公开(公告)号：US5904709A

公开(公告)日：1999-05-18

申请号：US641045

申请日：1996-04-17

Applicant: G. Dickey Arndt ,  James R. Carl ,  George W. Raffoul ,  Antonio Pacifico

Inventor： G. Dickey Arndt ,  James R. Carl ,  George W. Raffoul ,  Antonio Pacifico

IPC: A61B18/14 ,  A61B18/18 ,  A61N1/06 ,  A61F2/00

CPC classification number: A61N1/06 ,  A61B18/1492 ,  A61B18/18 ,  A61B18/1815 ,  A61B18/1206 ,  A61B2018/00351 ,  A61B2018/00577 ,  A61B2018/00732 ,  A61B2018/00791 ,  A61B2018/1861

Abstract: Method and apparatus are provided for propagating microwave energy into heart tissues to produce a desired temperature profile therein at tissue depths sufficient for thermally ablating arrhythmogenic cardiac tissue to treat ventricular tachycardia and other arrhythmias while preventing excessive heating of surrounding tissues, organs, and blood. A wide bandwidth double-disk antenna (700) is effective for this purpose over a bandwidth of about six gigahertz. A computer simulation provides initial screening capabilities for an antenna such as antenna, frequency, power level, and power application duration. The simulation also allows optimization of techniques for specific patients or conditions. In operation, microwave energy between about 1 Gigahertz and 12 Gigahertz is applied to monopole microwave radiator (600) having a surface wave limiter (606). A test setup provides physical testing of microwave radiators (854) to determine the temperature profile created in actual heart tissue or ersatz heart tissue (841). Saline solution (872) pumped over the heart tissue (841) with a peristaltic pump (862) simulates blood flow. Optical temperature sensors (838) disposed at various tissue depths within the heart tissue (841) detect the temperature profile without creating any electromagnetic interference. The method may be used to produce a desired temperature profile in other body tissues reachable by catheter (510) such as tumors and the like.

Abstract translation: 提供的方法和装置用于将微波能量传播到心脏组织中以在组织深度处产生期望的温度曲线，该组织深度足以热消融致心律失常性心脏组织以治疗室性心动过速和其他心律不齐，同时防止周围组织，器官和血液的过度加热。 宽带宽双盘天线（700）在大约六千兆赫的带宽上对此有效。 计算机模拟提供天线的初始屏蔽能力，例如天线，频率，功率电平和功率应用持续时间。 该模拟还允许优化特定患者或病症的技术。 在操作中，在具有表面波限制器（606）的单极微波辐射器（600）上施加约1吉赫兹与12千赫兹之间的微波能量。 测试设置提供微波辐射器（854）的物理测试，以确定在实际心脏组织或ersatz心脏组织中产生的温度曲线（841）。 用蠕动泵（862）泵送在心脏组织（841）上的盐水溶液（872）模拟血流量。 设置在心脏组织（841）内的各种组织深度处的光学温度传感器（838）检测温度曲线，而不产生任何电磁干扰。 该方法可以用于在由诸如肿瘤等的导管（510）可到达的其他身体组织中产生期望的温度分布。

