公开(公告)号：US5461927A

公开(公告)日：1995-10-31

申请号：US272915

申请日：1994-06-30

Applicant: Lloyd C. Bobb ,  Howard D. Krumboltz

Inventor： Lloyd C. Bobb ,  Howard D. Krumboltz

IPC: G01B11/16 ,  G01D5/26 ,  G01L1/24 ,  G02B6/36 ,  H01J5/16 ,  G02B6/02

CPC classification number: G02B6/3624 ,  G01B11/16 ,  G01D5/268 ,  G01L1/242

Abstract: An optical fiber strain sensor is provided which remembers the maximum stn a structure has experienced in a given timeframe. A pair of multi-mode optical fibers with flat ends meet end-to-end within a microbore capillary tube with which the fibers have frictional contact. The fibers are fastened to the structure at two points a known distance apart on either side of the capillary tube. Increasing strain in the structure pulls the fiber ends apart in proportion to the amount of strain; however, when strain is decreasing, the fibers buckle rather than move closer together. Therefore, the maximum strain is reflected as a maximum distance between the fiber ends. When the maximum strain experienced is to be measured, the free end of one fiber is connected to a light source and the free end of the other fiber is connected to a detector. The intensity of light transmitted to the detector will vary inversely with the distance apart the fiber ends are; therefore, this distance can be measured and correlated with strain to a high degree of accuracy.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种光纤应变传感器，其记忆了结构在给定时间段内经历的最大应变。 一对具有扁平端部的多模光纤在微孔毛细管内端对端，纤维具有摩擦接触。 纤维在毛细管的任一侧已知距离已知距离的两个点处紧固到结构。 结构中增加的应变使纤维端部与应变量成比例地分开; 然而，当应变减小时，纤维扣紧而不是靠近在一起。 因此，最大应变被反映为光纤端部之间的最大距离。 当要测量经历的最大应变时，一根光纤的自由端连接到光源，另一根光纤的自由端连接到一个检测器。 传输到检测器的光的强度将与纤维端部分开的距离成反比变化; 因此，该距离可以被测量并与应变高度精确地相关。

公开(公告)号：US4447117A

公开(公告)日：1984-05-08

申请号：US395557

申请日：1982-07-06

Applicant: Lloyd C. Bobb

Inventor： Lloyd C. Bobb

IPC: G01D5/353 ,  G02B6/34 ,  G02B5/14

CPC classification number: G01D5/35367

Abstract: A gated fiber optic sensor system is disclosed for increasing the effectiveptical path of a length of optical fiber cable. A pulse of polarized light having a known optical wavelength is directed into a length of optical fiber cable for propagation therethrough in a cyclic path. A planar semiconductor member is mounted in the path of the polarized light pulse at the Brewster angle to permit continuous transmission of the polarized light pulse through the cable until a light pulse of a second optical wavelength is made to impinge upon the semiconductor member, changing the reflectivity characteristics thereof and causing the polarized pulse to be extracted from its cyclic path for detection and processing. In one preferred embodiment, the optical fiber cable is configured in a loop to provide the cyclic path for the polarized light pulse, while in another preferred embodiment, the pulse path is provided by a straight section of optical fiber cable forming a part of a highly reflective cavity having reflectors on either end.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于增加一段光纤电缆的有效光路的门控光纤传感器系统。 具有已知光波长的偏振光的脉冲被引导到用于在循环路径中传播的一段光纤电缆。 平面半导体部件以布鲁斯特角安装在偏振光脉冲的路径中，以允许偏振光脉冲连续透过电缆直到第二光波长的光脉冲撞击在半导体部件上，从而改变 反射率特性，并从其循环路径中提取极化脉冲进行检测和处理。 在一个优选实施例中，光纤电缆被配置成环路以提供用于偏振光脉冲的循环路径，而在另一个优选实施例中，脉冲路径由形成高度一部分的光纤电缆的直线部分 反射腔在两端具有反射器。

公开(公告)号：US4438517A

公开(公告)日：1984-03-20

申请号：US210902

申请日：1980-11-28

Applicant: Lloyd C. Bobb ,  Michael Rankin ,  Gerald D. Ferguson

Inventor： Lloyd C. Bobb ,  Michael Rankin ,  Gerald D. Ferguson

IPC: H01S3/105 ,  H01S3/08

CPC classification number: H01S3/105

Abstract: An interferometrically tuned laser resonator for selectively resonating at desired wavelength or fluorescent line. A dielectric reflector having reflectance characteristics which shift toward shorter wavelengths at incident angles not normal thereto is rotatably mounted at one end of a laser cavity along its axis. Rotation of the reflector permits adjustment of the incidence angle to obtain maximum cavity gain at a desired fluorescent line over adjacent competing lines.

