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    Periodic thermal poling of waveguides for quasi phase matching
    11.
    发明授权
    Periodic thermal poling of waveguides for quasi phase matching 失效
    用于准相位匹配的波导的周期热极化

    公开(公告)号：US06831776B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-12-14

    申请号：US10051153

    申请日：2002-01-22

    Applicant: Gabriele Bonfrate ,  Petr Georgevich Kazansky ,  Valerio Pruneri

    Inventor： Gabriele Bonfrate ,  Petr Georgevich Kazansky ,  Valerio Pruneri

    IPC: G02F1365

    CPC classification number: G02F1/365 ,  G02F1/3534 ,  G02F1/3555 ,  G02F1/3558 ,  G02F1/3775 ,  G02F1/383 ,  G02F1/395 ,  G02F2001/3548

    Abstract: A method of creating a varying second order non-linearity profile along a waveguide, comprising: providing a waveguide structure with a waveguiding core and a surface adjacent to the waveguiding core; structuring the surface to produce a structured surface defining a varying distance between the structured surface and the waveguiding core along the waveguide; and thermally poling the waveguide structure to generate a varying second order non-linearity profile along the waveguide-derived from the varying distance between the structured surface and the waveguiding core. By the surface structuring the modulation of the second order non-linearly induced by the thermal poling can be enhanced. The waveguide structures can be used for making a variety of quasi-phase-matched (QPM) devices.

    Abstract translation: 一种沿着波导产生变化的二阶非线性分布的方法，包括：提供具有波导芯和波导核心相邻表面的波导结构; 构造表面以产生限定沿着波导的结构化表面和波导芯之间的变化距离的结构化表面; 并且热极化波导结构以沿着波导产生变化的二阶非线性分布，该轮廓源自结构化表面和波导核心之间的变化距离。 通过表面构造，可以提高由热极化引起的非线性二阶调制。 波导结构可用于制造各种准相位匹配（QPM）器件。

    Periodic optical poling of waveguides for quasi phase matching
    12.
    发明授权
    Periodic optical poling of waveguides for quasi phase matching 失效
    用于准相位匹配的波导的周期性光学极化

    公开(公告)号：US06751386B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-06-15

    申请号：US10051052

    申请日：2002-01-22

    Applicant: Gabriele Bonfrate ,  Petr Georgevich Kazansky ,  Valerio Pruneri

    Inventor： Gabriele Bonfrate ,  Petr Georgevich Kazansky ,  Valerio Pruneri

    IPC: G02B600

    CPC classification number: G02F1/365 ,  G02F1/3534 ,  G02F1/3555 ,  G02F1/3558 ,  G02F1/3775 ,  G02F1/383 ,  G02F1/395 ,  G02F2001/3548

    Abstract: A method of and apparatus for creating a second order non-linearity profile along a waveguide. The method comprises: thermally poling a waveguide structure to generate a second order non-linearity; placing a mask adjacent to the waveguide structure; and exposing the waveguide structure with UV light through the mask to selectively erase the second order non-linearity along the waveguide structure. The mask may be an amplitude mask or phase mask. In a preferred embodiment an amplitude mask is used in combination with an incoherent UV light source to produce selective erasure of a thermally poled second order non-linearity. Apparatus for carrying out this method and devices based on waveguide structure fabricated using the method are also described.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于沿着波导产生二阶非线性分布的方法和装置。 该方法包括：热极化波导结构以产生二阶非线性; 将掩模放置在与波导结构相邻的位置; 以及通过所述掩模将所述波导结构用UV光曝光以沿着所述波导结构选择性地擦除所述二阶非线性。 掩模可以是幅度掩模或相位掩模。 在优选实施例中，振幅掩模与非相干UV光源组合使用以产生热极化二阶非线性的选择性擦除。 还描述了用于实施该方法的装置和使用该方法制造的基于波导结构的装置。

