing gear position to provide warnings when the aircraft is operating below a predetermined altitude with either or both of the landing gear of the flaps not in a landing configuration. The warning system also provides a warning when the aircraft is traveling above a predetermined speed and below a predetermined altitude irrespective of the configuration of the landing gear or the flaps. Also disclosed is logic circuitry for detecting that the aircraft is flying over undulating or mountainous terrain and modifying the warning envelope during such condition to provide longer warning times.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种具有不足的地形清除警告模式的飞机地面接近警告系统，其中当飞机在波浪或山地上飞行时，产生警告所需的准则被修改。 该系统响应于代表无线电高度，气压高度，飞行器速度，襟翼位置和起落架位置的信号，以在航空器使用起落架中的任一个或两个起落架运行的情况下提供警告 的襟翼不在着陆配置。 当飞机高于预定速度并低于预定高度时，警告系统还提供警告，而不考虑起落架或襟翼的构造。 还公开了用于检测飞机在波浪或山地地形上飞行的逻辑电路，并且在这种状态期间修改警告信号以提供更长的警告时间。

公开(公告)号：US4848156A

公开(公告)日：1989-07-18

申请号：US224890

申请日：1988-07-26

Applicant: Rand H. Hulsing

Inventor： Rand H. Hulsing

IPC: G01C19/574 ,  G01C19/5769 ,  G01P3/46 ,  G01P15/08

CPC classification number: G01C19/574 ,  G01C19/5769 ,  G01P15/08 ,  G01P3/46

Abstract: An apparatus for producing signals indicative of both a Coriolis rate and an acceleration along a preferred axis while decoupling extraneous vibration and motion that would introduce errors into the signals, and a driving mechanism for vibrating the apparatus at a dither frequency. The apparatus includes a parallelogram frame (50) including two accelerometer support surfaces (24, 26) on which are mounted two accelerometers (20 and 22) having their sensitive axes in parallel alignment. The accelerometer support surfaces are connected to opposite ends of a flex member (52), which includes six flexures (32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42) having parallel bending axes. Two of the flexures (34, 38) are disposed at opposite ends of one side of each flexure member, and have a "long" axis that is substantially parallel to the sensitive axes of the accelerometers and aligned with a line connecting their centers of percussion. The centers of mass of the accelerometers and their associated supporting surfaces are coincident with the centers of percussion, and are rigidly connected by the two flexures and by one side (30) of each flex member. This solid metal path between the centers of percussion minimizes common mode errors. A driving mechanism (64) is connected to the parallelogram frame and is operative to drive the accelerometers at a desired frequency, causing them to vibrate back and forth in a direction substantially transverse to their sensitive axes. The driving mechanism includes a mounting plate (72) and a coil frame (66) on which are mounted two electromagnetic coils (70) having a "C" shaped core (80). The driving mechanism is mounted so that the core faces a pole piece (84) attached to the parallelogram frame and its moment of inertia is trimmed to equal that of the parallelogram frame. It is connected to the parallelogram by a link (88) and provides a reactionless driving force.

公开(公告)号：US4818992A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-04

申请号：US503217

申请日：1983-06-10

Applicant: Noel S. Paterson

Inventor： Noel S. Paterson

IPC: B64D45/04 ,  G01C5/00 ,  G08B23/00

CPC classification number: G01C5/005

Abstract: A warning system for rotary wing aircraft compares the accumulated altitude loss after take-off of the aircraft with its altitude above ground, and generates a warning if the altitude loss is excessive for the altitude above ground at which the aircraft is flying. The position of the landing gear, the speed of the aircraft and its altitude enable the system only during the take-off and missed approach phases of operation in order to minimize nuisance warnings during other phases. The relationship between radio altitude and altitude loss required to generate a warning is optimized for rotary wing aircaft such as helicopters.

Abstract translation: 旋翼机的预警系统将飞机起飞后的累计高度损失与地面高度进行比较，如果飞机飞越地面高度的高度损失过高，则会产生警告。 起落架的位置，飞机的速度及其高度使得系统只能在起飞和错过接近操作阶段才能使系统达到最小化，以便在其他阶段最小化妨扰警告。 无人机高度与产生警告所需的高度损失之间的关系针对直升飞机等旋翼飞机进行了优化。

公开(公告)号：US4810922A

公开(公告)日：1989-03-07

申请号：US145813

申请日：1988-01-19

Applicant: Kelly L. Hirsch

Inventor： Kelly L. Hirsch

IPC: H03B5/32 ,  H03L5/00 ,  H01L41/08

CPC classification number: H03B5/32 ,  H03L5/00

Abstract: A crystal controlled oscillator in which changes in damping are compensated and a method for decoupling the output signal of such an oscillator from damping changes. The damping decoupled oscillator includes a quartz crystal (10), which produces a periodic signal, connected in series with a variable gain amplifier (18) and a variable phase shift circuit (22). Feedback from the output of the variable phase shift circuit is provided to sustain oscillation of the crystal. Unity gain in the loop is maintained by adjusting the gain of the variable gain amplifier in accordance with the DC value of the output signal, provided by a precision rectifier (34). As the DC value of the output signal changes due to changes in damping or energy loss of the crystal, an absolute value circuit (38) responds by providing a phase control signal for adjusting the phase of the periodic signal to compensate for changes in damping. The output signal of the oscillator is thus controlled at a constant amplitude, with substantially reduced frequency shift.

Abstract translation: 其中补偿了阻尼变化的晶体振荡器以及用于使这种振荡器的输出信号与阻尼变化去耦的方法。 阻尼解耦振荡器包括石英晶体（10），其产生与可变增益放大器（18）和可变相移电路（22）串联连接的周期信号。 来自可变相移电路的输出的反馈被提供以维持晶体的振荡。 通过根据由精密整流器（34）提供的输出信号的DC值调节可变增益放大器的增益来维持回路中的单位增益。 随着输出信号的DC值由于晶体的阻尼或能量损失的变化而变化，绝对值电路（38）通过提供用于调整周期信号的相位的相位控制信号进行响应，以补偿阻尼的变化。 因此振荡器的输出信号被控制在恒定幅度，而频移显着降低。