Abstract translation: 一种干涉式调谐的激光谐振器，用于在期望的波长或荧光线上选择性谐振。 具有反射率特性的电介质反射器可以沿着其轴线可旋转地安装在激光腔的一端处，以较短的波长向不正常的入射角移动。 反射器的旋转允许调整入射角，以在相邻竞争线上的期望荧光线获得最大腔增益。

公开(公告)号：US5461926A

公开(公告)日：1995-10-31

申请号：US269473

申请日：1994-06-30

Applicant: Lloyd C. Bobb ,  Howard D. Krumboltz

Inventor： Lloyd C. Bobb ,  Howard D. Krumboltz

IPC: G01B11/16 ,  G01D5/26 ,  G02B6/02

CPC classification number: G01D5/268 ,  G01B11/16

Abstract: An optical fiber strain sensor is provided which remembers the maximum stn a structure has experienced in a given timeframe. A reflective surface is fixed at one location on the structure, and a multi-mode optical fiber with a flat end is fixed at another location on the structure and is positioned so that its flat end is in contact with the reflective surface. A microbore capillary tube attached to the reflective surface encloses the fiber at its flat end and frictionally retains it in contact with the reflective surface. Increasing strain in the structure pulls the fiber end away from the reflective surface in proportion to the amount of strain; however, when strain is decreasing, the fiber buckles rather than moving closer to the reflective surface. Therefore, the maximum strain is reflected as a maximum distance between the fiber end and the reflective surface. When the maximum strain experienced is to be measured, light is launched into the free end of the fiber and reflected back through the fiber by the reflective surface. Its intensity is then detected and measured. The intensity of light transmitted to the detector will vary inversely with the distance between the fiber end and the reflective surface; therefore, this distance can be measured and correlated with strain to a high degree of accuracy.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种光纤应变传感器，其记忆了结构在给定时间段内经历的最大应变。 反射表面固定在结构的一个位置，并且具有平坦端的多模光纤被固定在结构上的另一位置并且被定位成使得其平坦端与反射表面接触。 连接到反射表面的微孔毛细管将纤维封闭在其平坦端部并且摩擦地保持其与反射表面接触。 结构中增加的应变使纤维端远离反射表面，与应变量成比例; 然而，当应变减小时，纤维扣紧而不是靠近反射表面移动。 因此，最大应变被反映为光纤端与反射面之间的最大距离。 要测量经历的最大应变时，将光照射到纤维的自由端，并通过反射面反射回纤维。 然后检测和测量其强度。 传输到检测器的光的强度将与纤维端和反射表面之间的距离成反比变化; 因此，该距离可以被测量并与应变高度精确地相关。

公开(公告)号：US4988863A

公开(公告)日：1991-01-29

申请号：US460436

申请日：1990-01-03

Applicant: Lloyd C. Bobb ,  Howard D. Krumboltz

Inventor： Lloyd C. Bobb ,  Howard D. Krumboltz

IPC: G01N21/43

CPC classification number: G01N21/431 ,  G01N2021/432

Abstract: The index of refraction of a liquid is measured using an optical fiber rectometer having a light transmitting optical fiber by immersing a portion of the optical fiber in the liquid and launching light into one end of the optical fiber at a selected non-zero launch angle with respect to the fiber axis. Light transmitted through the optical fiber is detected at the other end of the optical fiber and a determination is made of the index of refraction of the liquid in accordance with the detected light and the selected non-zero launch angle. By varying the launching angles of the light the range of the refractometer is increased. The light transmitting optical fiber is provided with a region having at least one tapered portion for further increasing the range of the refractometer. The tapered portion of the optical fiber is disposed between a refractive end of the optical fiber and the light source for providing single-ended operation.

