公开(公告)号：US08270067B1

公开(公告)日：2012-09-18

申请号：US13079131

申请日：2011-04-04

Applicant: Yung-Chieh Hsieh ,  Chiayu Ai

Inventor： Yung-Chieh Hsieh ,  Chiayu Ai

IPC: G02F2/00 ,  G02B1/10

CPC classification number: H04B10/677 ,  G02F2001/211

Abstract: A DPSK demodulator is implemented in Sagnac interferometer configuration with a delay line element introduced in one or both of the optical paths of the transmitted and reflected beams. Because the two reflected and transmitted beams travel on the same optical path (though in opposite directions), the Sagnac interferometer provides all the advantages of a common-path interferometer, is thermally and mechanically stable, and the phase requirements are greatly reduced. In its simplest form, the Sagnac DPSK demodulator. In the preferred embodiment, the beam-splitting surface and one of the mirrors are combined into a rhomb beam-splitter structure and the other two mirrors into a right-angle prism. In a DQPSK embodiment, the input beam is split by an upfront beam splitter into two parallel beams that are then directed toward the rhomb-beam-splitter/right-angle-prism combination of the invention.

Abstract translation: 在Sagnac干涉仪配置中实现DPSK解调器，其中在发射和反射光束的一个或两个光路中引入延迟线元件。 由于两个反射和发射的光束在相同的光路上行进（尽管在相反的方向），所以Sagnac干涉仪提供了共轨干涉仪的所有优点，是热和机械稳定的，相位要求大大降低。 在其最简单的形式，Sagnac DPSK解调器。 在优选实施例中，分束表面和一个反射镜被组合成菱形分束器结构，另外两个反射镜成直角棱镜。 在DQPSK实施例中，输入光束由前置分束器分裂成两个平行光束，然后被引导到本发明的菱形 - 分束器/直角 - 棱镜组合。

公开(公告)号：US06909549B1

公开(公告)日：2005-06-21

申请号：US10384122

申请日：2003-03-06

Applicant: Yung-Chieh Hsieh ,  Chiayu Ai ,  Hong Li ,  Dar-Yuan Song

Inventor： Yung-Chieh Hsieh ,  Chiayu Ai ,  Hong Li ,  Dar-Yuan Song

IPC: G02B6/34 ,  G02B27/00

CPC classification number: G02B6/29383 ,  G02B6/2713 ,  G02B6/2766 ,  G02B6/29367 ,  G02B6/29395

Abstract: A tunable filter includes a polarizing beam splitter and a half-wave plate that produce two equally polarized beams from an arbitrarily polarized input light. The polarized beams are directed toward a tunable component that consists of an optical substrate coated with a filter and a reflective element on its back and front surface, respectively. The pass and stop beams emerging from the tunable component are retro-reflected by roof structures and passed again through the filter. As a result of this combination of components, the filter's performance is not dependent on polarization and the filter's output channels are not shifted or deviated by tuning.

Abstract translation: 可调滤波器包括偏振分束器和半波片，其从任意偏振的输入光产生两个等偏振光束。 偏振光束分别指向可调组件，该可调组件由分别在其背面和前表面上涂覆有过滤器和反射元件的光学衬底组成。 从可调组件出来的通过和停止梁被屋顶结构反射，并再次通过过滤器。 由于组件的这种组合，滤波器的性能不依赖于极化，并且滤波器的输出通道不会通过调谐偏移或偏移。

公开(公告)号：US5633715A

公开(公告)日：1997-05-27

申请号：US446019

申请日：1995-05-19

Applicant: Chiayu Ai ,  Erik L. Novak

Inventor： Chiayu Ai ,  Erik L. Novak

IPC: G01B11/00 ,  G01B11/02

CPC classification number: G01B9/02083 ,  G01B9/02057 ,  G01B9/0209

Abstract: A broad-bandwidth interferometric system that produces irradiance signals at multiple vertical-scanning positions as a function of optical path differences between a test and a reference surface. The effective peak of the envelope defined by the modulation component of the irradiance signal is estimated by finding the scanning position corresponding to the centroid of a function substantially equal to the square of the first-order derivative of the measured irradiance. The surface height at each pixel is determined directly from digital irradiance signals, thereby greatly reducing the data-processing steps and associated costs taught by the prior art and correspondingly simplifying the hardware requirements of the system for rapid on-line display of height measurements. The approach is free of the ambiguities inherent in multi-peak modulation functions, thereby producing surface maps with reduced artifacts. This improved technique produces results otherwise comparable with those obtained by standard techniques and requires no dedicated hardware for rapid on-line applications.

