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11.发明授权Process for purifying a sulfur dioxide containing gas by washing with an ammonia aqueous solution 失效通过用氨水洗涤来净化含二氧化硫的气体的方法
公开(公告)号：US4180550A
公开(公告)日：1979-12-25
申请号：US835085
申请日：1977-09-20
CPC分类号： C01B17/60 , B01D53/501
摘要： Process for purifying a sulfur dioxide containing gas, by washing with an ammonia aqueous solution, comprising the following steps:(a) contacting a sulfur dioxide containing gas with ammonia and/or ammonium sulfite in the presence of water, to form a solution containing ammonium bisulfite and/or sulfite;(b) reacting at least a portion of the solution obtained in step (a) with ammonium bisulfate, so as to decompose the ammonium bisulfite and sulfite and to obtain ammonium sulfate as an aqueous solution and gaseous sulfur dioxide;(c) recovering the sulfur dioxide;(d) heating the aqueous solution obtained in step (b) for vaporizing at least a portion of the water;(e) heating the product from step (d) to convert the ammonium sulfate to ammonium bisulfate and gaseous ammonia;(f) separating the gaseous ammonia obtained in step (e) and feeding it to step (a) either as such or as ammonium sulfite and,(g) feeding to step (b) the ammonium bisulfate obtained in step (e) either as such or after dissolution in water, wherein, in order to avoid an accumulation of ammonium sulfate and/or bisulfate, due the undesirable formation of ammonium sulfate, at least a portion of the ammonium sulfate and/or bisulfate from step (e) is heated with a molybdenum and/or tungsten compound for converting a portion of said ammonium sulfate and/or bisulfate to sulfur dioxide and ammonia, which are fed back to step (a).
摘要翻译： 通过用氨水洗涤来净化含二氧化硫气体的方法，包括以下步骤：（a）在水存在下使含二氧化硫的气体与氨和/或亚硫酸铵接触，形成含有铵的溶液 亚硫酸氢盐和/或亚硫酸盐; （b）使步骤（a）中获得的溶液的至少一部分与硫酸氢铵反应，以分解亚硫酸氢铵和亚硫酸盐，得到作为水溶液和气态二氧化硫的硫酸铵; （c）回收二氧化硫; （d）加热步骤（b）中获得的水溶液以使至少一部分水蒸发; （e）加热来自步骤（d）的产物以将硫酸铵转化为硫酸氢铵和气态氨; （f）分离步骤（e）中获得的气态氨，并将其进料到步骤（a）中，或者以亚硫酸铵形式进料到步骤（a），和（g）将步骤（b）中得到的硫酸氢铵 这样或之后溶解在水中，其中为了避免硫酸铵和/或硫酸氢盐的积聚，由于不期望的形成硫酸铵，将来自步骤（e）的至少一部分硫酸铵和/或硫酸氢盐加热 与用于将一部分所述硫酸铵和/或硫酸氢盐转化成二氧化硫和氨的钼和/或钨化合物反馈到步骤（a）。
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12.发明授权Process for purifying a gas containing hydrogen sulfide and contact masses usable therefor 失效用于净化含有硫化氢的气体和可用的接触块的方法
公开(公告)号：US4088736A
公开(公告)日：1978-05-09
申请号：US641352
申请日：1975-12-16
CPC分类号： B01D53/52 , C01B3/56 , C01B2203/042 , C01B2203/0485
摘要： A process for purifying a hydrogen sulfide containing gas, which comprises absorbing said hydrogen sulfide onto a mass comprising zinc oxide, alumina and a group II A metal oxide, a large proportion of the group II A metal oxide being in the form of aluminate or silicoaluminate; then regenerating the mass by passing an oxygen containing gas therethrough.
