公开(公告)号：US4981338A

公开(公告)日：1991-01-01

申请号：US553040

申请日：1990-07-16

Applicant: Lloyd C. Bobb ,  Howard D. Krumboltz

Inventor： Lloyd C. Bobb ,  Howard D. Krumboltz

IPC: G01N21/43

CPC classification number: G01N21/431 ,  G01N2021/432

Abstract: The index of refraction of a liquid is measured using an optical fiber refractometer having a light transmitting optical fiber by immersing a portion of the optical fiber in the liquid and launching light into one end of the optical fiber at a selected non-zero launch angle with respect to the fiber axis. Light transmitted through the optical fiber is detected at the other end of the optical fiber and a determination is made of the index of refraction of the liquid in accordance with the detected light and the selected non-zero launch angle. By varying the launching angles of the light the range of the refractometer is increased. The light transmitting optical fiber is provided with a region having at least one tapered portion for further increasing the range of the refractometer. The tapered portion of the optical fiber is disposed between a refractive end of the optical fiber and the light source for providing single-ended operation.

Abstract translation: 使用具有透光光纤的光纤折射计，通过将光纤的一部分浸入液体中并以选定的非零发射角将光发射到光纤的一端，测量液体的折射率， 相对于纤维轴。 在光纤的另一端检测透过光纤的光，并根据检测到的光和所选的非零发射角确定液体的折射率。 通过改变光的发射角度，折射计的范围增加。 光传输光纤设置有具有至少一个锥形部分的区域，用于进一步增加折射计的范围。 光纤的锥形部分设置在光纤的折射端和用于提供单端操作的光源之间。

公开(公告)号：US4450406A

公开(公告)日：1984-05-22

申请号：US308310

申请日：1981-10-05

Applicant: Lloyd C. Bobb

Inventor： Lloyd C. Bobb

IPC: G01R33/032 ,  G02B6/44 ,  G02B5/172 ,  G02F1/09

CPC classification number: G01R33/0322 ,  G02B6/4457

Abstract: An optical system is disclosed wherein light is transmitted through fibertic members orthogonally configured in a triaxial arrangement for measuring the magnetic field vector preset in the environment. In one preferred embodiment, a set of three fiber-optic coils positioned coaxially along respective orthogonal axes and having predetermined lengths and diameters are coupled to a source of polarized light for transmitting the light subject to Faraday rotation of its plane of polarization. In another preferred embodiment, light, not necessarily polarized. is transmitted along respective orthogonal axes through a set of three bifurcated fiber-optic cables each formed having a reference branch and a substantially equilaterally sensor branch on which a magnetostrictive material is intimately connected to produce optical path length changes related to the magnetic field component along the respective axes. Photodetectors are used in both embodiments to produce current signals indicative of characteristic changes in the transmitted light, and the current signals are digitally processed to provide magnitude and directional information regarding the magnetic field vector.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种光学系统，其中光通过正交配置为三轴布置的光纤部件传输，用于测量环境中预设的磁场矢量。 在一个优选实施例中，沿着各个正交轴同轴并且具有预定长度和直径的一组三个光纤线圈耦合到偏振光源，用于透射受其偏振平面法拉第旋转的光。 在另一个优选实施例中，光不一定是极化的。 沿着相应的正交轴通过一组三条分叉的光纤电缆传输，每条光纤光缆分别形成有参考支路和基本上均衡的传感器支路，磁致伸缩材料紧密连接在该支路上，以产生与沿着 各轴。 光检测器在两个实施例中用于产生指示透射光的特征变化的电流信号，并且电流信号被数字处理以提供关于磁场矢量的量值和方向信息。

公开(公告)号：US5349437A

公开(公告)日：1994-09-20

申请号：US954521

申请日：1992-09-30

Applicant: Lloyd C. Bobb

Inventor： Lloyd C. Bobb

IPC: G01J5/58 ,  G01J9/02 ,  G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01J5/58 ,  G01J9/02 ,  G01J2009/023 ,  G01J2009/0288

Abstract: Apparatus is provided to detect electromagnetic radiation, in which a radion-absorbing element is disposed on a short section of an optical waveguide to provide a thermal interface therebetween. Radiation is absorbed by the element, which thereby heats the waveguide, causing it to change its optical pathlength in proportion to the radiation absorbed. Interferometer apparatus is connected to measure this change in optical pathlength as a change in the interference condition. This device is highly sensitive and can be operated at room temperature.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于检测电磁辐射的装置，其中辐射吸收元件设置在光波导的短部分上以在其间提供热界面。 辐射被元件吸收，从而加热波导，导致其与吸收的辐射成比例地改变其光程长度。 连接干涉仪装置以测量光路长度的变化作为干扰条件的变化。 该设备高度灵敏，可在室温下运行。