公开(公告)号：US5675259A

公开(公告)日：1997-10-07

申请号：US528069

申请日：1995-09-14

Applicant: G. Dickey Arndt ,  Thanh X. Nguyen ,  James R. Carl

Inventor： G. Dickey Arndt ,  Thanh X. Nguyen ,  James R. Carl

IPC: G01F1/66 ,  G01F1/74 ,  G01F23/284 ,  G01N22/00 ,  G01N33/28 ,  G01R27/26

CPC classification number: G01F23/284 ,  G01F1/66 ,  G01F1/74 ,  G01N33/2823

Abstract: Method and apparatus for making measurements on fluids related to their complex permeability are disclosed. A microwave probe is provided for exposure to the fluids. The probe can be non-intrusive or can also be positioned at the location where measurements are to be made. The impedance of the probe is determined, in part, by the complex dielectric constant of the fluids at the probe. A radio frequency signal is transmitted to the probe and the reflected signal is phase and amplitude detected at a rapid rate for the purpose of identifying the fluids. Multiple probes may be selectively positioned to monitor the behavior of the fluids including their flow rate. Fluids may be identified as between two or more different fluids as well as multiple phases of the same fluid based on differences between their complex permittivities.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于对与其复合渗透性相关的流体进行测量的方法和装置。 提供微波探头以暴露于流体。 探头可以是非侵入式的，也可以位于要进行测量的位置。 探针的阻抗部分地由探针上的流体的复介电常数确定。 射频信号被传送到探头，并且为了识别流体的目的，反射信号是快速检测的相位和幅度。 可以选择性地定位多个探针以监测流体的行为，包括其流速。 基于其复数介电常数之间的差异，流体可以被识别为两种或更多种不同流体之间以及相同流体的多个相。

公开(公告)号：US06866098B1

公开(公告)日：2005-03-15

申请号：US10288799

申请日：2002-10-30

Applicant: G. Dickey Arndt ,  James R. Carl ,  Kent A. Byerly ,  B. Jon Amini

Inventor： G. Dickey Arndt ,  James R. Carl ,  Kent A. Byerly ,  B. Jon Amini

IPC: G01S13/32 ,  G01S13/88 ,  G01V3/12 ,  E21B28/00

CPC classification number: G01S13/325 ,  G01S13/885 ,  G01V3/12 ,  Y02A90/344

Abstract: System and methods for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic pulses through a geological formation. A preferably programmable transmitter having an all-digital portion in a preferred embodiment may be operated at frequencies below 1 MHz without loss of target resolution by transmitting and over sampling received long PN codes. A gated and stored portion of the received signal may be correlated with the PN code to determine distances of interfaces within the geological formation, such as the distance of a water interfaces from a wellbore. The received signal is oversampled preferably at rates such as five to fifty times as high as a carrier frequency. In one method of the invention, an oil well with multiple production zones may be kept in production by detecting an approaching water front in one of the production zones and shutting down that particular production zone thereby permitting the remaining production zones to continue operating.

Abstract translation: 用于通过地质构造发射和接收电磁脉冲的系统和方法。 在优选实施例中具有全数字部分的优选可编程发射机可以在低于1MHz的频率下操作，而不会通过发射和过采样接收到的长PN码而损失目标分辨率。 接收信号的门控和存储部分可以与PN码相关联，以确定地质构造内的界面的距离，例如水界面与井眼的距离。 所接收的信号优选地以诸如载波频率的五到五十倍的速率被过采样。 在本发明的一种方法中，具有多个生产区域的油井可以通过检测一个生产区域中的接近水面并关闭该特定生产区域从而允许剩余的生产区域继续运行而保持生产。

公开(公告)号：US06559645B2

公开(公告)日：2003-05-06

申请号：US10028962

申请日：2001-10-30

Applicant: G. Dickey Arndt ,  Phong H. Ngo ,  James R. Carl ,  Kent A. Byerly ,  John Dusl

Inventor： G. Dickey Arndt ,  Phong H. Ngo ,  James R. Carl ,  Kent A. Byerly ,  John Dusl

IPC: G01V308

CPC classification number: G01V3/104

Abstract: Transceiver and methods are included that are especially suitable for detecting metallic materials, such as metallic mines, within an environment. The transceiver includes a digital waveform generator used to transmit a signal into the environment and a receiver that produces a digital received signal. A tracking module preferably compares an in-phase and quadrature transmitted signal with an in-phase and quadrature received signal to produce a spectral transfer function of the magnetic transceiver over a selected range of frequencies. The transceiver initially preferably creates a reference transfer function which is then stored in a memory. Subsequently measured transfer functions will vary depending on the presence of metal in the environment which was not in the environment when the reference transfer function was determined. The system may be utilized in the presence of other antennas, metal, and electronics which may comprise a plastic mine detector for detecting plastic mines. Despite the additional antennas and other metallic materials that may be in the environment due to the plastic mine detector, the magnetic transceiver remains highly sensitive to metallic material which may be located in various portions of the environment and which may be detected by sweeping the detector over ground that may contain metals or mines.

