摘要:
A photoconductor includes a conductive substrate, an undercoat layer on the substrate, and at least one photosensitive layer on the undercoat layer. The radius of vacancy type defects in each of the photosensitive layer and in the undercoat layer is o.4 nm or less. In one embodiment, the radius of vacancy type defects is measured by a positron annihilation method.
摘要:
On a vehicle, a converter converting and outputting a voltage, an inverter converting DC power output from the converter to AC power, and a motor driven by AC power supplied from the inverter are mounted. A control device for this vehicle controls the inverter in a control mode selected in accordance with a degree of modulation of the inverter, selects a target control mode of the inverter, and varies an output voltage from the converter such that a degree of modulation of the inverter varies until the control mode switches to the target control mode when a current control mode is different from the target control mode.
摘要:
A converter controls a system voltage, which is a DC link voltage of an inverter, in accordance with a voltage command value. The inverter outputs a rectangular wave voltage having the system voltage as amplitude to an AC motor during application of rectangular wave voltage control. During application of rectangular wave voltage control, a voltage command value for the system voltage is modified such that a current phase on a d-q plane of the AC motor is brought closer to a target current phase line. The target current phase line is set on an advance side relative to an optimal current phase line which is a set of current phases at which output torque is maximized for the same amplitude of a motor current in the AC motor.
摘要:
A non-magnetic concrete structure having no magnetism or a very small magnetic permeability without reinforcing steel bars arranged, a sidewall for a guideway, and a method for installing the sidewall for the guideway are provided. The reinforcing steel bars-free sidewall 11 for the guideway 10 is constructed by using a non-magnetic concrete structure constructed by using a fiber-reinforced cement-based mixed material and having no reinforcing steel bars therein. The fiber-reinforced cement-based mixed material is produced by mixing non-metallic fibers or non-magnetic metal fibers into a cement-based matrix in a mixing amount of 1 to 4% for an entire volume of the cement-based matrix. The cement-based matrix is obtained by mixing a composition with water. The above composition is composed of cement, aggregate grains having a maximum grain diameter of not more than 2.5 mm, pozzolanic reaction particles having particle diameters of not more than 15 μm and supper plasticizer. The fiber-reinforced cement-based mixed material has mechanical properties: a compressive strength of not less than 150 N/mm2 and a tensile strength of not less than 5 N/mm2.
摘要翻译:提供了一种无磁性的非磁性混凝土结构,或者没有设置加强钢筋的非常小的磁导率,用于导轨的侧壁和用于安装导轨侧壁的方法。 用于导轨10的加强钢筋无侧壁11通过使用通过使用纤维增强的水泥基混合材料并且在其中不具有加强钢筋的非磁性混凝土结构构成。 纤维增强水泥基混合材料是通过将非金属纤维或非磁性金属纤维混合到基于水泥的基体中,混合量为1至4%,用于整个体积的水泥基基体。 通过将组合物与水混合获得水泥基基质。 上述组合物由水泥,最大粒径不大于2.5mm的骨料组成,粒径不大于15μm的火山灰反应颗粒和超级增塑剂组成。 纤维增强水泥基混合材料具有机械性能:抗压强度不小于150N / mm 2,拉伸强度不小于5N / mm 2, SUP>。
摘要:
An electrophotographic photoconductor includes a photosensitive layer on a conductive substrate. The photosensitive layer contains a pigment that consists of crystallites composed of molecules having a titanylphthalocyanine structure, wherein a crystallite diameter of the pigment is not smaller than 20 nm and a primary particle diameter of the pigment is not larger than 500 nm.
摘要:
An optical storage medium that is compatible with a semiconductor laser having a beam with a short wavelength (i.e. between 500 and 700 nm), which includes a highly stable dye layer. The optical storage medium of the invention includes an optically transparent substrate having at least one major surface on which at least one groove is formed, a storage layer on the substrate and a metal reflection layer on the storage layer. The storage layer contains a composite consisting of from about 3 weight % to about 30 weight % of a metal complex compound and a cyanine dye. The cyanine dye absorbs light in the wavelength between 500 and 700 nm, and has an asymmetric molecular structure. The optical storage medium of the invention reduces jitter components in high density data storage and conforms to DVD specifications.
