公开(公告)号：US06771737B2

公开(公告)日：2004-08-03

申请号：US09902659

申请日：2001-07-12

Applicant: Graham S. Kerslick ,  Victor I. Chornenky ,  Ali Jaafar

Inventor： Graham S. Kerslick ,  Victor I. Chornenky ,  Ali Jaafar

IPC: H01J3500

CPC classification number: A61N5/1001 ,  A61N5/1002 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2235/062 ,  H01J2235/164

Abstract: A cathode for a miniature X-ray device includes an insulating shell, a cathode and an anode. The cathode includes a focusing cup formed into an end. The focusing cup can include a thin metal layer that conforms to an inner surface of the cathode. An emitting material having a low work function, such as diamond, is deposited directly onto the internal surface of the focusing cup. The anode has a flat receiving surface for collecting electrons emitted from the anode. An interior coating is applied as a circumferential belt on the interior surface of the insulating shell. The interior coating, formed of a negative secondary emission yield material, extends lengthwise in the region of the cathode to an anode gap, covering the region of the insulating shell most likely to be subject to stray electrons emitted from the cathode.

Abstract translation: 用于微型X射线装置的阴极包括绝缘壳，阴极和阳极。 阴极包括形成在一端的聚焦杯。 聚焦杯可以包括符合阴极内表面的薄金属层。 具有低功函数的发射材料（例如金刚石）直接沉积在聚焦杯的内表面上。 阳极具有用于收集从阳极发射的电子的平坦的接收表面。 内部涂层作为周向带施加在绝缘壳体的内表面上。 由负二次发射产生材料形成的内部涂层在阴极的区域中纵向延伸到阳极间隙，覆盖最可能经受从阴极发射的杂散电子的绝缘壳体的区域。

公开(公告)号：US20040008818A1

公开(公告)日：2004-01-15

申请号：US10363134

申请日：2003-03-06

Inventor： Pelle Rangsten ,  Carolina Ribbing ,  Klas Hjort ,  Jonas Tiren

IPC: H05H001/00 ,  G21G004/00

CPC classification number: A61N5/1001 ,  A61N5/1002 ,  H01J35/04 ,  H01J35/065 ,  H01J35/186 ,  H01J2235/164

Abstract: A miniaturized X-ray source is disclosed. It comprises an anode structure (43) and a cathode structure (41), each having an essentially pointed portion (44, 42), wherein at least the pointed portions being directed towards each other and enclosed in a vacuum cavity (49). The anode structure has an essentially dome shaped structure having a first essentially flat part (46) surrounded by a second essentially flat part (48), connected by a wall section (47), such that said first and second parts are located at different levels. The pointed portion is provided on said first flat portion and having an extension such that the apex of said pointed portion does not extend beyond the level of said second essentially flat part. A method of making an X-ray source is also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种小型化X射线源。 它包括阳极结构（43）和阴极结构（41），每个阳极结构（43）具有基本上尖的部分（44,42），其中至少尖端部分被引导朝向彼此并封闭在真空空腔（49）中。 阳极结构具有基本上圆顶形的结构，其具有由第二基本上平坦的部分（48）围绕的第一基本上平坦的部分（46），所述第二基本上平坦的部分（48）由壁部分（47）连接，使得所述第一和第二部分位于不同的水平 。 尖部设置在所述第一平坦部分上并且具有延伸部，使得所述尖部的顶点不延伸超过所述第二基本平坦部分的高度。 还公开了制造X射线源的方法。

公开(公告)号：US20030179854A1

公开(公告)日：2003-09-25

申请号：US10392167

申请日：2003-03-19

Inventor： Ali Jaafar

IPC: H05H001/00

CPC classification number: A61N5/1001 ,  H01J35/065 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2235/064 ,  H01J2235/164

Abstract: The present invention provides apparatus and method for providing a stabilized x-ray output from a field emission x-ray apparatus by monitoring the operating current and adjusting the gap between the anode and cathode to stabilize the output.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种用于通过监测工作电流并调节阳极和阴极之间的间隙来提供来自场发射x射线装置的稳定的x射线输出以稳定输出的装置和方法。

公开(公告)号：US06546077B2

公开(公告)日：2003-04-08

申请号：US09760815

申请日：2001-01-17

Applicant: Victor I. Chornenky ,  Eunsung Park ,  Graham S. Kerslick ,  Ali Jaafar ,  Mark Gailloux

Inventor： Victor I. Chornenky ,  Eunsung Park ,  Graham S. Kerslick ,  Ali Jaafar ,  Mark Gailloux

IPC: H01J3500

CPC classification number: A61N5/1001 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2235/164

Abstract: An emitter for a miniature X-ray apparatus comprises an insulating shell, an anode, and a cathode. The insulating shell includes a conical brazing surface, brazed to a conical brazing surface on the anode. The braze consists of a pure titanium layer and a pure tin layer. During brazing, the pure metals react and bond to the insulating shell and create a titanium-tin alloy between the pure layers. Pure tin is sputtered from tin sputter target onto the exposed brazing surfaces of the cathode cap and the anode. The insulating shell is placed in a vacuum chamber of deposition applicator, which deposits an active metal onto the shell brazing surface. In a brazing oven, the anode is placed within insulating shell such that the anode conical brazing surface and the shell conical brazing surface are contacting and aligned with each other. During brazing, the cathode is brought into contact with the insulating shell. The sealed emitters are placed in a sputtering machine's vacuum chamber. A metal is sputtered from a sputtering target to form a metal layer on the exterior of insulating shell.