Abstract translation: 包括收发器和方法，其特别适用于在环境中检测诸如金属矿的金属材料。 收发器包括用于将信号发送到环境中的数字波形发生器和产生数字接收信号的接收器。 跟踪模块优选地将同相和正交发射信号与同相和正交接收信号进行比较，以在选定的频率范围内产生磁收发器的频谱传递函数。 收发器最初优选地创建参考传递函数，然后存储在存储器中。 随后测量的传递函数将根据在确定参考传递函数时不在环境中的金属的存在而变化。 该系统可以在其他天线，金属和电子设备的存在下使用，其可以包括用于检测塑料矿的塑料矿检测器。 尽管由于采用了塑料矿检测器，其他天线和其他金属材料可能在环境中，磁性收发器仍然对金属材料非常敏感，金属材料可能位于环境的各个部分，并且可以通过扫描检测器来检测 可能含有金属或矿山的地面。

公开(公告)号：US06252396B1

公开(公告)日：2001-06-26

申请号：US09535669

申请日：2000-03-24

Applicant: G. Dickey Arndt ,  James R. Carl

Inventor： G. Dickey Arndt ,  James R. Carl

IPC: G01B714

CPC classification number: G01S7/352 ,  G01S13/003 ,  G01S13/753

Abstract: A method is provided for controlling two objects relatively moveable with respect to each other. A plurality of receivers are provided for detecting a distinctive microwave signal from each of the objects and measuring the phase thereof with respect to a reference signal. The measured phase signal is used to determine a distance between each of the objects and each of the plurality of receivers. Control signals produced in response to the relative distances are used to control the position of the two objects.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于控制相对于彼此相对移动的两个物体的方法。 提供了多个接收器，用于从每个对象检测特征微波信号，并相对于参考信号测量其相位。 所测量的相位信号用于确定每个物体与多个接收器中的每一个之间的距离。 响应相对距离产生的控制信号用于控制两个物体的位置。

公开(公告)号：US6097189A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-01

申请号：US944040

申请日：1997-09-29

Applicant: G. Dickey Arndt ,  James R. Carl

Inventor： G. Dickey Arndt ,  James R. Carl

IPC: G01S7/35 ,  G01S13/00 ,  G01S13/75 ,  G01V3/08 ,  G01R27/04 ,  G01S3/02 ,  G01V3/10

CPC classification number: G01S7/352 ,  G01S13/003 ,  G01S13/753

Abstract: A portable system is provided that is operational for determining, with three dimensional resolution, the position of a buried object or a proximately positioned object that may move in space or air or gas. The system has a plurality of receivers for detecting the signal from a target antenna and measuring the phase thereof with respect to a reference signal. The relative permittivity and conductivity of the medium in which the object is located is used along with the measured phase signal to determine a distance between the object and each of the plurality of receivers. Knowing these distances, an iteration technique is provided for solving equations simultaneously to provide position coordinates. The system may also be used for tracking movement of an object within close range of the system by sampling and recording subsequent positions of the object. A dipole target antenna, when positioned adjacent to a buried object, may be energized using a separate transmitter which couples energy to the target antenna through the medium. The target antenna then preferably resonates at a different frequency, such as a second harmonic of the transmitter frequency.

