摘要:
A cyclic amidine typically having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents an organic radical, X represents a direct bond or a divalent organic radical and A and B each represent hydrogen or an organic radical is prepared by a liquid phase reaction of a nitrile of the formula R.sup.1 CN where R.sup.1 has the same meaning as above, with a polyamine typically having the formula: ##STR2## where X, A and B have the same meaning as above, in the presence presence of a mixture of a titanium compound with water.
摘要:
A water heater, which allows efficient deposition of a scale component dissolved in water so as to reduce adhesion of the scale to a heat-transfer channel. The water heater includes: scale deposition device including a tank, an anode and a cathode provided in the tank so as to be opposed to each other, and a first power supply for applying a voltage between the anode and the cathode, the scale deposition device depositing a scale component dissolved in water retained in the tank; a heat-transfer channel provided at downstream of the scale deposition device, for guiding the water; and a heat source for heating the water by heat exchange in the heat-transfer channel, in which the scale deposition device includes oxygen-gas supplying/dissolving means for supplying an oxygen gas to a water feed pipe for feeding the water to the tank and dissolving the oxygen gas in the water.
摘要:
The present invention provides a catalyst for polyester production capable of producing a polyester with high catalytic activity, a process for producing a polyester using the catalyst and a polyester produced thereby. The catalyst comprises a solid titanium compound obtained by dehydro-drying a hydrolyzate obtained by hydrolysis of a titanium halide and which has a molar ratio (OH/Ti) of a hydroxyl group (OH) to titanium (Ti) exceeding 0.09 and less than 4. In the process, the polyester is obtained by polycondensing an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, or an ester-forming derivative thereof, and an aliphatic diol, or ester-forming derivative thereof, in the presence of the catalyst. The resulting polyester has excellent transparency and tint, a titanium content of 1 to 100 ppm, a magnesium content of 1 to 200 ppm and a magnesium to titanium weight ratio of not less than 0.01.
摘要:
The present invention provides a catalyst for polyester production capable of producing a polyester with high catalytic activity, a process for producing a polyester using the catalyst and a polyester produced thereby. The catalyst comprises a solid titanium compound obtained by dehydro-drying a hydrolyzate obtained by hydrolysis of a titanium halide and which has a molar ratio (OH/Ti) of a hydroxyl group (OH) to titanium (Ti) exceeding 0.09 and less than 4. In the process, the polyester is obtained by polycondensing an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, or an ester-forming derivative thereof, and an aliphatic diol, or ester-forming derivative thereof, in the presence of the catalyst. The resulting polyester has excellent transparency and tint, a titanium content of 1 to 100 ppm, a magnesium content of 1 to 200 ppm and a magnesium to titanium weight ratio of not less than 0.01.
摘要:
A water treatment method sufficiently decomposes low-degradable organic substances while suppressing production of bromate ions and consumption of hydrogen peroxide. A water treatment method for purifying water using radicals includes injecting an electron-donating substance selected from the group consisting of saccharides, amino acids, lipids, humic acid, and mixtures thereof into water. The radicals are preferably produced using ozone and hydrogen peroxide in combination. Further, the electron-donating substance is preferably injected into the water in a concentration of 0.1 μmol/L to 30 μmol/L.