摘要翻译： 一种用于纯化含硫化氢的气体的方法，其包括将硫化氢吸收到包含氧化锌，氧化铝和IIA族金属氧化物的物质上，大部分为铝酸盐或硅铝酸盐形式的IIA族金属氧化物 ; 然后通过使含氧气体通过其再生。
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13.发明授权Process for converting heavy oils or petroleum residues to gaseous and distillable hydrocarbons 失效将重油或石油残渣转化为气态和可馏出的烃的方法
公开(公告)号：US4405442A
公开(公告)日：1983-09-20
申请号：US444268
申请日：1982-11-24
CPC分类号： C10G47/34 , C10G65/12 , C10G67/06 , Y10S208/95
摘要： This process for converting a charge of heavy oils or petroleum residues to gaseous and distillable hydrocarbons comprises the steps of (a) admixing said charge with a first hydrogenated recycle oil obtained in a subsequent step of the process, heating the mixture to 350.degree.-450.degree. C., admixing it with a reducing gas at a temperature of at least 800.degree. C. and maintaining a temperature of 530.degree.-850.degree. C. and a pressure of at least 20 bars for 0.1 to 60 seconds (b) admixing the resultant product with a second hydrogenated recycle oil whose temperature is lower than 300.degree. C., thereby decreasing the temperature of the resultant mixture to less than 450.degree. C., then contacting it with a steam-hydrogen stream, thereby vaporizing at least 80% of the liquid to a gaseous phase (c) treating the unvaporized remaining fraction with oxygen and steam to form a reducing gas at a temperature of at least 800.degree. C., used at least partly in step (a), (d) hydrogenating the gaseous phase from step (b) and recovering therefrom a light fraction distilling below 250.degree. C., recycling at least partly the remaining gaseous phase to step (b) after removal of CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 S therefrom and (e) recycling the remaining hydrogenated heavy oil fraction, distilling above 250.degree. C., to steps (a) and (b).
摘要翻译： 用于将重油或石油残余物转化成气态和可馏出烃的方法包括以下步骤：（a）将所述电荷与在该方法的后续步骤中获得的第一氢化循环油混合，将混合物加热至350-450℃ 将其与还原气体在至少800℃的温度下混合并保持530-850℃的温度和至少20巴的压力进行0.1至60秒（b）将 得到的产物具有温度低于300℃的第二氢化循环油，从而将所得混合物的温度降低至低于450℃，然后使其与蒸汽 - 氢气流接触，从而汽化至少80％ （c）用氧气和蒸汽处理未蒸发的剩余馏分以在至少800℃的温度下形成还原气体，至少部分地在步骤（a）中使用，（d）将 来自ste的气相 p（b）并从其中回收低于250℃蒸馏的轻馏分，在从其中除去CO 2和H 2 S之后将至少部分剩余的气相再循环至步骤（b），和（e）回收剩余的氢化重油馏分，蒸馏 高于250℃，步骤（a）和（b）。
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14.发明授权Process for removing sulfur oxides from a gas by means of an absorption mass regenerable by reaction with elemental sulfur 失效通过与元素硫反应可再生的吸收物质从气体中除去硫氧化物的方法
公开(公告)号：US4781903A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-01
申请号：US906480
申请日：1986-09-12
CPC分类号： B01D53/508
摘要： The invention relates to a process for removing sulfur oxides, particularly sulfur dioxide, contained in gases such as industrial fumes, characterized in that the gas is contacted with a solid absorbent containing magnesium oxide, in such conditions that sulfur oxides are fixed mainly as magnesium sulfate and then the used solid absorbent is contacted with a gas stream containing elemental sulfur in such conditions that magnesium oxide is regenerated with the production of an effluent of sulfur dioxide-containing gas.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种除去气体如工业烟气中所含的硫氧化物，特别是二氧化硫的方法，其特征在于，气体与含氧化镁的固体吸收剂接触，硫氧化物主要以硫酸镁的形式固定 然后将所使用的固体吸收剂与含有元素硫的气流接触，使得氧化镁在产生含二氧化硫气体的流出物的条件下再生。
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15.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4519895A
公开(公告)日：1985-05-28
申请号：US444016
申请日：1982-11-23
摘要： A carbonaceous material is subjected, in admixture with a hydrogenated recycle oil, to hydrogenation in two successive steps at respective temperature ranges of 350.degree.-470.degree. C. and 600.degree.-1000.degree. C., under a pressure of at least 20 bars, the resulting product being separated into a carbonaceous solid residue, which is subsequently treated with oxygen and steam so as to obtain a hydrogen-containing reducing gas to be used in the second of the two hydrogenation steps, a fraction distilling in major part above 150.degree. C. which, after hydrogenation, forms the recycle oil admixed with the starting carbonaceous material, and a fraction containing the desired lower paraffinic hydrocarbons and monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, distilling in major part below 150.degree. C.