Abstract translation: 提供了可操作的便携式系统，用于以三维分辨率确定可在空间或空气或气体中移动的被埋物体或近似定位的物体的位置。 该系统具有多个接收器，用于检测来自目标天线的信号并相对于参考信号测量其相位。 将物体所在的介质的相对介电常数和电导率与所测量的相位信号一起使用，以确定物体与多个接收器中的每一个之间的距离。 知道这些距离，提供迭代技术来同时求解方程来提供位置坐标。 该系统还可以用于通过采样和记录对象的后续位置来跟踪系统的近距离范围内的物体的移动。 偶极目标天线在邻近被埋物体定位时可以使用单独的发射器来激励，该发射器通过介质将能量耦合到目标天线。 然后，目标天线优选以不同的频率谐振，例如发射机频率的二次谐波。

公开(公告)号：US5596150A

公开(公告)日：1997-01-21

申请号：US400703

申请日：1995-03-08

Applicant: G. Dickey Arndt ,  Thanh X. Nguyen ,  James R. Carl

Inventor： G. Dickey Arndt ,  Thanh X. Nguyen ,  James R. Carl

IPC: G01F1/64 ,  G01F1/74 ,  G01F1/58

CPC classification number: G01F1/74 ,  G01F1/64

Abstract: Method and apparatus for making measurements on fluids are disclosed, including the use of a capacitive probe for measuring the flow volume of a material within a flow stream. The capacitance probe has at least two elongate electrodes and, in a specific embodiment of the invention, has three parallel elongate electrodes with the center electrode being an extension of the center conductor of a co-axial cable. A conductance probe is also provided to provide more accurate flow volume data in response to conductivity of the material within the flow stream. A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides for a gas flow stream through a micro-gravity environment that allows for monitoring a flow volume of a fluid sample, such as a urine sample, that is entrained within the gas flow stream.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于对流体进行测量的方法和装置，包括使用用于测量流动流中的材料的流量的电容式探针。 电容探针具有至少两个细长电极，并且在本发明的具体实施例中，具有三个平行的细长电极，其中心电极是同轴电缆的中心导体的延伸。 还提供电导探针以响应于流动流内的材料的导电性提供更精确的流量数据。 本发明的优选实施例提供了通过微重力环境的气体流动流，其允许监测被夹带在气体流动流内的流体样品（例如尿样）的流量。

公开(公告)号：US07111497B2

公开(公告)日：2006-09-26

申请号：US10787339

申请日：2004-02-26

Applicant: Curtis Goad ,  James R. Carl ,  Fred Dyer

Inventor： Curtis Goad ,  James R. Carl ,  Fred Dyer

IPC: G01M3/16 ,  G01M3/40

CPC classification number: G01M3/186

Abstract: A leak detection apparatus detects leaks or premature wearing in a lined fluid filled vessel. A leak detection apparatus comprises a current density meter, a power supply, and a probe. The probe is inserted into the fluid filled vessel. The power supply supplies an AC or DC electric current to a directional amplifier of the probe. A torroid of the probe senses the current density in the fluid and sends an electrical signal to the current density meter. The current density meter measures the electrical signal and communicates a current density readout to a display. This readout indicates to an operator whether or not there is a crack, premature wearing, or a bypass.

Abstract translation: 泄漏检测装置检测衬里流体填充容器中的泄漏或过早磨损。 泄漏检测装置包括电流密度计，电源和探针。 将探头插入流体填充的容器中。 电源为探头的定向放大器提供交流或直流电流。 探头的旋转体感测流体中的电流密度，并向电流密度计发送电信号。 电流密度计测量电信号并将电流密度读数传送到显示器。 此读数向操作员显示是否存在裂纹，过早磨损或旁路。