    APPARATUS FOR MEASURING LIGHT SCATTERING
    13.
    发明申请
    APPARATUS FOR MEASURING LIGHT SCATTERING 有权
    用于测量光散射的装置

    公开(公告)号：US20150219555A1

    公开(公告)日：2015-08-06

    申请号：US14616062

    申请日：2015-02-06

    Applicant: Valerio PRUNERI ,  Pedro Antonio MARTÍNEZ CORDERO ,  Marc JOFRE CRUANYES

    Inventor： Valerio PRUNERI ,  Pedro Antonio MARTÍNEZ CORDERO ,  Marc JOFRE CRUANYES

    IPC: G01N21/47 ,  G01N21/84

    CPC classification number: G01N21/47 ,  G01N21/4738 ,  G01N21/534 ,  G01N21/57 ,  G01N2021/555 ,  G01N2021/556 ,  G01N2201/0407

    Abstract: Apparatus for measuring light scattering of a sample comprising a light beam source, means for collimating the beam and making it impinge on the sample in a perpendicular direction, at least one light sensor, and at least one spatial filter between the sample and the optical sensor, provided with two apertures, means for measuring the total power reaching the sensor and means for measuring the power of beams with a low k vector after the beam traverses the filter. The invention provides thus a simplified, portable and compact device for measuring different parameters like haze, turbidity, etc. can be built, for any sample and without the need of changing detectors.

    Abstract translation: 用于测量包括光束源的样品的光散射的装置，用于准直光束并使其沿垂直方向撞击在样品上的装置，至少一个光传感器以及样品和光学传感器之间的至少一个空间滤光器 设置有两个孔，用于测量到达传感器的总功率的装置和用于在光束穿过滤光器之后用低k矢量测量光束的功率的装置。 因此，本发明提供了一种用于测量诸如雾度，浊度等不同参数的简化，便携和紧凑的装置，可用于任何样品并且不需要改变检测器。

    Method to prepare a stable transparent electrode
    14.
    发明授权
    Method to prepare a stable transparent electrode 有权
    制备稳定透明电极的方法

    公开(公告)号：US08623153B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-01-07

    申请号：US12997011

    申请日：2009-06-10

    Applicant: Valerio Pruneri ,  Luis Martinez Montblanch ,  Stefano Giurgola ,  Paolo Vergani

    Inventor： Valerio Pruneri ,  Luis Martinez Montblanch ,  Stefano Giurgola ,  Paolo Vergani

    IPC: H01L31/0224 ,  C23C8/10

    CPC classification number: H01L31/022408 ,  H01L33/42

    Abstract: The present application discloses a method for producing a stable ultra thin metal film that comprises the following steps: a) deposition, on a substrate, of an ultra thin metal film, such as an ultra thin film of nickel, chromium, aluminum, or titanium; b) thermal treatment of the ultra thin metal film, optionally in combination with an O2 treatment; and c) obtaining a protective oxide layer on top of the ultra thin metal film.

    Abstract translation: 本申请公开了一种制造稳定的超薄金属膜的方法，包括以下步骤：a）在基材上沉积镍，铬，铝或钛的超薄金属膜 ; b）超薄金属膜的热处理，任选地与O 2处理组合; 以及c）在所述超薄金属膜的顶部获得保护性氧化物层。

    All-optical fiber interferometer
    15.
    发明授权
    All-optical fiber interferometer 有权
    全光纤干涉仪

    公开(公告)号：US07936461B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-05-03

    申请号：US11962430

    申请日：2007-12-21

    Applicant: Agustin Joel Villatoro ,  Valerio Pruneri ,  Goncal Badenes

    Inventor： Agustin Joel Villatoro ,  Valerio Pruneri ,  Goncal Badenes

    IPC: G01B9/02

    CPC classification number: G02B6/29352 ,  G01B9/02049 ,  G02B6/02338 ,  G02B6/02376 ,  G02B6/2551 ,  Y10T29/49826

