Abstract:
An anti-copy film or layer for originals or documents comprises according to the invention transparent film material having a multiplicity of at least partially opaque and possibly reflective areas arranged at distances from one another which are arranged as screens on the film surfaces essentially in horizontal planes, in particular parallel to one another, but offset, so that information on an original lying under this film or layer is masked in an approximately vertical viewing direction and is visible in the direction of a predefined viewing angle. Expedient production methods enable the use of photographic techniques.
Abstract:
The magnetic recording medium consists essentially of a polymeric substrate, a coherent, magnetic thin metal film applied to the surface of the substrate by a PVD method and, if required, a protective layer formed on the thin metal film. In order to achieve a large residual induction component in the plane of the film, in particular high residual induction in the transverse direction, the thin metal film contains a noble gas or noble gas mixture, preferably argon. During the coating of the polymeric substrate with the magnetic metal or with the magnetic alloy, the noble gas is fed directly and preferably tangentially to the substrate surface at a specific noble gas flow of from 1.0.multidot.10.sup.4 to 6.0.multidot.10.sup.4. In the plane of the thin metal film, the ratio of residual induction in the longitudinal direction to that in the transverse direction is from about 0.9 to about 1.8.
Abstract:
An anticopying film (2) for covering documents (1) appears opaque in vertical plan view (5) as a result of total reflection for protection against copying and appears transparent in the oblique viewing direction (6), the film having an irregular sawtooth structure (3). This makes it virtually impossible to produce an identical second film with the aid of which, by placing said second film on top, the effect of the anticopying film (2) might be eliminated.
Abstract:
In a sheet-like, multilayer, magneto-optical recording material which has a base which is transparent to light, a thermally alterable recording layer of an amorphous lanthanide transition metal alloy and, on the base remote side of this recording layer, an anticorrosion layer containing carbides, nitrides and/or oxides, the anticorrosion layer(a) is from 30 to 250 nm thick and(b) consists of two or more components which(c) are present in four or more separate strata, each consisting of one of the components,(d) one or more of the components being selected from the group consisting of the elements boron, aluminum, silicon, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum and tungsten and(e) one or more of the other components being selected from the group consisting of the carbides, nitrides and oxides of these elements (d) and(f) directly adjacent strata always consisting of components which differ from one another.
Abstract:
A magneto-optical recording element comprising a film (C) consisting essentially of multiple separate carbide, nitride and/or oxide layers is produced on a surface to be covered by a process comprising the following steps:(I) application of a 30-500 nm thick film (C.sub.1) via the gas phase to the relevant surface to be covered, the said film (C.sub.1) having the following specifications:(C.sub.11) the film (C.sub.1) consists of two or more components;(C.sub.12) the said components are present in three or more separate elements and element carbide, nitride and oxide layers, each consisting of one or more of the said components;(C.sub.13) the components of the said element layers are selected from the group consisting of boron, aluminum, gallium, indium, silicon, germanium, tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, magnesium, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, iron, cobalt, zinc, cadmium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymnium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium and thorium;(C.sub.14) the components of the said element carbide, nitride and oxide layers are selected from the group consisting of the carbides, nitrides and oxides of the said elements (C.sub.13);(C.sub.15) directly adjacent layers consisting of carbides, nitrides and/or oxides (C.sub.14) differ in composition from one another;(C.sub.16) two or more of the said layers (C.sub.14) are separated from one another by one or more 0.1-30 nm thick layers consisting of one or more of the elements (C.sub. 13); and(C.sub.17) that layer which is directly adjacent to the recording layer or which faces it is always one of the said layers (C.sub.14), by carrying out the following two process steps several times:(I1) application of one or more of the said layers (C.sub.14) to the relevant surface via the gas phase and(I2) application of one or more of the element layers (C.sub.13) to the surface of the layer (C.sub.14) produced beforehand,resulting in the said film (C.sub.1), followed by(II) reaction of the film (C hd 1) with reactants selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and carbon, resulting in the said film (C).