摘要翻译： 将碳质材料与氢化循环油混合物在350-470℃和600-1000℃的各自温度范围内，在至少20巴的压力下，在两个连续步骤中进行氢化， 将所得产物分离成碳质固体残余物，随后用氧气和蒸汽处理，以获得在两个氢化步骤中的第二个步骤中使用的含氢还原气体，大部分蒸馏在150℃以上的馏分 其在氢化后形成与起始碳质材料混合的再循环油，以及含有所需的低级链烷烃和单环芳烃的级分，蒸馏主要部分低于150℃。
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公开(公告)号：US4251495A
公开(公告)日：1981-02-17
申请号：US64679
申请日：1979-08-08
CPC分类号： B01D53/52 , C10K1/20 , Y10S502/517
摘要： Process for purifying a gas containing hydrogen sulfide, optionally with carbon dioxide, particularly adapted to the purification of gases of relatively low hydrogen sulfide content, e.g. not in excess of 1% of H.sub.2 S by volume, comprising contacting the gas with an absorption mass containing copper, at a temperature of from 250.degree. to 550.degree. C., to absorb the hydrogen sulfide and form copper sulfide; wherein the absorption mass is regenerated by interrupting the contact of the gas with the mass when the mass is at least partially saturated, contacting the mass with an oxidizing gas containing from 0.5 to 5% by volume of oxygen, at a temperature of from 250.degree. to 345.degree. C., to convert the copper sulfide substantially to copper sulfate, and then contacting the mass with a reducing gas containing from 5 to 20% by volume of hydrogen, at a temperature of from 300.degree. to 450.degree. C., to convert the copper sulfate substantially to sulfur dioxide and metallic copper, thereby regenerating the mass, which is then contacted again by the hydrogen sulfide containing gas.
摘要翻译： 任选地用二氧化碳净化含有硫化氢的气体的方法，特别适用于净化相对低的硫化氢含量的气体，例如， 不超过体积的H 2 S的1％，包括在250-550℃的温度下使气体与含有铜的吸收物质接触以吸收硫化氢并形成硫化铜; 其中吸收质量通过在质量至少部分饱和时中断气体与质量的接触来再生，该物质与含有0.5至5体积％氧气的氧化气体在250℃的温度下接触 至345℃，将硫化铜基本上转化为硫酸铜，然后将该物质与含有5〜20体积％氢气的还原气体在300〜450℃的温度下接触至 将硫酸铜基本上转化为二氧化硫和金属铜，从而再生质量，然后再通过含硫化氢的气体接触。
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17.发明授权Process for and apparatus for catalytic cracking in two successive reaction zones 失效两个连续反应区的催化裂化方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5498326A
公开(公告)日：1996-03-12
申请号：US57795
申请日：1993-05-07
CPC分类号： C10G51/026 , C10G11/18
摘要： The invention relates to a process for catalytic cracking and the associated apparatus in which the cracking reaction takes place in two substantially vertical and successive reaction zones, the loads being introduced into the first zone where it circulates from the top downwards, then at least a part of the product obtained is introduced into a second reaction zone in which it circulates in an ascending fashion. A supplementary hydrocarbonated phase is advantageously introduced into the product entering the second zone. The invention applies particularly to heavy loads, with a U-shaped apparatus.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种催化裂化方法及其相关设备，其中裂化反应发生在两个基本垂直和连续的反应区域中，负载被引入第一区域，其中它从顶部向下循环，然后至少一部分 将所得产物引入第二反应区，其中它以升序方式循环。 补充的烃化相有利地被引入到进入第二区的产物中。 本发明尤其适用于具有U形装置的重载荷。
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18.发明授权Reaction chamber comprising a calender reactor and means for bedding the flow of a heat-carrying fluid 失效包含加热反应器的反应室和用于加热加热流体的流动的装置
公开(公告)号：US5186909A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-16
申请号：US642585
申请日：1991-01-17
申请人： Quang Dang Vu , Sigismond Franckowiak , Alain Grehier , Philippe Vacher , Jean-Pierre Burzynski
发明人： Quang Dang Vu , Sigismond Franckowiak , Alain Grehier , Philippe Vacher , Jean-Pierre Burzynski
IPC分类号： B01J8/02 , B01J8/06 , B01J8/08 , B01J19/00 , B01J23/656 , B01J27/13 , C10G35/04 , C10G35/12 , C10G47/02
CPC分类号： C10G35/12 , B01J8/087 , B01J2208/00088 , B01J2208/00221 , B01J2208/00504 , B01J2208/0053
摘要： A reaction chamber (E) comprises a calender reactor (5) comprising a device (4) for introducing a feedstock; a device (6) for carrying off the treated feedstock; at least two elementary reaction cells (52), not contiguous to one another, each one consisting of an individual feedstock distributor, an individual collector of the treated feedstock, and a catalytic bed, the cells being separated from one another by a channel (51); at least one device (V) for circulating a heat-carrying fluid in each channel (51); at least n partitions (S) for separating the flow of the heat-carrying fluid, n being an integer greater than or equal to 1; and at least n+1 means (T) for heating the heat-carrying fluid. The chamber can be used for performing the catalytic reforming of naphtha under low pressure.