    Abstract: A compact and stable interferometer is easily built only with fusion splices. The air-holes of a microstructured fiber are intentionally collapsed in the vicinity of the splices and this broadens the propagating optical mode, allowing coupling from core to cladding modes. The transmission spectrum is sinusoidal and of single frequency, indicating predominant interference between the fundamental core mode (7) and a cladding mode (6). A regular interference spectrum can be observed from 650 nm to 1600 nm with fringe visibility reaching 80%. The fringe spacing is inversely proportional to the distance between the splices. This behavior has a significant impact in optical sensing and communications and so the interferometer can be applied for strain sensing. The device comprises two splices (5) of a microstructured optical fiber (1), said splices (5) determining two regions in which the air-holes (4) are collapsed, separated a length (L) along which said two modes are excited.

    Abstract translation: 紧凑而稳定的干涉仪只能使用熔接。 微结构纤维的气孔在接头附近被有意地折叠，并且这扩大了传播光学模式，允许从芯到包层模式的耦合。 透射光谱是正弦波和单频，表示基本核心模式（7）和包层模式（6）之间的主要干扰。 可以观察到从650nm到1600nm的常规干涉光谱，边缘可见度达到80％。 边缘间距与接头之间的距离成反比。 这种行为对光学感测和通信具有重要的影响，因此干涉仪可以应用于应变感测。 该装置包括微结构光纤（1）的两个接头（5），所述接头（5）确定空气孔（4）塌陷的两个区域，分离出两个模式被激励的长度（L） 。

    Electro-optic devices, including modulators and switches
    16.
    发明授权
    Electro-optic devices, including modulators and switches 失效
    电光设备，包括调制器和开关

    公开(公告)号：US07088874B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-08-08

    申请号：US10671165

    申请日：2003-09-25

    Applicant: Valerio Pruneri ,  Michele Belmonte ,  Massimo Orio

    Inventor： Valerio Pruneri ,  Michele Belmonte ,  Massimo Orio

    IPC: G02F1/035

    CPC classification number: G02F1/2255 ,  G02F1/3558 ,  G02F2001/212 ,  G02F2201/122 ,  G02F2201/127

    Abstract: An electro-optical device capable of modulating the amplitude or phase of an optical output in response to an electrical data or control signal, or of switching it, has reduced frequency-dependence and a better combination of operating voltage and bandwidth. It comprises a body of electro-optically active material, waveguides for passing light through the body, and electrodes for applying an electric field with a frequency in the microwave region to the body, and its transverse geometry is such as to maintain adequate phase velocity matching between optical and microwave frequencies. There is a discontinuity in either the body or at least one of the electrodes such that the direction of the electro-optic effect is reversed for a portion of the length of the device at or near its downstream end.The result of such a discontinuity (in combination with phase velocity matching) is that the device operates in three successive zones: in the upstream zone, desirable phase change is induced for all frequencies in the bandwidth of the device; in the middle zone, desirable phase change is induced for frequencies in the upper part of the bandwidth, but phase change in the lower frequencies becomes excessive; while in the downstream zone, there is no significant phase change in the higher frequencies but the excess change at lower frequencies is reversed.

    Abstract translation: 能够响应于电数据或控制信号调制光输出的幅度或相位或者对其进行切换的电光装置具有降低的频率依赖性和更好的组合工作电压和带宽。 它包括一个电光活性材料体，用于使光通过本体的波导和用于将微波区域中频率的电场施加到身体的电极，并且其横向几何形状保持足够的相速度匹配 在光学和微波频率之间。 在主体或至少一个电极中存在不连续性，使得在其下游端处或其下游端处的器件的长度的一部分，电光效应的方向被反转。

    Unipolar electrical to CSRZ optical converter
    17.
    发明授权
    Unipolar electrical to CSRZ optical converter 失效
    单极电气到CSRZ光转换器

    公开(公告)号：US06842125B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-01-11

    申请号：US10435981

    申请日：2003-05-12

    Applicant: John C. Mauro ,  Salvatore Morasca ,  Valerio Pruneri ,  Srikanth Raghavan