Abstract translation: 使用具有透光光纤的光纤折射计，通过将光纤的一部分浸入液体中并以选定的非零发射角将光发射到光纤的一端，测量液体的折射率， 相对于纤维轴。 在光纤的另一端检测透过光纤的光，并根据检测到的光和所选的非零发射角确定液体的折射率。 通过改变光的发射角度，折射计的范围增加。 光传输光纤设置有具有至少一个锥形部分的区域，用于进一步增加折射计的范围。 光纤的锥形部分设置在光纤的折射端和用于提供单端操作的光源之间。

公开(公告)号：US4918371A

公开(公告)日：1990-04-17

申请号：US208931

申请日：1988-06-20

Applicant: Lloyd C. Bobb

Inventor： Lloyd C. Bobb

IPC: G01R15/24 ,  G01R33/022 ,  G01R33/032

CPC classification number: G01R33/022 ,  G01R15/248 ,  G01R33/0327

Abstract: Magnetometers disposed as magnetostrictive segments on optical fiber elems are incorporated in multiple order gradiometers to reduce the size, weight and cost thereof. In the preferred embodiments, such reductions are greatly enhanced by consolidating a plurality of magnetometers on individual optical fiber elements, which also serves to decrease the number of devices associated with the magnetometers in the multiple order gradiometers.

Abstract translation: 将放置在光纤元件上的磁致伸缩段的磁力计结合在多个阶梯度计中以减小其尺寸，重量和成本。 在优选实施例中，通过将多个磁力计固定在各个光纤元件上而大大增强了这种减小，这也用于减少与多级梯度计中的磁力计相关联的装置的数量。

公开(公告)号：USH371H

公开(公告)日：1987-11-03

申请号：US003357

申请日：1987-01-14

Applicant: Lloyd C. Bobb

Inventor： Lloyd C. Bobb

IPC: G01D5/353 ,  G01R15/24 ,  G01R33/032

CPC classification number: G01R15/248 ,  G01D5/35312 ,  G01R33/0327

Abstract: A sensor system is disclosed for measuring small physical perturbations inhe environment using an optical fiber interferometer in the Fabry-Perot configuration operating at maximum sensitivity. A single frequency laser source is focused on one end of a single mode optical fiber with highly polished, highly reflective flat ends. An element responsive to the ambient magnetic or electric field alters the fiber's optical path length, thereby affecting the intensity of light transmitted through the fiber. A detection and feedback system detects the transmitted light and readjusts the optical path length to one which corresponds to maximum sensitivity.

公开(公告)号：US5367175A

公开(公告)日：1994-11-22

申请号：US159962

申请日：1993-11-24

Applicant: Lloyd C. Bobb

Inventor： Lloyd C. Bobb

IPC: G01D5/353 ,  G01F23/292 ,  G01J9/02 ,  G01N21/45 ,  G01N15/06

CPC classification number: G01F23/292 ,  G01D5/35303 ,  G01J9/02 ,  G01N21/45 ,  Y10S250/904

Abstract: A method of measuring the position of a liquid surface within a vessel is scribed. An optical fiber is provided which has first and second ends and has an energy-absorbing element of a predetermined length disposed upon a portion of the cladding thereof such that there is a thermal interface between the energy-absorbing element and the cladding. The optical fiber is then positioned in the vessel so that the energy-absorbing element disposed thereon extends a known distance into the vessel along a known depth gradient of the vessel and so that the energy-absorbing element will intersect the liquid surface over the anticipated range of positions thereof. Single-frequency, coherent light is then transmitted through the core of the optical fiber by launching it into the first end of the optical fiber. A pulse of energy is applied across the entire length of the energy-absorbing element to heat it, and then the transmitted light is received from the second end of the optical fiber. The change in phase of the transmitted light resulting from applying the pulse of energy is then measured, and the position of the liquid surface is then determined in accordance with the change in phase.

