公开(公告)号：US11777567B2

公开(公告)日：2023-10-03

申请号：US17653641

申请日：2022-03-04

Applicant: Aptiv Technologies Limited

Inventor： Zhengzheng Li ,  Yu Zhang ,  Shuimei Zhang ,  Xin Zhang

IPC: H04B7/0456 ,  H04B17/11 ,  H04B17/21

CPC classification number: H04B7/0486 ,  H04B17/11 ,  H04B17/21

Abstract: This document describes techniques and systems for independent transmit and receive channel calibration for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. Antenna responses are collected from each virtual channel of a MIMO system at an angle respective to an object. The transmit components and the receive components of the virtual channels are separated and organized into vectors (one for the transmit components and one for the receive components). Calibration values for elements of the vectors are computed and maintained in a transmit calibration matrix and a receive calibration matrix, respectively. Together, the transmit calibration matrix and the receive calibration matrix may include fewer elements than a calibration matrix for the virtual channels and, therefore, may require less memory and fewer computations to calibrate a MIMO system than using other calibration techniques. As such, described is a less expensive and less complex way to calibrate MIMO system by accurately approximating an ideal antenna array.

公开(公告)号：US20230243954A1

公开(公告)日：2023-08-03

申请号：US18189166

申请日：2023-03-23

Applicant: Aptiv Technologies Limited

Inventor： Zhengzheng Li ,  Xin Zhang ,  Yu Zhang

IPC: G01S13/87 ,  G01S13/931

CPC classification number: G01S13/872 ,  G01S13/878 ,  G01S13/931 ,  G01S2013/93271

Abstract: This document describes techniques and components of a radar system with a sparse primary array and a dense auxiliary array. Even with fewer antenna elements than a traditional radar system, an example radar system has a comparable angular resolution at a lower cost, lower complexity level, and without aliasing. The radar system includes a processor and antenna arrays that can receive electromagnetic energy reflected by one or more objects. The antenna arrays include a primary subarray and an auxiliary subarray. The auxiliary subarray includes multiple antenna elements with a smaller spacing than the antenna elements of the primary subarray. The processor can determine, using the received electromagnetic energy, first and second potential angles associated with the one or more objects. The processor then associates, using the first and second potential angles, respective angles associated with each of the one or more objects.

公开(公告)号：US20230204713A1

公开(公告)日：2023-06-29

申请号：US18173362

申请日：2023-02-23

Applicant: Aptiv Technologies Limited

Inventor： Yu Zhang ,  Le Zheng ,  Zhengzheng Li ,  Xin Zhang

IPC: G01S7/03 ,  G01S13/42 ,  G01S13/931

CPC classification number: G01S7/032 ,  G01S13/426 ,  G01S13/931 ,  G01S2013/0263

Abstract: This document describes techniques and systems of a radar system with modified orthogonal linear antenna subarrays and an angle-finding module. The described radar system includes a first one-dimensional (1D) (e.g., linear) subarray; a second 1D subarray positioned orthogonal to the first 1D subarray; and a two-dimensional (2D) subarray. Using electromagnetic energy received by the first 1D subarray and the second 2D subarray, azimuth angles and elevation angles associated with one or more objects can be determined. The radar system associates, using electromagnetic energy received by the 2D subarray, pairs of an azimuth angle and an elevation angle to the respective objects. In this way, the described systems and techniques can reduce the number of antenna elements while maintaining the angular resolution of a rectangular 2D array with similar aperture sizing.

公开(公告)号：US20220260708A1

公开(公告)日：2022-08-18

申请号：US17328912

申请日：2021-05-24

Applicant: Aptiv Technologies Limited

Inventor： Yu Zhang ,  Zhengzheng Li ,  Xin Zhang

IPC: G01S13/931

Abstract: This document describes techniques and systems of a radar system with an angle-finding process for sparse uniform arrays. The described radar system includes a processor and an antenna that can receive electromagnetic energy reflected by objects in the surrounding environment. The antenna includes a one-dimensional (1D) or two-dimensional (2D) sparse array. The processor can determine, using the received electromagnetic energy, a signal subspace associated with the objects that includes an invariance equation. Using an estimated solution to the invariance equation, the processor determines a solution to the invariance equation. The solution to the invariance equation is used to determine angular phases associated with the objects. The processor can then determine, using the angular phases, angles associated with the objects. In this way, the described angle-finding process enables the radar system with a sparse array to efficiently determine angles associated with objects without blind spots.

公开(公告)号：US20250035436A1

公开(公告)日：2025-01-30

申请号：US18360690

申请日：2023-07-27

Applicant: Aptiv Technologies Limited

Inventor： Xin Zhang ,  Stuart Rogers ,  Zhengzheng Li

IPC: G01B15/02 ,  G01S13/931

Abstract: Described herein is NLS using a bounded linear initial search space and a fixed grid with pre-calculated variables. An initial first elevation angle corresponding to a direct reflection from an object and an initial second elevation angle corresponding to a multi-path reflection from the object are received along with a grid comprising pre-calculated variables for each of a plurality of grid points. The initial elevation angle pair is then refined by, for a plurality of iterations, determining a closest grid point to a current elevation angle pair and performing a non-linear least squares iteration on the closest grid point using the pre-calculated variables for the closest grid point to determine a next elevation angle pair. When the iterations have converged, a height of the object is calculated based on a final elevation angle pair.

