摘要:
The present invention relates to a method for purification of a hydrocarbon stream containing linear alpha olefins, isomers thereof and at least one organic amine, the linear alpha olefins, isomers and the amine having boiling points under atmospheric pressure which differ by at most 5° C., comprising the step of removing a major amount of the organic amine from the hydrocarbon stream by distillation, wherein the distillation is carried out to that, together with the amine, between 5% and 95 wt % of the isomers, based on the total amount of the isomers in the hydrocarbon stream, are removed from the hydrocarbon stream in an amine/isomer-rich fraction.
摘要:
The invention relates to a temperature-measuring device for measuring the temperature of a medium flowing through a pipeline segment, wherein the temperature-measuring device consists of a temperature-measuring sleeve introduced into the pipeline segment, in which a temperature sensor is arranged, the temperature-measuring sleeve protruding partially into the pipeline segment, the wall thickness of at least the part of the temperature-measuring sleeve protruding into the pipeline segment being smaller than that of the pipeline segment, the wail thickness and/or the outside diameter of the temperature-measuring sleeve being further reduced in a predetermined area around the temperature sensor.
摘要:
The laughing-gas-containing gas (1) is diluted by means of a diluting gas (2). The diluting gas (2) is virtually free from water fractions in the dryer (3). After feed of the diluting gas (2) via the feed line (13), exhaust gas (8) from the catalytic decomposition (7) is added (4) to the laughing-gas-containing feed gas (12). After addition (4) of the exhaust gas (8) from the catalytic decomposition of laughing gas (7), the laughing-gas-containing feed gas (12) is compressed (5) and passed to the heat exchanger (6). In the heat exchanger (6) the laughing-gas-containing feed gas (12) is preheated by heat exchange with the exhaust gas (8). The exhaust gas (8) is cooled in the heat exchanger (6) in this process. The preheated laughing-gas-containing feed gas (12) is passed via a further optional heater (11) as a feed to the catalytic laughing gas decomposition (7). In order to avoid a concentration build-up, some of the exhaust gas (8) is passed out (9) of the process. The exhaust gas (8) is further cooled by a further optional heat exchanger (10). The additional cooling by means of the heat exchanger (10) ensures that subsequent appliances such as the compressor are protected against overheating. By means of the heat exchanger (10), the permissible temperature of that part of the exhaust gas (8) which is released (9) to the atmosphere can also be controlled here. For optimal control of the intake temperature of the laughing-gas-containing feed gas (12) into the catalytic decomposition (7), at least some of the laughing-gas-containing feed gas (12) can bypass the heat exchanger (6) using a bypass (14).
摘要:
A method and an arrangement for filling a second storage container with compressed hydrogen or helium from a first storage container are described, wherein the first and the second storage containers are connected via at least one line, in which at least one valve is disposed.According to the invention, a switching valve (b, b′, b″) controlled by its own medium or a foreign medium is used as a valve, wherein the set pressure of the switching valve (b, b′, b″) is fixed by the maximum permissible operating pressure of the second storage container (B, B′, B).
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for preparing linear α-olefins, wherein ethylene 1a is conducted into the oligomerization reactor 2 in the liquid phase. The oligomerization reactor 2 has a mechanical stirrer 2a in order to ensure optimal mixing of the liquid ethylene and of the catalyst in the liquid phase. From the top of the oligomerization reactor 2, vaporized ethylene is drawn off together with light α-olefins and a small proportion of the organic solvent. The gas mixture drawn off from the top of the reactor 2 is condensed together with gaseous fresh ethylene 7 by means of heat exchanger 3 and separator 4. The liquid phase drawn off from the separator 4 is conducted by means of circulation pump 5a as liquid ethylene input 1a back into the oligomerization reactor 2. The liquid products of the oligomerization reaction are drawn off 8 laterally from the base of the reactor 2.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for preparing linear α-olefins, wherein ethylene 1a is conducted into the oligomerization reactor 2 in the liquid phase. The oligomerization reactor 2 has a mechanical stirrer 2a in order to ensure optimal mixing of the liquid ethylene and of the catalyst in the liquid phase. From the top of the oligomerization reactor 2, vaporized ethylene is drawn off together with light α-olefins and a small proportion of the organic solvent. The gas mixture drawn off from the top of the reactor 2 is condensed together with gaseous fresh ethylene 7 by means of heat exchanger 3 and separator 4. The liquid phase drawn off from the separator 4 is conducted by means of circulation pump 5a as liquid ethylene input 1a back into the oligomerization reactor 2. The liquid products of the oligomerization reaction are drawn off 8 laterally from the base of the reactor 2.
摘要:
Valve arrangement for a system which is loaded with fluid, for connecting a first pressure region to a second pressure region by means of a first valve and a second valve connected in series. A third valve connects a region between the first valve and the second valves to a third pressure region. The first valve closes when a pressure which prevails on the side of the second pressure region is at least as high as a pressure which prevails on the side of the first pressure region. The first valve is coupled to the second valve so that the second valve closes when the first valve closes. The second valve is coupled to the third valve so that the third valve opens when the second valve closes.
摘要:
Valve arrangement for a system which is loaded with fluid, for connecting a first pressure region to a second pressure region by means of a first valve and a second valve connected in series. A third valve connects a region between the first valve and the second valves to a third pressure region. The first valve closes when a pressure which prevails on the side of the second pressure region is at least as high as a pressure which prevails on the side of the first pressure region. The first valve is coupled to the second valve so that the second valve closes when the first valve closes. The second valve is coupled to the third valve so that the third valve opens when the second valve closes.
摘要:
A method and device for the catalytic decomposition of laughing gas in a laughing-gas-bearing gas. The method includes diluting the laughing-gas-bearing gas with a diluting gas, while forming a laughing-gas-bearing charge gas. The laughing-gas bearing charge gas is passed through a heat-exchange step where heat exchange occurs with an exhaust. A heating step occurs for occasional heating of the laughing-gas-bearing charge gas in a fixed-bed reactor for catalytic decomposition of the laughing gas. In some embodiments the diluting gas is dried, and at least a part of the exhaust from the catalytic decomposition of the laughing gas is mixed with the laughing-gas-bearing charge gas upstream of the catalytic decomposition of the laughing gas.
摘要:
The present invention relates to method for reaction control of an exothermic reaction, comprising the steps: i) carrying out an exothermic reaction in a reactor to produce product, ii) measuring temperature and/or pressure in the reactor, and iii) introducing inert product already produced previously in the exothermic reaction from a storage container into the reactor, if temperature and/or pressure exceed(s) critical value(s). as well as an apparatus for carrying out an exothermic reaction.