Abstract translation: 宽带干涉测量系统，其在多个垂直扫描位置处产生作为测试和参考表面之间的光程差的函数的辐射信号。 由辐照度信号的调制分量确定的包络线的有效峰值通过求出与基本上等于测得的辐照度的一阶导数的平方的函数的质心对应的扫描位置来估计。 每个像素处的表面高度直接由数字辐照度信号确定，从而大大减少了现有技术教导的数据处理步骤和相关成本，并相应地简化了系统的硬件需求，用于快速在线显示高度测量。 该方法没有多峰调制功能所固有的模糊性，从而产生具有减少伪像的曲面图。 这种改进的技术产生了与通过标准技术获得的结果相当的结果，并且不需要用于快速在线应用的专用硬件。

公开(公告)号：US5471303A

公开(公告)日：1995-11-28

申请号：US247065

申请日：1994-05-20

Applicant: Chiayu Ai ,  Paul J. Caber

Inventor： Chiayu Ai ,  Paul J. Caber

IPC: G01B11/00 ,  G01B11/02

CPC classification number: G01B9/02083 ,  G01B11/2441 ,  G01B9/02048 ,  G01B9/02057 ,  G01B9/0209

Abstract: Interferometric apparatus that combines white-light VSI and single-wavelength PSI capabilities to improve the accuracy of height measurements in steep regions and in areas with large inter-pixel steps on the test surface. The technique consists of performing VSI measurements to obtain a relatively coarse profile of the test surface and to identify regions separated by a large step. Then PSI measurements are carried out over the test surface to obtain a relatively fine profile. Offsets between VSI and PSI measurements are calculated to correct for misalignments and phase shifts that may have occurred between the two sets of measurements. Finally, the fine PSI data are integrated to within one quarter wavelength of the coarse VSI data. The resulting quality of the height data in each of the step regions is thus improved to within the resolution of the PSI measurements.

Abstract translation: 将白光VSI和单波长PSI功能组合在一起的干涉测量装置，以提高陡峭区域和测试表面上大像素间距区域的高度测量精度。 该技术包括执行VSI测量以获得测试表面的相对粗糙的轮廓并识别由大步骤分离的区域。 然后在测试表面上进行PSI测量以获得相对精细的轮廓。 计算VSI和PSI测量之间的偏移，以校正两组测量之间可能发生的不对准和相移。 最后，精细的PSI数据被集成到粗略VSI数据的四分之一波长内。 因此，每个步进区域中的高度数据的最终质量因此提高到PSI测量的分辨率内。

公开(公告)号：US20230030757A1

公开(公告)日：2023-02-02

申请号：US17868016

申请日：2022-07-19

Applicant: Yung-Chieh Hsieh ,  Chiayu Ai

Inventor： Yung-Chieh Hsieh ,  Chiayu Ai

IPC: H01S3/00 ,  G02B27/09 ,  G02B27/12

Abstract: Methodology of forming a substantially flat-top illuminating light beam, from a beam at the laser output having a conventionally non-uniform distribution of irradiance, with the use of only a birefringent prismatic element and light-focusing optics. Preferably, the cross-sectional area of such illuminating light distribution is shaped to be elongated or even substantially rectangular to have it used advantageously in various metrological situations such as, for example, the operation of a moving particle analyzer.

公开(公告)号：US08953161B2

公开(公告)日：2015-02-10

申请号：US13668463

申请日：2012-11-05

Applicant: Yung-Chieh Hsieh ,  Chiayu Ai

Inventor： Yung-Chieh Hsieh ,  Chiayu Ai

IPC: G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/32 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/14 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J2003/1243

Abstract: An optical spectrum analyzer is implemented with a detector combined with a tunable filter mounted on a stage capable of 360-degree rotation at a constant velocity. Because of the constant rate of angular change, different portions of the input spectrum are detected at each increment of time as a function of filter position, which can be easily measured with an encoder for synchronization purposes. The unidirectional motion of the mirror permits operation at very high speeds with great mechanical reliability. The same improvements may be obtained using a diffraction grating or a prism, in which case the detector or an intervening mirror may be rotated instead of the grating or prism.

Abstract translation: 光谱分析仪采用与安装在能够以恒定速度360度旋转的平台上的可调滤波器组合的检测器。 由于角度变化的恒定速率，输入频谱的不同部分在每个增量时间上被检测为滤波器位置的函数，这可以通过编码器容易地用于同步目的来测量。 镜子的单向运动允许以非常高的速度运行，具有很大的机械可靠性。 可以使用衍射光栅或棱镜获得相同的改进，在这种情况下，可以旋转检测器或中间镜来代替光栅或棱镜。

公开(公告)号：US07408713B1

公开(公告)日：2008-08-05

申请号：US10338465

申请日：2003-01-08

Applicant: Yung-Chieh Hsieh ,  Chiayu Ai

Inventor： Yung-Chieh Hsieh ,  Chiayu Ai

IPC: G02B27/00 ,  G01B9/02

CPC classification number: H04J14/02 ,  G02B6/2813 ,  G02B6/29344 ,  G02B6/29358

Abstract: The cavity in the mirror arm of a conventional interleaver is replaced by a wedge integral with the beamsplitter structure of the interleaver. Thus, the light reflected from the AR-coated surface of the wedge is dispersed away from the optics of the device. The beam emerging from the wedge surface is directed toward a tilted mirror that reflects it totally on-axis. As a result of the diversion of the light reflected from the wedge surface and the non-parallel disposition of the wedge surface with respect to the mirror, phase errors are virtually eliminated. In another embodiment, a second wedge is used with a second antireflective surface disposed in parallel to the first wedge's antireflective surface, and with a mirror normal to the optical axis of the device.