Abstract:
A mixture which comprises a) from 5 to 95% by weight of a copolymer A which comprises one or more copolymer blocks (B/S)A each composed of from 65 to 95% by weight of vinylaromatic monomers and from 35 to 5% by weight of dienes and of a glass transition temperature TgA in the range from 40° to 90° C., b) from 95 to 5% by weight of a block copolymer B which comprises at least one hard block S composed of from 95 to 100% by weight of vinylaromatic monomers and of from 0 to 5 by weight of dienes, and comprises one or more copolymer blocks (B/S)A each composed of from 65 to 95% by weight of vinylaromatic monomers and of from 35 to 5% by weight of dienes and of a glass transition temperature TgA in the range from 40° to 90° C., and comprises one or more copolymer blocks (B/S)B each composed of from 20 to 60% by weight of vinylaromatic monomers and of from 80 to 40% by weight of dienes and of a glass transition temperature TgB in the range from −70° to 0° C., c) from 0 to 45% by weight of thermoplastic polymers C other than A and B, and d) from 0 to 6% by weight of processing aids D, where the entirety of A to D gives 100% by weight, and its use for the production of shrink films.
Abstract:
A mixture which comprisesa) from 5 to 95% by weight of a copolymer A which comprises one or more copolymer blocks (B/S)A each composed of from 65 to 95% by weight of vinylaromatic monomers and from 35 to 5% by weight of dienes and of a glass transition temperature TgA in the range from 40° to 90° C.,b) from 95 to 5% by weight of a block copolymer B which comprises at least one hard block S composed of from 95 to 100% by weight of vinylaromatic monomers and of from 0 to 5 by weight of dienes, and comprises one or more copolymer blocks (B/S)A each composed of from 65 to 95% by weight of vinylaromatic monomers and of from 35 to 5% by weight of dienes and of a glass transition temperature TgA in the range from 40° to 90° C., and comprises one or more copolymer blocks (B/S)B each composed of from 20 to 60% by weight of vinylaromatic monomers and of from 80 to 40% by weight of dienes and of a glass transition temperature TgB in the range from −70° to 0° C.,c) from 0 to 45% by weight of thermoplastic polymers C other than A and B, andd) from 0 to 6% by weight of processing aids D,where the entirety of A to D gives 100% by weight, and its use for the production of shrink films.
Abstract:
A multicoat system on a substrate, comprising at least one radiation-curable coating system (F) and at least one elastic intercoat (D) which is located between substrate and radiation-curable coating system (F) and has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of −20° C. or less.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing functionalized isotactic polystyrene, functionalized isotactic polystyrene which can be prepared by the process of the invention, the use of the functionalized isotactic polystyrene of the invention as macromonomer, a process for preparing a macroinitiator, a macroinitiator which can be prepared by the abovementioned process, the use of the macroinitiator for controlled free-radical polymerization, the use of the functionalized isotactic polystyrene of the invention as macromonomer, preferably in copolymerization with olefins, ROMP with cycloolefins or for coupling with silicone segments, a process for epoxidizing the functionalized isotactic polystyrene of the invention, epoxidized isotactic polystyrene which can be prepared by the abovementioned process and a process for preparing soft thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) by metathesis polymerization of the functionalized isotactic polystyrene of the invention with suitable polymers which have terminal double bonds and soft thermoplastic elastomers which can be prepared by the process of the invention.
Abstract:
The novel polycrystalline, unoriented or X-ray amorphous carbide, oxide and/or nitride ceramics which have the elemental composition I ##STR1## where M is at least one element from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, thorium, scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, rhenium, iron, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, copper, zinc, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, boron, aluminum, gallium, indium, thallium, tin, lead, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and tellurium and x is from 0.01 to 0.7, can be used, in the form of thin layers, as diffusion barriers, anticorrosion layers or interference layers, for protecting surfaces from mechanical abrasion or for protecting magneto-optical recording layers from corrosion. These novel thin polycrystalline, unoriented or X-ray amorphous layers of germanium ceramics can be prepared with the aid of reactive sputtering or reactive magnetron sputtering of a target which consists of the abovementioned elemental composition I.