摘要:
Disclosed is a focus detection apparatus for a projection lithography system. The apparatus includes: a laser; a focus optical unit configured to focusing the emitted laser beam; a force detection unit configured to reflect the focused laser beam at the backside; a position detection unit configured to detect variations in position of a light spot formed by the reflected laser beam, and output a strength signal indicating the strength of the interaction force between the force detection unit and the object; a differential amplifier configured to output a Z-direction differential signal based on the strength signal and a reference signal; a Z-direction feedback control unit configured to perform feedback control; and a scan signal generator configured to output a signal for controlling the movement of the stage in the XY plane. The focus detection apparatus has high precision, efficiency and process applicability.
摘要:
The present invention is concerned with novel processes for the preparation of (+)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and (−)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. These compounds have pharmaceutical utility and are known to be useful for treating e.g., depression, anxiety disorders, eating disorders and urinary incontinence.
摘要:
A method for processing an image divided into blocks of pixels is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of: detecting, for each block, a largest sub-block whose pixels have an equal luminance value; identifying, for each block, if the detected largest sub-block is or is not a natural texture; determining, for each block, a block blockiness level on the basis of the number of pixels within the detected largest sub-block and on the basis of the identification step; and processing the image on the basis of the block blockiness levels.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method for producing a fermentation product from lignocellulose-containing material, a method for converting lignocellulose-containing material into a hydrolyzate comprising mono- and oligo-saccharides, and a method for treating lignocellulose-containing material, all of which comprise the step of mixing an acid pre-treated lignocellulose-containing material and an alkaline pre-treated lignocellulose-containing material. The present invention further provides a fermentation product made according to the method for producing a fermentation product.
摘要:
The present invention relates to compositions comprising: a polypeptide having cellulolytic enhancing activity and a sulfur-containing compound. The present invention also relates to methods of using the compositions.
摘要:
The present invention relates to compositions comprising: a polypeptide having cellulolytic enhancing activity and a nitrogen-containing compound. The present invention also relates to methods of using the compositions.
摘要:
The invention provides novel compositions comprising imidazoquinoxaline compounds of formula (I) and analogs thereof. Also provided are methods of administering the compositions in an effective amount to enhance the immune response of a subject. Further provided are novel compositions and methods of administering the compositions in combination with (an) other agent(s).
摘要:
The present invention is concerned with novel processes for the preparation of (+)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and (−)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. These compounds have pharmaceutical utility and are known to be useful for treating e.g., depression, anxiety disorders, eating disorders and urinary incontinence.
摘要:
The present invention provides a prodrug of propofol and crystalline forms thereof, methods of making the propofol prodrug and crystalline forms thereof, pharmaceutical compositions of the propofol prodrug and crystalline forms thereof, methods of using the propofol prodrug and crystalline forms thereof and pharmaceutical compositions thereof to treat diseases or disorders such as headache pain, post-chemotherapy or post-operative surgery nausea and vomiting, neurodegenerative disorders, and mood disorders.
摘要:
A control circuit of a light-emitting element comprises a rectifying unit (30) which full-wave rectifies an alternating current power supply, a switching element (38), a reference voltage generating unit (40) which generates a reference voltage (Vref), and a comparator (42) which receives a voltage (Srec) rectified by the rectifying unit (30), compares a comparative voltage (Vcmp) corresponding to a current flowing to an LED (102) and the reference voltage (Vref), and controls switching of the switching element (38) according to a comparison result, wherein the reference voltage generating unit (40) comprises a voltage dividing circuit having a transistor (Q1) in which a resistance value between a source and a drain is changed according to the voltage rectified by the rectifying unit (30), and outputs, using the voltage dividing circuit, the reference voltage (Vref) according to the voltage (Srec) rectified by the rectifying unit (30).