Abstract translation: 常规交织器的镜臂中的空腔由与交织器的分束器结构集成的楔形物代替。 因此，从AR的被涂覆的表面反射的光被分散远离装置的光学元件。 从楔形表面出射的光束指向一个倾斜的反射镜，将其完全反射在轴上。 由于从楔形表面反射的光的转移和楔形表面相对于反射镜的非平行布置，实际上消除了相位误差。 在另一个实施例中，第二楔形物与第二抗反射表面一起使用，第二抗反射表面平行于第一楔形物的抗反射表面，并具有垂直于装置的光轴的反射镜。

公开(公告)号：US20060268277A1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-30

申请号：US11360959

申请日：2006-02-22

Applicant: Yung-Chieh Hsieh ,  Chiayu Ai ,  Chih-Hung Chien ,  Daryuan Song

Inventor： Yung-Chieh Hsieh ,  Chiayu Ai ,  Chih-Hung Chien ,  Daryuan Song

IPC: G01B9/02

CPC classification number: H04B10/677

Abstract: An interferometer includes a means for splitting, at a splitting location, an input light beam into a first beam and a second beam; and means for recombining, at a recombination location, the first beam and the second beam. The interferometer is designed such that the first beam will travel a first optical path length (OPL) from the splitting location to the recombination location, and the second beam will travel a second OPL from the splitting location to the recombination location and such that when the input light beam has been modulated at a data rate comprising a time interval, then the difference in optical path lengths between the first OPL and the second OPL is about equal to the time interval multiplied by the speed of light

Abstract translation: 干涉仪包括用于在分离位置将输入光束分成第一光束和第二光束的装置; 以及用于在复合位置重组第一光束和第二光束的装置。 干涉仪被设计成使得第一光束将从分割位置行进到第一光路长度（OPL）到复合位置，并且第二光束将使第二OPL从分离位置传播到复合位置，并且使得当 已经以包括时间间隔的数据速率调制输入光束，则第一OPL和第二OPL之间的光程长度差大约等于乘以光速的时间间隔

公开(公告)号：US07092162B1

公开(公告)日：2006-08-15

申请号：US11200932

申请日：2005-08-09

Applicant: Yung-Chieh Hsieh ,  Chiayu Ai

Inventor： Yung-Chieh Hsieh ,  Chiayu Ai

IPC: B02B5/28

CPC classification number: G02B5/284 ,  G02B6/29311 ,  G02B6/29358

Abstract: An optical cavity is combined with a MUX or a de-MUX device having substantially the same free-spectral range in order to enhance the bandwidth of the device. The optical cavity can be tuned to shift the frequencies of maximum insertion loss to match the center frequency of each channel. The reflectivities of the reflective surfaces of the cavity are judiciously selected to produce the insertion-loss spectrum needed to optimize the desired result. Multiple cavities can be used in series to refine the shape of the pass-band spectrum. A frequency window is used to fine tune the free-spectral range of the cavity and to shift the peaks of its insertion-loss spectrum to the desired frequencies. Inner and outer cavity surfaces are oriented to eliminate interference from secondary reflections.

Abstract translation: 光学腔与具有基本上相同的自由光谱范围的MUX或解复用器件组合，以便增强器件的带宽。 可以调整光腔以使最大插入损耗的频率与每个通道的中心频率相匹配。 明智地选择腔的反射表面的反射率以产生优化所需结果所需的插入损耗谱。 可以串联使用多个空腔来细化通带光谱的形状。 频率窗用于微调空腔的自由光谱范围，并将其插入损耗谱的峰值移动到所需的频率。 内外表面被定向以消除二次反射的干扰。

公开(公告)号：US06714743B2

公开(公告)日：2004-03-30

申请号：US09813052

申请日：2001-03-19

Applicant: Yung-Chieh Hsieh ,  Chiayu Ai ,  Chang-Tsung Lin

Inventor： Yung-Chieh Hsieh ,  Chiayu Ai ,  Chang-Tsung Lin

IPC: H04J1406

CPC classification number: G02B6/29367 ,  G02B6/29395

Abstract: A wide range tunable filter is provided. A randomly polarized incoming beam is converted into two orthogonally polarized beams. A ½ wave plate and filter block turns these two beams into four beams. Two of the four beams have a single range of wavelengths and two beams have the remaining wavelengths. Each pair of beams is orthogonally polarized. A ½ wave plate and birefringent crystal positioned after the filter block combine the two beams having the single range of wavelengths and combines the two beams having the remaining wavelengths. The invention includes a thermal compensator to correct the angle of the filter with respect to the incident light.

Abstract translation: 提供了一个宽范围的可调滤波器。 随机极化的入射光束被转换为两个正交偏振光束。 1/2波片和滤波器块将这两个波束变成四个波束。 四个光束中的两个具有单个波长范围，并且两个光束具有剩余的波长。 每对光束正交极化。 位于滤波器块之后的1/2波片和双折射晶体组合具有单个波长范围的两个波束，并组合具有剩余波长的两个波束。 本发明包括一个用于校正过滤器相对于入射光的角度的热补偿器。