摘要:
An optical recording medium includes a substrate having light transmission properties, which has laminated on a main surface thereof a recording layer and a metal reflection layer. The recording layer is made of a compounded organic dye thin film which contains a specified aromatic amine compound in an amount of not smaller than 3% by weight but below 30% by weight based on the total weight of the recording layer and a specified asymmetric cyanine dye having absorption to light having a wavelength of 500 to 700 nm in an amount of not smaller than 30% by weight but below 97% by weight based on the total weight of the recording layer. The recording layer is applicable to a short-wavelength (500 to 700 nm) semiconductor laser so that an optical recording medium according to the DVD-ROM standards having excellent stability of the dye film and allowing a decrease in jitter component upon high density recording.
摘要:
Both a cavity plate and a vibrating plate are made of polyether imide resin, and a polysulfone resin film having a thickness of 3 .mu.m is formed on one or both of the joining faces of the plates. The melt temperature of polysulfone resin is about 190.degree. C., and the heat deformation temperature of polyether imide resin is about 200.degree. C. When the cavity plate and the vibrating plate are contacted with each other through the polysulfone resin films and then heated at 190.degree. C. for one hour, therefore, the polysulfone resin films are fused to become a fused layer so that the plates are firmly joined. Since the heat deformation temperature of the cavity plate is 200.degree. C. which is higher by 10.degree. C. than the melt temperature (190.degree. C.) of the polysulfone resin films, the fusion does not cause ink flow paths of nozzles, etc. to be heat-deformed.
摘要:
Fluctuations in output of an AC electric motor are restrained without increasing electromagnetic noise of a boost converter. When subjecting the AC electric motor to rectangular wave voltage control, output torque T is controlled by varying a voltage phase φv. In a region where a voltage phase is large (φv=θ2), fluctuations in torque T relative to changes in a DC voltage VH corresponding to the amplitude of a rectangular wave voltage are larger than in a region where the voltage phase is small (φv=θ1). The AC electric motor is controlled such that the rectangular wave voltage control in a region where voltage phase φv is larger than a limit-phase line PLN indicated by a set of limit phases set for each DC voltage VH is avoided.
摘要翻译:在不增加升压转换器的电磁噪声的情况下,可以抑制交流电动机输出的波动。 当对交流电动机进行矩形波电压控制时,通过改变电压相位来控制输出转矩T。 在电压相位大的区域(&phgr; v =η 2)中,与矩形波电压的振幅对应的直流电压VH相对于变化的转矩T的波动大于电压相位 是小(&phgr; v =&thetas; 1)。 控制交流电动机,使得在电压相位v大于由针对每个直流电压VH设定的一组极限相指示的极限相线PLN的区域中的矩形波电压控制被避免。
摘要:
A non-magnetic concrete structure having no magnetism or a very small magnetic permeability without reinforcing steel bars arranged, a sidewall for a guideway, and a method for installing the sidewall for the guideway are provided.The reinforcing steel bars-free sidewall 11 for the guideway 10 is constructed by using a non-magnetic concrete structure constructed by using a fiber-reinforced cement-based mixed material and having no reinforcing steel bars therein. The fiber-reinforced cement-based mixed material is produced by mixing non-metallic fibers or non-magnetic metal fibers into a cement-based matrix in a mixing amount of 1 to 4% for an entire volume of the cement-based matrix. The cement-based matrix is obtained by mixing a composition with water. The above composition is composed of cement, aggregate grains having a maximum grain diameter of not more than 2.5 mm, pozzolanic reaction particles having particle diameters of not more than 15 μm and supper plasticizer. The fiber-reinforced cement-based mixed material has mechanical properties: a compressive strength of not less than 150 N/mm2 and a tensile strength of not less than 5 N/mm2.