公开(公告)号：US5093569A

公开(公告)日：1992-03-03

申请号：US587276

申请日：1990-09-21

Applicant: Howard D. Krumboltz ,  Lloyd C. Bobb

Inventor： Howard D. Krumboltz ,  Lloyd C. Bobb

IPC: G01D5/353 ,  G01L9/00 ,  G01L11/02 ,  G01R33/032 ,  G02B6/255 ,  G02B6/26 ,  G02B6/34 ,  G02B6/42

CPC classification number: G02B6/264 ,  G01D5/35345 ,  G01D5/35377 ,  G01D5/3538 ,  G01L11/025 ,  G01L9/0088 ,  G01R33/0327 ,  G02B6/2552 ,  G02B6/4289 ,  G02B6/429 ,  G02B6/4286

Abstract: A sensor is disclosed in which light is launched into the core of a singlode optical fiber having a tapered-down or narrow waist region between 2 tapers along an internal portion of the length thereof. The fiber is positioned so that a physical effect to be measured bends the fiber in the narrow waist region. The intensity of the light exiting from the core of the fiber is measured and the displacement is determined in accordance with the measured intensity. The narrow waist region of the fiber has a V.sub.co parameter of less than 1. A bellows which changes dimension with a change in pressure may be coupled to the fiber to bend it in the waist region in proportion to pressure changes. A magnetostrictive element which changes dimension with changing magnetic field may be coupled to the narrow waist region so that a change in dimension causes a displacement which bends the fiber.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种传感器，其中光沿着其长度的内部部分发射到具有沿着其长度的2个锥度之间的锥形或窄腰部区域的单模光纤的纤芯中。 纤维的定位使得要测量的物理效应使纤维在窄腰部区域弯曲。 测量从纤芯的芯出射的光的强度，并根据测量的强度确定位移。 纤维的窄腰区域具有小于1的Vco参数。随着压力变化而改变尺寸的波纹管可以耦合到纤维，以在腰部区域中与压力变化成比例地将其弯曲。 可以将变化的磁场改变尺寸的磁致伸缩元件耦合到窄腰区域，使得尺寸的变化导致使纤维弯曲的位移。

公开(公告)号：US4609871A

公开(公告)日：1986-09-02

申请号：US627306

申请日：1984-07-02

Applicant: Lloyd C. Bobb

Inventor： Lloyd C. Bobb

IPC: G01R33/032 ,  G02B6/44 ,  G02F1/09

CPC classification number: G01R33/0327 ,  G02B6/4457

Abstract: Temperature compensation of an optical fiber interferometer is achieved by wrapping and bonding one fiber arm transversely about the length of a magnetostrictive rod which is sensitive only to the magnetic field component along its length. The other fiber arm is wrapped and bonded about two generally semicircular caps, attached to either end of the rod, in a direction along the longitudinal axis of the rod.

Abstract translation: 光纤干涉仪的温度补偿通过围绕磁致伸缩棒的长度横向缠绕并粘合一根纤维臂来实现，该磁致伸缩棒仅沿着其长度对磁场分量敏感。 另一个纤维臂被缠绕并且沿着沿着杆的纵向轴线的方向围绕两个大致半圆形的盖子连接，该盖子连接到杆的任一端。

公开(公告)号：US4056290A

公开(公告)日：1977-11-01

申请号：US667911

申请日：1976-03-18

Applicant: Lloyd C. Bobb ,  Kimball Kramer

Inventor： Lloyd C. Bobb ,  Kimball Kramer

IPC: G02F1/37 ,  H01S3/108 ,  H01S3/109 ,  H02M5/04

CPC classification number: G02F1/37 ,  H01S3/1086 ,  H01S3/109

Abstract: The frequency of a laser beam can be changed by directing the laser beam through a crystal that has paraelectric and ferroelectric states, above and below a Curie transition temperature, respectively. The crystal is maintained at a constant temperature slightly above its Curie transition temperature when no change in the frequency of the laser beam is desired; and a voltage is applied across the crystal to drive it from its paraelectric into its ferroelectric state when a relatively large change in the frequency of the laser beam is desired.

Abstract translation: 可以通过将激光束引导通过分别具有高于和低于居里转变温度的顺电和铁电状态的晶体来改变激光束的频率。 当不需要激光束的频率变化时，晶体保持在略高于其居里转变温度的恒定温度; 并且当需要激光束的频率相对较大的变化时，在晶体两端施加电压以将其从其顺向驱动到其铁电状态。