公开(公告)号：US06651739B2

公开(公告)日：2003-11-25

申请号：US09793817

申请日：2001-02-21

Applicant: G. Dickey Arndt ,  James R. Carl ,  Kent A. Byerly ,  B. Jon Amini

Inventor： G. Dickey Arndt ,  James R. Carl ,  Kent A. Byerly ,  B. Jon Amini

IPC: E21B4704

CPC classification number: G01S13/325 ,  G01S13/885 ,  G01V3/12 ,  Y02A90/344

Abstract: System and methods are disclosed for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic pulses through a geological formation. A preferably programmable transmitter having an all-digital portion in a preferred embodiment may be operated at frequencies below 1 MHz without loss of target resolution by transmitting and over sampling received long PN codes. A gated and stored portion of the received signal may be correlated with the PN code to determine distances of interfaces within the geological formation, such as the distance of a water interfaces from a wellbore. The received signal is oversampled preferably at rates such as five to fifty times as high as a carrier frequency. In one method of the invention, an oil well with multiple production zones may be kept in production by detecting an approaching water front in one of the production zones and shutting down that particular production zone thereby permitting the remaining production zones to continue operating.

公开(公告)号：US06226553B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-01

申请号：US09501150

申请日：2000-02-09

Applicant: James R. Carl ,  G. Dickey Arndt ,  Patrick W. Fink ,  N. Reginald Beer ,  Phillip D. Henry ,  Antonio Pacifico ,  George W. Raffoul

Inventor： James R. Carl ,  G. Dickey Arndt ,  Patrick W. Fink ,  N. Reginald Beer ,  Phillip D. Henry ,  Antonio Pacifico ,  George W. Raffoul

IPC: A61F200

CPC classification number: A61B18/18 ,  A61B18/1206 ,  A61B18/1492 ,  A61B18/1815 ,  A61B2018/00351 ,  A61B2018/00577 ,  A61B2018/00732 ,  A61B2018/00791 ,  A61B2018/1861 ,  A61N1/06

Abstract: Method and apparatus are provided to treat atherosclerosis wherein the artery is partially closed by dilating the artery while preserving the vital and sensitive endothelial layer thereof. Microwave energy having a frequency from 3 GHz to 300 GHz is propagated into the arterial wall to produce a desired temperature profile therein at tissue depths sufficient for thermally necrosing connective tissue and softening fatty and waxy plaque while limiting heating of surrounding tissues including the endothelial layer and/or other healthy tissue, organs, and blood. The heating period for raising the temperature a potentially desired amount about 20° C., within the atherosclerotic lesion may be less than about one second. In one embodiment of the invention, a radically beveled waveguide antenna is used to deliver microwave energy at frequencies from 25 GHz or 30 GHz to about 300 GHz and is focused towards a particular radial sector of the artery. Because the atherosclerotic lesions are often asymmetrically disposed, directable or focussed heating preserves healthy sectors of the artery and applies energy to the asymmetrically positioned lesion faster than a non-directed beam. A computer simulation predicts isothermic temperature profiles for the given conditions and may be used in selecting power, pulse duration, beam width, and frequency of operation to maximize energy deposition and control heat rise within the atherosclerotic lesion without harming healthy tissues or the sensitive endothelium cells.

Abstract translation: 提供了治疗动脉粥样硬化的方法和装置，其中动脉通过扩张动脉而部分闭合，同时保留其重要且敏感的内皮层。 具有频率从3GHz到300GHz的微波能量传播到动脉壁中以在组织深度处产生期望的温度曲线，其组织深度足以热破坏结缔组织和软化脂肪和蜡状斑块，同时限制包括内皮层的周围组织的加热和 /或其他健康的组织，器官和血液。 在动脉粥样硬化病变期间将温度升高约20℃的潜在期望量的加热期可以小于约1秒。 在本发明的一个实施例中，使用自旋斜面波导天线以25GHz或30GHz至约300GHz的频率传送微波能量，并且朝着动脉的特定径向扇区聚焦。 由于动脉粥样硬化病变通常不对称地布置，可直接或聚焦的加热保留了动脉的健康部分，并且比非定向束更快地将能量施加到不对称定位的病变处。 计算机模拟预测给定条件下的等温温度曲线，并且可用于选择功率，脉冲持续时间，波束宽度和操作频率以最大限度地增加能量沉积并控制动脉粥样硬化病变中的热上升而不伤害健康组织或敏感的内皮细胞 。