公开(公告)号：US20020090053A1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-11

申请号：US09756287

申请日：2001-01-09

Inventor： Victor I. Chornenky ,  Ali Jaafar ,  Graham S. Kerslick

IPC: A61N005/10

CPC classification number: A61N5/1001 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2235/164

Abstract: An insulating housing shell for a miniature x-ray emitter is provided. The housing shell is cut from a quartz monocrystal which is a suitable material for the insulating housing shell due to its resistivity and dielectric strength properties. The x-ray emitter can be inserted into a subject's body to deliver x-ray radiation. The emitter includes a cable, having a proximal and a distal portion. The insulating housing shell is coupled to the distal portion of the cable, and an anode and a cathode are disposed within the insulating housing shell. The cathode has a granular surface and is operative with the anode and the connector to produce the x-ray radiation. The cathode is composed of a material that also allows it to act as a getter.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于微型x射线发射器的绝缘外壳。 壳体由石英单晶切割，由于其电阻率和介电强度特性，绝缘外壳是合适的材料。 X射线发射器可插入受试者的身体以传送X射线辐射。 发射器包括具有近端部分和远端部分的电缆。 绝缘壳体壳体耦合到电缆的远端部分，阳极和阴极设置在绝缘外壳壳体内。 阴极具有颗粒表面并且与阳极和连接器一起工作以产生x射线辐射。 阴极由也可以用作吸气剂的材料组成。

公开(公告)号：US06415016B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-02

申请号：US09756287

申请日：2001-01-09

Applicant: Victor I. Chornenky ,  Ali Jaafar ,  Graham S. Kerslick

Inventor： Victor I. Chornenky ,  Ali Jaafar ,  Graham S. Kerslick

IPC: H01J3500

CPC classification number: A61N5/1001 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2235/164

Abstract: An insulating housing shell for a miniature x-ray emitter is provided. The housing shell is cut from a quartz monocrystal which is a suitable material for the insulating housing shell due to its resistivity and dielectric strength properties. The x-ray emitter can be inserted into a subject's body to deliver x-ray radiation. The emitter includes a cable, having a proximal and a distal portion. The insulating housing shell is coupled to the distal portion of the cable, and an anode and a cathode are disposed within the insulating housing shell. The cathode has a granular surface and is operative with the anode and the connector to produce the x-ray radiation. The cathode is composed of a material that also allows it to act as a getter.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于微型x射线发射器的绝缘外壳。 壳体由石英单晶切割，由于其电阻率和介电强度特性，绝缘外壳是合适的材料。 X射线发射器可插入受试者的身体以传送X射线辐射。 发射器包括具有近端部分和远端部分的电缆。 绝缘壳体壳体耦合到电缆的远端部分，阳极和阴极设置在绝缘外壳壳体内。 阴极具有颗粒表面并且与阳极和连接器一起工作以产生x射线辐射。 阴极由也可以用作吸气剂的材料组成。

公开(公告)号：US20020026089A1

公开(公告)日：2002-02-28

申请号：US09851430

申请日：2001-05-09

Inventor： Leif Smith

IPC: A61N005/00

CPC classification number: A61N5/1001 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2235/164

Abstract: A miniaturized radiation device, having a support member in the form of a flexible sheet, and a circuit pattern of electrical contact pads and interconnecting conductor lines or leads provided on said support member. The pads are interconnected via said patterned lines. There is also a plurality of radiation chips electrically connected to selected ones of said pads. Preferably the device is wrapped around a core member, that may be a wire, such that the assembly is suitable for the insertion into a living body for the controlled administration of radiation at a therapy location.

Abstract translation: 具有柔性片形式的支撑构件的小型化辐射装置和设置在所述支撑构件上的电接触焊盘和互连导体线或引线的电路图案。 焊盘通过所述图案线相互连接。 还有多个辐射芯片电连接到选定的所述焊盘。 优选地，该装置缠绕在芯构件上，芯构件可以是导线，使得该组件适于插入到活体中以在治疗位置处受控地施加辐射。

公开(公告)号：US08559598B2

公开(公告)日：2013-10-15

申请号：US12665491

申请日：2008-06-17

Applicant: Johann Kindlein ,  Evert Hendrik Agterhuis ,  Godefridus Hendricus Maria Gubbels ,  Frank Simonis

Inventor： Johann Kindlein ,  Evert Hendrik Agterhuis ,  Godefridus Hendricus Maria Gubbels ,  Frank Simonis