公开(公告)号：US20240413864A1

公开(公告)日：2024-12-12

申请号：US18331133

申请日：2023-06-07

Applicant: Aptiv Technologies Limited

Inventor： Zhengzheng Li ,  Shuimei Zhang ,  Yu Zhang ,  Xin Zhang

IPC: H04B7/0456

Abstract: This document describes techniques and systems for target testing based on raw uncalibrated radar data. Channel responses (e.g., Raw radar data) are obtained from a sensor having a Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna array. The channel responses, based on target detections, are arranged in a MIMO measurement matrix. The dominant singular values of the observation matrix are determined, and the quantity of dominant singular values is compared to the number of targets, either from prior information or estimated after calibration, in the FOV of the sensor. If the number of dominant singular values is different than the number of targets, either from prior information or estimated after calibration, then further analysis may be used to determine the cause of the difference. In this manner, potential damaged sensors or degradation from cover reflections may be identified, sensor status independent of calibration may be monitored, and calibration may be improved.

公开(公告)号：US20240103151A1

公开(公告)日：2024-03-28

申请号：US17933265

申请日：2022-09-19

Applicant: Aptiv Technologies Limited

Inventor： Yujie Gu ,  Xin Zhang ,  Zhengzheng Li ,  Yu Zhang

IPC: G01S13/42 ,  G01S7/02 ,  G01S13/931 ,  H01Q1/32

CPC classification number: G01S13/42 ,  G01S7/023 ,  G01S13/931 ,  H01Q1/3233 ,  G01S2013/0245

Abstract: This document describes techniques and systems of multiple-target, simultaneous beamforming for four-dimensional (4D) radar systems for efficient angle estimation in two dimensions with a high dynamic range. For example, a processor can use electromagnetic (EM) energy received by a two-dimensional (2D) array to determine first angles in a first dimension associated with one or more objects. The processor can then determine a subspace projection matrix using the first angles without an estimate of the power of noise or interference signals in the received EM energy. Using the subspace projection matrix, the processor can determine an interference-orthogonal subspace projection-based beamformer. With the interference-orthogonal subspace projection-based beamformer, the processor can determine the desired signal output from an adaptive beamformer for the EM energy and second angles corresponding to respective first angles for the objects.

公开(公告)号：US20220113399A1

公开(公告)日：2022-04-14

申请号：US17153788

申请日：2021-01-20

Applicant: Aptiv Technologies Limited

Inventor： Zhengzheng Li ,  Xin Zhang ,  Yu Zhang

IPC: G01S13/87 ,  G01S13/931

Abstract: This document describes techniques and components of a radar system with a sparse primary array and a dense auxiliary array. Even with fewer antenna elements than a traditional radar system, an example radar system has a comparable angular resolution at a lower cost, lower complexity level, and without aliasing. The radar system includes a processor and antenna arrays that can receive electromagnetic energy reflected by one or more objects. The antenna arrays include a primary subarray and an auxiliary subarray. The auxiliary subarray includes multiple antenna elements with a smaller spacing than the antenna elements of the primary subarray. The processor can determine, using the received electromagnetic energy, first and second potential angles associated with the one or more objects. The processor then associates, using the first and second potential angles, respective angles associated with each of the one or more objects.

公开(公告)号：US20250033644A1

公开(公告)日：2025-01-30

申请号：US18360682

申请日：2023-07-27

Applicant: Aptiv Technologies Limited

Inventor： Xin Zhang ,  Stuart Rogers ,  Zhengzheng Li

IPC: B60W40/02 ,  B60W60/00 ,  G06F18/2453

Abstract: Described herein is NLS using a bounded linear initial search space and a fixed grid with pre-calculated variables. Specifically, first and second signals with unknown first and second elevation angles, respectively, are received that have been reflected by an object, with the second signal also having been reflected off the ground. A line of second angles is then established as a function of first angles, a sensor height, and a range to the object. The first angles being bound by a function of the sensor height and the range and a function of the sensor height, the range, and the maximum height. A search algorithm is then used to search for an initial elevation angle pair along the line. The initial elevation angle pair may then be fed into a refinement algorithm (e.g., non-linear least squares) to determine the elevation angles associated with the first and second signals.

公开(公告)号：US11808846B2

公开(公告)日：2023-11-07

申请号：US17328912

申请日：2021-05-24

Applicant: Aptiv Technologies Limited

Inventor： Yu Zhang ,  Zhengzheng Li ,  Xin Zhang

IPC: G01S13/931

CPC classification number: G01S13/931

Abstract: This document describes techniques and systems of a radar system with an angle-finding process for sparse uniform arrays. The described radar system includes a processor and an antenna that can receive electromagnetic energy reflected by objects in the surrounding environment. The antenna includes a one-dimensional (1D) or two-dimensional (2D) sparse array. The processor can determine, using the received electromagnetic energy, a signal subspace associated with the objects that includes an invariance equation. Using an estimated solution to the invariance equation, the processor determines a solution to the invariance equation. The solution to the invariance equation is used to determine angular phases associated with the objects. The processor can then determine, using the angular phases, angles associated with the objects. In this way, the described angle-finding process enables the radar system with a sparse array to efficiently determine angles associated with objects without blind spots.