公开(公告)号：US5639968A

公开(公告)日：1997-06-17

申请号：US546974

申请日：1995-10-23

Applicant: Lloyd C. Bobb ,  Howard D. Krumboltz

Inventor： Lloyd C. Bobb ,  Howard D. Krumboltz

IPC: G01M11/08 ,  G02B6/02

CPC classification number: G01M11/083

Abstract: A sensor and method are disclosed for determining if a region, defined by two end points, in a structure has exceeded a predetermined amount of strain. The sensor has an optical waveguide which has two ends for receiving and emitting light and which is fixable at two locations thereon to respective ones of the end points to define a sensing region therebetween. The sensing region has a first portion with a first length and a first cross-sectional area, and a second portion with a second length and a second cross-sectional area which is smaller than the first cross-sectional area. The lengths and cross-sectional areas are sized so that the optical waveguide has a strain failure point equal to the predetermined amount of strain. The lengths and cross-sectional areas are approximately sized according to the formula R=.alpha.+1/ (.alpha./.beta.+1), wherein R=the ratio of the amount of strain in the second portion which will cause the optical waveguide to fail to the predetermined amount of strain in the structure, .alpha.=the ratio of the length of the first portion to the length of the second portion, and .beta.=the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the first portion to the cross-sectional area of the second portion.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于确定结构中由两个端点限定的区域是否超过预定量的应变的传感器和方法。 该传感器具有光波导，该光波导具有用于接收和发射光的两个端部，并且可在其两个位置固定到相应的端点以在其间限定感测区域。 感测区域具有第一长度和第一横截面积的第一部分，以及具有小于第一横截面积的第二长度和第二横截面积的第二部分。 长度和横截面面积的大小使得光波导具有等于预定应变量的应变失效点。 长度和横截面面积根据公式R =α+ 1 /（α/β+ 1）近似大小，其中R =将导致光波导失效的第二部分中的应变量的比率 到结构中的预定量的应变，α=第一部分的长度与第二部分的长度的比率，以及β=第一部分的横截面面积与横截面积的比率 的第二部分。

公开(公告)号：US5047626A

公开(公告)日：1991-09-10

申请号：US460435

申请日：1990-01-03

Applicant: Lloyd C. Bobb ,  Barbara J. White ,  Jon P. Davis

Inventor： Lloyd C. Bobb ,  Barbara J. White ,  Jon P. Davis

IPC: G01J9/02 ,  G01M11/00 ,  G01N21/45 ,  G01N25/18

CPC classification number: G01N25/18 ,  G01M11/331 ,  G01N21/45 ,  G01J2009/0226 ,  G01J2009/0288

Abstract: A physical property of a liquid or of any optical fiber is measured using optical fiber interferometer. A conductive material is disposed upon the surface of a region of a light transmitting optical fiber and the region having the conductive material is disposed in the liquid. Light energy is applied to one end of the fiber and transmitted light is received at the other end of the fiber. Electrical energy is applied to the conductive material disposed upon the surface of the fiber to heat the region of the fiber and cause a change in the optical path length of the light transmitted through the fiber. The physical property of the liquid or optical fiber is determined in accordance with the change in the optical path length of the received light caused by applying the electrical energy to the conductive material. A series of short energy pulses is provided and the average phase change is determined. The conductive material is gold and it encircles the fiber. The gold may be disposed on the jacket of the fiber or the jacket may be removed before disposing the gold.

Abstract translation: 使用光纤干涉仪测量液体或任何光纤的物理性质。 导电材料设置在透光光纤的区域的表面上，并且具有导电材料的区域设置在液体中。 光能被施加到光纤的一端，透射光被接收在光纤的另一端。 将电能施加到设置在光纤表面上的导电材料，以加热光纤的区域并引起透过光纤的光的光程长度的变化。 根据通过将电能施加到导电材料而引起的接收光的光路长度的变化来确定液体或光纤的物理性质。 提供一系列短能脉冲，并确定平均相变。 导电材料是金，它包围纤维。 金可以设置在纤维的护套上，或者在处理金之前可以去除护套。

公开(公告)号：US4859059A

公开(公告)日：1989-08-22

申请号：US145020

申请日：1988-01-13

Applicant: Lloyd C. Bobb ,  Barbara J. White ,  Jon P. Davis

Inventor： Lloyd C. Bobb ,  Barbara J. White ,  Jon P. Davis

IPC: G02F1/01 ,  G02F1/225

CPC classification number: G02F1/011 ,  G02F1/2252

Abstract: The phase of light passing through an optical waveguide is modulated by aying electric current to heat the waveguide and thereby alter the length and refractive index thereof. An application for the thermal phase modulation concept is provided in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.

Abstract translation: 通过施加电流来加热波导并因此改变其长度和折射率来调制通过光波导的光的相位。 在Mach-Zehnder干涉仪中提供了用于热相位调制概念的应用。

公开(公告)号：US4644273A

公开(公告)日：1987-02-17

申请号：US750970

申请日：1985-07-02

Applicant: Lloyd C. Bobb

Inventor： Lloyd C. Bobb

IPC: G01R33/022 ,  G01R33/032 ,  G01R33/02

CPC classification number: G01R33/022 ,  G01R33/0327 ,  Y10S505/845

Abstract: A magnetic field gradiometer includes a geometric arrangement of fiber op sensors through which light from a single frequency laser is transmitted. Having a pair of single-mode optical fibers, each of which are coupled to a magnetostrictive element, each sensor is formed in the manner of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer which is oriented to detect the spatial variation in a particular orthogonal component of the magnetic field by phase comparison of the light transmitted through its respective pair of fibers.

Abstract translation: 磁场梯度计包括光纤传感器的几何布置，通过该光学传感器传输来自单个频率激光器的光。 具有耦合到磁致伸缩元件的一对单模光纤，每个传感器以Mach-Zehnder干涉仪的方式形成，该干涉仪被定向成检测磁场的特定正交分量中的空间变化 通过相对于其相应的一对光纤传输的光进行相位比较。