摘要:
An oxy-combustion boiler unit is disclosed which includes a furnace for combusting fuel and for emitting flue gas resulting from combustion. The furnace has first, second and third combustion zones, and an air separation unit for separating oxygen gas from air and providing a first portion of the separated oxygen to a first oxidant flow, a second portion to a second oxidant flow, and a third portion of the separated oxygen gas to the first, second, and third zones of the furnace. A controller can cause the separated oxygen gas to be distributed so that the first and second oxygen flows have a desired oxygen content, and so that the first, second, and third zones of the furnace receive a desired amount of oxygen based on a combustion zone stoichiometry control.
摘要:
The present invention generally relates to processes for production of ethanol from cellulosic biomass. The present invention also relates to production of various co-products of preparation of ethanol from cellulosic biomass. The present invention further relates to improvements in one or more aspects of preparation of ethanol from cellulosic biomass including, for example, improved methods for cleaning biomass feedstocks, improved acid impregnation, and improved steam treatment, or “steam explosion.”
摘要:
A method includes the steps of operating a regenerative burner in cycles, including a firing cycle in which fuel and combustion air are discharged from the burner into a process chamber, and a nonfiring cycle in which a quantity of gas is withdrawn from the process chamber through a regenerative bed associated with the burner. The method further includes steps of detecting and responding to a temperature that differs from a predetermined temperature at a location in the process chamber. In a first step of responding to the detected temperature, a flue damper system is operated to vary a flow of gas within the process chamber relative to the location of the detected temperature. A second step of responding to the detected temperature reduces the quantity of gas to be withdrawn from the process chamber through the regenerative bed in a subsequent nonfiring cycle.
摘要:
This invention relates to any fossil fueled thermal system, and especially relates to large commercial steam generators used in power plants, and, more particularly, to a method and apparatus for determining fuel chemistry in essentially real time based on effluents resulting from combustion, associated stoichiometrics, and the genetics of the fossil fuel. Knowing the system's fuel chemistry, the fuel calorific value, the fuel flow and the thermal performance associated with the thermal system may then be determined in essentially real time.
摘要:
In a coal burning boiler apparatus, temperature of the pulverized coal to be fed to the boiler can be set depending on the property of the combustion coal, so that stable ignition and combustion can be made regardless of the property of the combustion coal fed.Provided are a coal burning boiler 1, a coal pulverizer 2 for pulverizing massive coal 6 into fine powder, a temperature sensor 18 for detecting temperature of the primary air 35 for entraining the pulverized coal to the coal burning boiler, regulators 9, 12, 13 and 14 for regulating the temperature of the primary air and a controller for controlling the primary air temperature regulators on the basis of detected result of the temperature sensor so as to make the primary air have a given temperature.
摘要:
The operation of a fossil-fueled thermal system is quantified by obtaining effluent flow, the L Factor and other operating parameters to determine and monitor the unit's heat rate and to determine the emission rates of its pollutants.
摘要:
A method for controlling the fuel-air ratio of a burner having a blower responsive to a blower drive signal for injecting air into the burner. The method is based at least on the concentration of a gas in an exhaust gas product of a combustion chamber of the burner and includes measuring the gas concentration in the exhaust gas product, deriving a gas concentration signal from the measured gas concentration, determining the fuel-air ratio from the gas concentration signal and the sign of the derivative of the gas concentration signal with respect to the blower drive signal, and controlling the fuel-air ratio by adjusting the air flow rate into the burner. The burner may be, for example, in a Stirling cycle engine.
摘要:
A combustion system includes a combustion chamber. A fan is connected to the combustion chamber. The fan has a spin velocity. A burner is adjacent the combustion chamber. The burner defines one or more flame openings. Each flame opening has a cross section. An obstacle is associated with each of the one or more flame openings. Each obstacle is within the combustion chamber. A mixture of fuel gas and air having a mixture temperature is discharged at a discharge velocity from the one or more flame openings. A flame is positioned along the burner substantially detached from the one or more openings. A flame position sensor senses the position of the flame and generates a flame position signal based on the sensed position of the flame. A control processor maintains the flame around a prefixed optimum position by controlling a characteristic variable quantity of the mixture based on the flame position signal. The characteristic variable quantity is selected from a premixture rate value of the mixture, the discharge velocity, and the mixture temperature upstream of the flame. The discharge velocity is modified by varying the cross section of the flame openings and the spin velocity of the fan.
摘要:
A heating apparatus includes at least a pair of regenerative burner units having a fuel injection nozzle and a heat regenerator provided for a combustion air supply path. One regenerative burner unit is supplied with fuel through a fuel shut-off valve and a fuel change-over valve, and supplied with combustion air through a supply and exhaust change-over valve to perform combustion operation. The other regenerative burner unit performs heat regenerating operation by passing a combustion waste gas. Operations of the fuel shut-off valve, the fuel change-over valve and the supply and exhaust change-over valve are controlled depending upon an operation parameter of the heating apparatus.
摘要:
A stationary weakly expanded fluid bed for combustion of coal, refuse, sludge and the like has a free space above the fluid bed in which a so-called upper firing is effected with secondary air. The temperature of the secondary air is maintained above the temperature of the fluid bed to handle problems resulting from variations in fuel quality and varying loads and guarantees a stable upper firing.