摘要翻译： 反应室（E）包括砑光反应器（5），其包括用于引入原料的装置（4）; 用于运送经处理的原料的装置（6）; 至少两个元素反应池（52），彼此不邻接，每个由单独的原料分配器，经处理的原料的单个收集器和催化床组成，所述单元通过通道（51 ）; 至少一个用于使每个通道（51）中的载热流体循环的装置（V）; 用于分离所述载热流体的流动的至少n个分区（S），n是大于或等于1的整数; 并且至少n + 1表示用于加热承载流体的（T）。 该室可用于在低压下进行石脑油的催化重整。
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19.发明授权Method for the liquid phase hydrotreatment of heavy hydrocarbons in the presence of a dispersed catalyst 失效在分散的催化剂存在下液相加氢处理重质烃的方法
公开(公告)号：US4756821A
公开(公告)日：1988-07-12
申请号：US13083
申请日：1987-02-10
IPC分类号： B01D61/14 , B01D69/02 , B01D71/02 , B01J31/04 , C10G31/09 , C10G31/11 , C10G49/12 , C10G49/22 , C10G67/02 , C10G45/16
摘要： A hydrotreatment method, for example, hydroviscoreduction or hydrodesulfurization in which the charge of hydrocarbons is reacted with hydrogen in contact with a catalyst finely dispersed in the liquid phase. To separate the product from the catalyst, the effluent freed from its accompanying free gas is passed along, and in contact with the upstream wall of a porous inorganic membrane. The oil that has not been filtered contains a concentrate of catalyst and is recycled to the hydrotreatment reactor. The filtered oil constitutes the product of the method.
摘要翻译： 加氢处理方法，例如，水合物引燃或加氢脱硫，其中烃的加料与氢气与微细分散在液相中的催化剂接触。 为了将产物与催化剂分离，从其伴随的游离气体中除去的流出物通过多孔无机膜的上游壁并与其接触。 未过滤的油包含催化剂的浓缩物，并再循环至加氢处理反应器。 过滤油构成该方法的产物。
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20.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5021143A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-04
申请号：US388033
申请日：1989-08-02
IPC分类号： C10G53/04 , C10G50/00 , C10G53/00 , C10G53/06 , C10G55/06 , C10G61/00 , C10G67/04 , C10G69/08 , C10L1/06 , F02B3/06
摘要： The invention relates to a process for hydrocarbon fractionation and extraction making it possible to obtain a petrol with an improved octane number and a kerosene with an improved smoke point.According to the invention a charge with a final boiling point of at least 220.degree. C. is fractionated into three fractions:a light petrol containing less than 10% aromatics and boiling points at 25.degree. to 80.degree. C.,a medium petrol (80.degree. C. and at the most 150.degree. C.), whose end point is determined by a nitrogen content below 50 ppm,a heavy petrol with an end point equal to or below 220.degree. C.,be a selective liquid solvent aromatics are then extracted from the heavy petrol producing a refined product which is poured into the kerosene pool or diesel fuel,the solvent is regenerated by reextraction using light petrol so as to produce an aromatics-enriched petrol fraction with an improved octane number.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于烃分馏和提取的方法，使得可以获得具有改进的辛烷值的汽油和具有改进的烟点的煤油。 根据本发明，终沸点至少为220℃的电荷被分馏成三个部分：在25℃至80℃下含有少于10％芳族化合物和沸点的轻质汽油，中等汽油（80 ℃，最多150℃），其终点由低于50ppm的氮含量确定，终点等于或低于220℃的重质汽油为选择性液体溶剂芳族化合物 从重质汽油中提取出来的精炼产品，其被注入煤油池或柴油燃料中，通过使用轻质汽油再提取来再生溶剂，以产生具有改善的辛烷值的富含芳烃的汽油馏分。
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