Dehydration and amination of alpha-, beta-dihydroxy carbonyl compounds to alpha-amino acids

    公开(公告)号:US11414376B2

    公开(公告)日:2022-08-16

    申请号:US17046730

    申请日:2019-04-02

    Abstract: Processes are disclosed for the synthesis of an α-amino acid or α-amino acid derivative, from a starting compound or substrate having a carbonyl functional group (C═O), with hydroxy-substituted carbon atoms at alpha (α) and beta (β) positions, relative to the carbonyl functional group. According a particular embodiment, an α-, β-dihydroxy carboxylic acid or carboxylate is dehydrated to form a dicarbonyl intermediate by transformation of the α-hydroxy group to a second carbonyl group (adjacent a carbonyl group of the starting compound) and removal of the β-hydroxy group. The dicarbonyl intermediate is optionally cracked to form a second, in this case cracked, dicarbonyl intermediate having fewer carbon atoms relative to the dicarbonyl intermediate but preserving the first and second carbonyl groups. Either or both of the dicarbonyl intermediate and the cracked dicarbonyl intermediate may be aminated to convert the second carbonyl group to an amino (—NH2) group, for producing the corresponding α-amino acid(s).

    Process for making esters of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid

    公开(公告)号:US11078174B2

    公开(公告)日:2021-08-03

    申请号:US16622713

    申请日:2018-06-20

    Abstract: A process is provided for making esters of FDCA, in which an aqueous feed comprising glucaric acid is first reacted with a high boiling first alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst and with removing water during the reaction, to form a first product mixture comprising a first ester of FDCA and the high boiling first alcohol, then unreacted high boiling first alcohol is removed from the first product mixture. The first ester of FDCA and the high boiling first alcohol is then transesterified with a lower boiling second alcohol selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and n-propanol, to form a second product mixture comprising a second ester of FDCA with the lower boiling second alcohol, and the second ester of FDCA with the lower boiling second alcohol is recovered.

    NOVEL THICKENING COMPOSITIONS BASED ON STARCH

    公开(公告)号:US20210195928A1

    公开(公告)日:2021-07-01

    申请号:US16071593

    申请日:2017-06-06

    Abstract: Dysphagia patients face a number of challenges nutritionally because of their difficulty swallowing. Certain foods may be avoided altogether for fear of choking, and liquids are often avoided for fear of aspiration, so that dysphagia patients are at risk for both malnutrition and dehydration. Despite the technology of food administration to patients, there is a need to have a composition that can effectively alleviate patient swallowing difficulty and provide convenient, quick last minute meals for dysphagia patients that delivers nutrition. The invention concerns the use of a composition comprising a homogenized, comminuted pulse product, and at least one selected from the group consisting of a chemically unmodified starch and a hydrocolloid for the treatment of a patient having dysphagia.

    COLOR STABILIZATION OF MONOMERS AND OTHER REACTANTS FOR FORMING BIO-BASED POLYMERS

    公开(公告)号:US20210130311A1

    公开(公告)日:2021-05-06

    申请号:US17252964

    申请日:2019-06-18

    Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for the production of bio-based polymers (e.g., polymers made from glucose), including polyesters, as well as end products resulting from such production, in which one or more color stabilizing additive compounds is utilized. The additive(s) may be used in the stabilization of a monomer or prepolymer that is reacted in such production methods, prior to obtaining the polymer. Particular bio-based polymers are those having furandicarboxylate moieties or residues in their backbone structure, with poly(alkylene furan dicarboxylate) polymers, such as polyethylene furan dicarboxylate) (PEF) and poly(trimethylene furan dicarboxylate) (PTF) being representative.

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