Abstract:
A projection exposure apparatus (10) for forming an image of a pattern present on a first object such as a reticle (R) onto a second object, such as a wafer (W). The apparatus comprises along three optical axes (AZ1, AX, AZ2), an illumination optical system capable of illuminating the reticle with partially polarized light, and a catadioptric projection optical system (40-70) arranged adjacent the reticle and opposite the illumination optical system. The catadioptric projection optical system comprises one or more substantially spherical mirrors (48), a plurality of refractive members (42, 48, 72, 74), and one or more plane mirrors (60, 66). The plane mirrors are designed and arranged so as to allow a substantially unpolarized image of the reticle pattern, which is illuminated with partially polarized light, to be formed on the wafer.
Abstract:
The present invention accomplishes an evaluation of image formation performance in which the influence of a coat is accurately reflected. According to the present invention, for the evaluation of image formation performance of an optical system obtained is a pupil transmittance distribution (a distribution of light transmittance on an exit pupil surface) of a light beam that enters an image point to be evaluated of the optical system. At least one of a rotational symmetrical component, an odd symmetrical component, and an even symmetrical component is extracted from the obtained pupil transmittance distribution as an evaluation index.
Abstract:
A projection optical system, which forms a reduced image of a first surface onto a second surface, has excellent optical performance without substantially being affected by birefringence despite the use of optical material having intrinsic birefringence. This is done by suitably arranging certain crystal axes of radiation transmissive members that make up the projection optical system relative to the optical axis of the projection optical system, and by suitably arranging the certain crystal axes of the radiation transmissive members relative to the crystal axes of other radiation transmissive members in the projection optical system.
Abstract:
A projection optical system in which an image of a first surface is projected onto a second surface based on a light beam having a predetermined wavelength. The projection optical system having at least one isometric system refractive member made of an isometric system crystal material. The isometric system crystal material transmits a light beam having the predetermined wavelength. The projection optical system also has an amorphous refractive member made of an amorphous material for compensating deterioration of optical performance due to intrinsic birefringence of the isometric system refractive member.
Abstract:
There is provided a plug 13 for a fluid pipe connector 11 for connecting fluid pipes to each other or for connecting a fluid pipe to a storage tank or a processing unit. The plug 13 includes a plug portion 6, a fixing portion 78 for sandwiching a flange 87 of a pipe between itself and the end face of the plug portion 61 to fix and support the flange 87, a cylindrical support 80 which is integrally formed with the fixing portion 78 for supporting the pipe 60, and a fixing nut for covering and fixing the plug portion 61 and the fixing portion 78. Between the fixing portion 78 and the remainder of the cylindrical support 80 is provided an engagement surface 79 for a lock lever 52. On the distal end of the plug portion 61, is provided a valve 62 for engaging a valve 20 of a member which is to be connected to the plug 13, to establish a fluid communication. On the outer peripheral surface of the fixing nut 64, a long groove 83 is provided for properly aligning the plug 13. Thus, it is possible to reduce the size and weight of a plug for a fluid pipe connector, and to improve safety.
Abstract:
The object of this invention is to improve safety by preventing the leakage of liquid caused by the internal pressure of a container. A liquid path plug in which a pipe is provided in the lid section of the plug, and a gas path plug which does not have a pipe are attached to openings of the container. The engaging groove section is formed on the end surface of the liquid path cap which closes the through hole provided in the liquid path plug section of the liquid path plug. The engaging protrusion section and the engaging hole section are formed on the end surface of the gas path cap which is provided in the gas path plug section of the gas path plug and closes the through hole. The gas path cap is detached by engaging the engaging pin of the detaching fixture on the engaging hole section of the gas path cap and by turning the gas path cap. The liquid path cap is detached by engaging the engaging protrusion section of the detached gas path cap on the engaging groove section of the liquid path cap and by turning the gas path cap.
Abstract:
A connector 20 comprises a plug 21 fitted to an opening 2 formed in a container 1, and a socket 22 which is connected to the plug 21. The plug 21 comprises a bracket section 3 which is fitted into the opening 2 of the container 1, and a plug section 23 which is screwed into a threaded aperture 4 formed in the bracket section 3. An annular locking ring 63 formed with lugs 66 on the outer periphery is integrally but removably fitted to the plug section 23 which is threadedly attached to the threaded aperture 4. A plurality of engaging ribs 67 are formed on the inner peripheral face of the bracket section 3 for preventing rotation of the plug section 23 by engaging with the lugs 66 of the locking ring 63 which is fitted to the plug section 23. As a result, loosening from the threaded aperture 4 of the reusable plug section 23 which is removable by threading into the threaded aperture 4 of the bracket section 3, is prevented so that leaking of the liquid inside the container 1 from a loosened part is prevented.