摘要:
A surface shape measuring adapted so that object light and reference light are outputted from a low coherence light source, the object light which is irradiated onto an object and is reflected and returned therefrom is combined with the reference light, combined light is received by a photodetector to measure a surface shape of the object, including: an optical path length scanning portion adapted to scan an optical path length of the object light or the reference light within a predetermined range; and a splitting optical system provided on at least one of optical paths of the object light and the reference light, to split an incident light beam into light beams, wherein the splitting optical system sets a predetermined optical path length difference corresponding to each predetermined pair of the light beams among the light beams into which the incident light beam is split.
摘要:
An optical switching device including a substrate and at least an organic film as a light control part formed on the substrate. Optical switching is performed by applying signal light and control light to the organic film, the wavelengths of the signal light and the control light being set in a region in the vicinity of resonance on the longer wavelength side in the absorption spectrum of the organic film; and by changing a real part or real and imaginary parts of the refractive index of the light control part by using the control light, to thereby cause a phase difference in the signal light.
摘要:
A method of forming an image comprising the steps of: preparing a device in which an image holding element which can functions as one of electrodes pair and which has a surface for holding an image and an opposite electrode which is the other of the electrodes pair are immersed in a dispersion of a coloring material fine particles in which ionized coloring material fine particles are dispersed in an aqueous liquid, and applying electric current to a desired area of the image holding element and the opposite electrode through the dispersion and depositing-building-up the coloring material fine particles to the desired area electrochemically to form an image, is disclosed.
摘要:
A medium (for example, a solution) containing a dye is in contact with an image forming material in which a PN junction or a PIN junction is formed on the substrate. When the image forming material is irradiated with light, the PN junction or the PIN junction generates an electromotive force, whereby the dye is deposited on the portion where the electromotive force is generated to form an image.
摘要:
The present invention provides an image forming method that (i) yields lower running costs, (ii) produces high resolution and high quality images as it allows for a minimum unit of the image being of molecular size, (iii) provides continuous image gradation, (iv) consists of environmentally friendly manufacturing steps, and (v) offers energy savings, low production cost and high efficiency which results in a versatile process with extensive applications in the related arts.
摘要:
The present invention provides an image forming method which is featured by the advantages such as a high-quality image, a relatively high speed operation, a low running cost, energy saving, resource saving and friendliness to both environments and users.First, there is prepared an image forming medium which comprises on an electroconductive substrate an electroconductive polymer layer capable of taking in and holding an ionic dye as a result of the change in at least two states selected from the group consisting of an oxidized state, a neutral state and a reduced state of the electroconductive polymer and which holds an ionic dye. Next, an image receiving medium, which has OH.sup.- ions having the same polarity as that of the ionic dye held in the electroconductive polymer layer, is brought into contact with the electroconductive polymer layer. Accordingly, there occurs an ion exchange between the ionic dye held in the electroconductive polymer layer and the OH.sup.- ions in the image receiving medium and the ion exchange produces an image pattern of the ionic dye on the image receiving medium.
摘要:
An image forming method and an image forming apparatus, wherein a thin film of an electroconductive polymer which holds and releases a dye by means of an electric field enables a construction including a driving circuit, a driving device and an image forming medium to be used for the transfer of an image pattern. The image forming method includes forming a thin film of the electroconductive polymer on an electroconductive substrate, which can take in, hold and release ionic dye molecules in accordance with the change of the state of the electroconductive polymer, that can assume at least two physicochemical states among an oxidized state, a neutral state and a reduced state of the thin film; and bringing the thin film into contact with an image receiving medium. The image receiving medium has suppressed electroconductivity. When a voltage is applied to the thin film holding ionic dye molecules and the image receiving medium between the electroconductive substrate and an image formation controlling electrode, ionic dye molecules are transferred to a localized area, but not to the entire surface, of the image receiving medium.
摘要:
A voltage is applied between a first and second electrode, the first electrode being immersed into an aqueous solution in which a group of two or more dyes having different polarities, and including at least one dye able to be independently precipitated from this aqueous solution by an electrochemical reaction, are dissolved and coexist at a specified pH, and the second electrode being provided so as to cooperate with the first electrode in causing the electrochemical reaction, thereby forming a first mixed color image which is composed of the group of dyes, or another mixed color image whose colors are different to those of the first mixed color image and which is composed of the group of dyes, or a single color image which is composed of a single dye on the electrode. Thus, it is possible to realize a high quality image using dyes and safely and simply record an image at a high levels of flexibility. It is also possible to adjust the density of an image easily, and reduce the effects on the environment and energy consumption.
摘要:
The invention provides a display method for displaying an image by deposition of metal fine particles. The display method includes at least depositing metal fine particles, from an electrolytic solution that has at least a metal ion of the metal particles and that is provided between a pair of substrates having at least one translucent substrate, onto a surface of any one of the pair of substrates by imparting one stimulus. A concentration of the metal ion of the metal fine particles in the electrolytic solution after imparting the stimulus is about 200 mmol/l or less. The invention further provides a display device which uses the display method.
摘要:
There is provided an image display medium that includes: a pair of substrates at least one of that is light-transmissive; a liquid enclosed between the substrates; and three or more types of colored particles dispersed in the liquid that move in accordance with electric fields applied between the substrates and have different colors and charge characteristics, wherein at least one type of the colored particles has an opposite polarity from at least one other type of colored particles.