IPC: H01J35/00

CPC classification number: A61N5/1001 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/14 ,  H01J35/16 ,  H01J2235/062 ,  H01J2235/081 ,  H01J2235/087 ,  H01J2235/164 ,  H01J2235/165 ,  H01J2235/205

Abstract: A miniature X-ray source device for effecting radiation therapy at least comprising a vacuum tube containing a cathode and an anode spaced apart at some distance from each other; emitting means for emitting free electrons from the cathode; electric field generating means for applying during use a high-voltage electric field between the cathode and the anode for accelerating the emitted free electrons towards the anode, as well as an exit window for X-ray radiation being generating at the anode. The present invention provides an improved miniature X-ray source device, that can also properly be used in treating skin cancer and which is easy to handle. The anode is provided with a flat X-ray emitting surface. In particular, the cathode exhibits a concave shaped surface having a center part surrounded by an upright circumferential edge, wherein the center part of the concave shaped surface is provided with an electron emitting material.

Abstract translation: 一种用于进行放射治疗的微型X射线源装置，至少包括一个真空管，该真空管包含彼此间隔一定距离的阴极和阳极; 用于从阴极发射自由电子的发射装置; 电场产生装置，用于在使用期间施加阴极和阳极之间的高电压电场，用于加速向阳极发射的自由电子，以及在阳极处产生X射线辐射的出射窗口。 本发明提供一种改进的微型X射线源装置，其也可以适当地用于治疗皮肤癌，并且易于处理。 阳极设置有平坦的X射线发射表面。 特别地，阴极具有凹形状的表面，其中心部分被直立的周向边缘包围，其中凹形表面的中心部分设置有电子发射材料。

公开(公告)号：USRE41741E1

公开(公告)日：2010-09-21

申请号：US10790636

申请日：2004-03-01

Applicant: Mark Dinsmore

Inventor： Mark Dinsmore

IPC: A61N5/10

CPC classification number: H01J35/08 ,  A61N5/1001 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2235/164

Abstract: A therapeutic radiation source includes a spiral-shaped, laser-heated thermionic cathode. A fiber optic cable directs a beam of radiation, having a power level sufficient to heat at least a portion of the electron-emissive surface to an electron emitting temperature, from a laser source onto the cathode. The cathode generates an electron beam along a beam path by thermionic emission, and strikes a target positioned in its beam path. The target includes radiation emissive material that emits therapeutic radiation in response to incident accelerated electrons from the electron beam. The spiral-shaped conductive element has a plurality of spaced apart turns, and is disposed in a vacuum. An interstitial spacing is defined between adjacent turns, so that heat transfer across the spacing between each adjacent turn is essentially eliminated, thereby substantially reducing heat loss in the cathode caused by thermal conduction.

Abstract translation: 治疗性辐射源包括螺旋状激光加热的热离子阴极。 光纤电缆将具有足以将至少一部分电子发射表面的电子发射温度从激光源加热到阴极的辐射束引导。 阴极通过热离子发射沿光束路径产生电子束，并且撞击位于其光束路径中的目标。 目标包括响应于来自电子束的入射加速电子发射治疗辐射的辐射发射材料。 螺旋状导电元件具有多个间隔开的匝，并且设置在真空中。 在相邻匝之间限定间隙，从而基本上消除了每个相邻匝之间的间隔的热传递，从而大大减少了由热传导引起的阴极热损失。

公开(公告)号：US07158612B2

公开(公告)日：2007-01-02

申请号：US10371401

申请日：2003-02-21

Applicant: Thomas W. Rusch ,  Peter C. Smith ,  Steven D. Hansen ,  Paul A. Lovoi ,  Donald G. Pellinen

Inventor： Thomas W. Rusch ,  Peter C. Smith ,  Steven D. Hansen ,  Paul A. Lovoi ,  Donald G. Pellinen

IPC: H01J35/32 ,  H01J35/20

CPC classification number: H01J35/08 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2235/081 ,  H01J2235/087 ,  H01J2235/164

Abstract: A miniature x-ray tube has an anode assembly capable of transmitting x-rays through the anode and over a wide angular range. The anode is in the shape of a cone or truncated cone with an axis on the x-ray tube frame axis, formed of low-Z material with high thermal conductivity for heat dissipation. A target material on the anode body is in a thin layer, which may be approximately 0.5 to 5 microns thick. In one embodiment a tube evacuation exhaust port at the tail end of the anode assembly forms a cavity for a getter, with a pinched-off tubulation at the end of the cavity.

Abstract translation: 微型x射线管具有能够通过阳极透射x射线并且在宽角度范围内的阳极组件。 阳极呈圆锥形或截锥形，X射线管框架轴上具有轴，由具有高导热性的低Z材料形成，用于散热。 阳极体上的目标材料为薄层，其厚度可为约0.5至5微米。 在一个实施例中，在阳极组件的尾端处的排气排气口形成用于吸气剂的空腔，在空腔的端部处具有夹断的管道。