Abstract translation: 描述了测量容器内的液面的位置的方法。 提供了一种光纤，其具有第一和第二端并且具有设置在其包层的一部分上的预定长度的能量吸收元件，使得在能量吸收元件和包层之间存在热界面。 然后将光纤定位在容器中，使得设置在其上的能量吸收元件沿着容器的已知深度梯度将已知距离延伸到容器中，使得能量吸收元件将在预期范围内与液体表面相交 的位置。 然后，单频相干光通过将其发射到光纤的第一端而被传输通过光纤的核心。 在能量吸收元件的整个长度上施加能量脉冲以加热能量，然后从光纤的第二端接收透射光。 然后测量施加能量脉冲产生的透射光的相位变化，然后根据相位变化来确定液面的位置。

公开(公告)号：US5166988A

公开(公告)日：1992-11-24

申请号：US785860

申请日：1991-10-31

Applicant: Lloyd C. Bobb ,  Howard D. Krumboltz

Inventor： Lloyd C. Bobb ,  Howard D. Krumboltz

IPC: G01D5/26 ,  G02B6/24 ,  G02B6/28 ,  G02B6/42 ,  G02F1/01 ,  G02F1/225

CPC classification number: G02F1/225 ,  G01D5/268 ,  G02B6/243 ,  G02B6/2835 ,  G02B6/2852 ,  G02B6/429 ,  G02F1/0126 ,  G02F1/0147

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for modulating the phase of a coherent light beam pagating through the core of a single-mode waveguide. A light-absorbing element is connected to a portion of the cladding of the waveguide such that there is a thermal interface therebetween. A means is provided for launching light into the portion of the cladding of the waveguide having the light-absorbing element connected thereto. The light-absorbing element absorbs the light and produces heat in proportion to the light's energy. The heat thus produced is transferred to the waveguide, changing its optical path length and varying the phase of the light propagating therethrough. The intensity of the light launched into the cladding is variable and is controlled by a power supply. The modulator may be used in an interferometer in which a signal is directed to the power supply to control the light intensity for various purposes.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于调制传播通过单模波导芯的相干光束的相位的装置。 光吸收元件连接到波导的包层的一部分，使得它们之间存在热界面。 提供了用于将光发射到具有与其连接的光吸收元件的波导的包层的部分中的装置。 光吸收元件吸收光并与光的能量成比例地产生热量。 这样产生的热量被转移到波导管，改变其光程长度并改变通过其传播的光的相位。 发射到包层中的光的强度是可变的并且由电源控制。 调制器可以用在干涉仪中，其中信号被引导到电源以控制用于各种目的的光强度。

公开(公告)号：US5115127A

公开(公告)日：1992-05-19

申请号：US585331

申请日：1990-09-17

Applicant: Lloyd C. Bobb ,  Barbara J. White ,  Jon P. Davis ,  Arthur Samouris

Inventor： Lloyd C. Bobb ,  Barbara J. White ,  Jon P. Davis ,  Arthur Samouris

IPC: G01J9/02 ,  G01M11/00 ,  G01N21/45 ,  G01N25/18

CPC classification number: G01M11/331 ,  G01M11/33 ,  G01N21/45 ,  G01N25/18 ,  G01J2009/0226 ,  G01J2009/0288

Abstract: A physical property of a fluid or of any optical fiber is measured using anptical fiber interferometer. A conductive material is disposed upon the surface of a region of a light tranmitting optical fiber and the region having the conductive material is disposed in the fluid. Light energy is applied to one end of the fiber and transmitted light is received at the other end of the fiber. Electrical energy is applied to the conductive material disposed upon the surface of the fiber to heat the region of the fiber and cause a change in the optical path length of the light transmitted through the fiber. The physical property of the fluid or optical fiber is determined in accordance with the change in the optical path length or phase of the received light caused by applying the electrical energy to the conductive material. Thermal conductivity is measured using a series of short energy pulses and determining the average phase change. The flow rate of a fluid is measured by measuring the phase change and applied electrical energy upon heating the fiber to an equilibrium temperature. The conductive material is gold and it encircles the fiber. The gold may be disposed on the jacket of the fiber or the jacket may be removed before disposing the gold.

Abstract translation: 使用光纤干涉仪测量流体或任何光纤的物理性质。 导电材料设置在光发射光纤的区域的表面上，并且具有导电材料的区域设置在流体中。 光能被施加到光纤的一端，透射光被接收在光纤的另一端。 将电能施加到设置在光纤表面上的导电材料，以加热光纤的区域并引起透过光纤的光的光程长度的变化。 根据通过将电能施加到导电材料而引起的接收光的光程长度或相位的变化来确定流体或光纤的物理性质。 使用一系列短能量脉冲测量热导率并确定平均相变。 通过在将纤维加热至平衡温度时测量相变和施加的电能来测量流体的流速。 导电材料是金，它包围纤维。 金可以设置在纤维的护套上，或者在处理金之前可以去除护套。