    Inventor： John C. Mauro ,  Salvatore Morasca ,  Valerio Pruneri ,  Srikanth Raghavan

    IPC: H03M7/02 ,  H04B10/155 ,  H03M7/12

    CPC classification number: H04J14/08 ,  H03M7/02 ,  H04B10/505 ,  H04B10/508

    Abstract: A conversion method for converting a unipolar voltage data stream into a carrier-suppressed return-to-zero (CSRZ) optical data stream includes modulating a continuous optical wave with an encoded nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) voltage data stream for providing a CSRZ optical data stream of full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) pulse width less than one-half of the transition time of the encoded nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) voltage data stream between logical states for a reduced pulse width. The modulating circuit is either a duobinary modulator driven with a swing of ±2Vπ or an optical time domain multiplexed plurality of nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) modulators with phase shifting and differential encoding.

    Abstract translation: 将单极性电压数据流转换为载波抑制归零（CSRZ）光数据流的转换方法包括用编码的非归零（NRZ）电压数据流调制连续光波，以提供CSRZ 半宽度（FWHM）脉冲宽度的光学数据流小于在减小的脉冲宽度的逻辑状态之间编码的非返回到零（NRZ）电压数据流的转换时间的一半。 调制电路是以±2Vpi的摆幅驱动的双二进制调制器或具有相移和差分编码的光时域多路复用多个非归零（NRZ）调制器。

    Optical parametric devices and methods for making same
    18.
    发明授权
    Optical parametric devices and methods for making same 失效
    光学参数化设备及其制作方法

    公开(公告)号：US06801356B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-10-05

    申请号：US09986363

    申请日：2001-11-08

    Applicant: Neil Broderick ,  Valerio Pruneri ,  David Richardson ,  Tanya Monro

    Inventor： Neil Broderick ,  Valerio Pruneri ,  David Richardson ,  Tanya Monro

    IPC: G02F1365

    CPC classification number: G02B6/0208 ,  G02B6/02142 ,  G02B6/02214 ,  G02B6/02333 ,  G02B6/02338 ,  G02B6/02347 ,  G02B6/02357 ,  G02B6/0239 ,  G02F1/0115 ,  G02F1/3775 ,  G02F1/383 ,  G02F1/395 ,  G02F2001/3546 ,  G02F2202/07 ,  G02F2202/32

    Abstract: An optical parametric device for broadband parametric processes involving first and second frequencies &ohgr;1 and &ohgr;2. The device comprises an optical fiber comprising a core and a cladding, the cladding being microstructured with holes for providing waveguiding confinement of at least one optical mode in the core. The optical fiber is poled lengthwise with a non-linearity profile having a period that satisfies a quasi phase matching (QPM) condition including the first and second frequencies. Through the use of a poled holey fiber of suitable hole structure, it is possible to increase the second harmonic (SH) efficiency in comparison with poled conventional (non-holey) fiber. This is achieved by a combination of a low mode overlap area between the fundamental and SH waves, a low absolute value of the mode area, and a large SH bandwidth per unit length of the fiber, all of which can be provided together in a poled holey fiber.

    Abstract translation: 涉及第一和第二频率ω1和ω2的宽带参数过程的光学参数设备。 该装置包括一个包括一个芯和一个包层的光纤，该包层被微结构化，具有用于在芯中提供至少一个光学模式的波导管理的孔。 光纤被长度方向极化，其非线性分布具有满足包括第一和第二频率的准相位匹配（QPM）条件的周期。 通过使用合适的孔结构的极化多孔纤维，与极化的常规（无孔）光纤相比，可以提高二次谐波（SH）效率。 这通过在基波和SH波之间的低模式重叠区域，模式区域的低绝对值和每单位长度的光纤的大的SH带宽的组合来实现，所有这些可以一起提供在极化 多孔纤维。

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