摘要:
A novel telescoping lining and support structure and method for lining tunnels and shafts is provided in which a plurality of first chordal segments are drawn into a tunnel or shaft hole in a reduced diameter state of compression, expanded diametrically one after another in place in said tunnel or shaft and keyed in the expanded state by a second smaller chordal segment which completes an annular ring segment with the first chordal segment in place.
摘要:
Construction element for creating a tunnel, including a first incompressible layer of concrete and a second compressible layer securely fastened to the first layer to form a monoblock prefabricated construction element configured to be integrated in a section of the tunnel during creation of the tunnel, the second layer including a plurality of devices each having a solid body integrating an empty space.
摘要:
The present invention provides for a compressible grout mix for filling an annular gap between a tunnel rock wall surface and a tunnel liner of a tunnel in a rock formation subject to time dependent deformation after excavation and a method of filling the annular gap between a tunnel rock wall surface and a tunnel liner of a tunnel in a rock formation subject to time dependent deformation after excavation utilizing the compressible grout mix for resilient absorption of forces in the hardened state of the compressible grout mix exerted by the time dependent deformation of the rock wall surface into the tunnel opening. The method includes:a. providing the compressible grout mix comprising hydraulic binding agent, bentonite clay, polymer foam particles, water-reducing admixture, water and air,b. placing the compressible grout mix in the annular gap between the tunnel wall rock surface and the tunnel liner, andc. allowing the compressible grout mix to set, wherein the compressible grout mix in the hardened state has a compressible ratio greater than the anticipated time dependent deformation.
摘要:
A compression body is inserted into the contraction joint between two tunnel lining elements, which body deforms in response to a compressive load caused by the tunnel lining elements moving towards each other. The compression body is composed of a material containing voids, and has a compressive strength of at least 1 MPa and a void fraction of between 10% and 90% of its total volume. The compression body may be composed, for example, of steel foam, or of a mixture which contains cement and blown-glass particles or plastic particles.When a predetermined compressive load is exceeded, the voids within the compression body collapse in a stepwise manner, or are compressed in a stepwise manner.
摘要:
The yieldable load support comprises a compressible support member in the form of an elongate timber pole. The load support or pole is asymmetrically modified at or near one end thereof in a manner to positively induce sideways brushing of the pole at the modified end, in a preferential direction transverse to the length of the pole, when the support member is placed under longitudinal compressive load of sufficient magnitude.
摘要:
A lining for a tunnel, shaft or the like comprising a series of rings joined in end-to-end relation wherein each ring comprises a plurality of segmental blocks connected together in side-by-side relation by at least one resiliently deformable fishplate which is secured to the blocks and wherein each ring is connected to an adjacent ring by bolts, each bolt passing through at least a portion of one block of each of two adjacent rings and serving to compress the or each fishplate located between said rings. Each block is made from a shell made of substantially water-proof, chemically inert material and comprising a base having a pair of side walls and a pair of end walls defining a mold cavity for receiving structural material, each side wall having an inwardly directed recess extending substantially the length of the side wall and each end wall having a groove adapted to receive part of a fishplate to secure the shell to another shell in side-by-side relation.
摘要:
Disclosed is a tunnel protection structure suitable for active fault areas and high ground stress areas, and relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering construction. The tunnel protection structure comprises at least one protection unit, wherein a plurality of protection units are sequentially connected and distributed along the axial direction of a tunnel, and the protection units comprise a radial protection ring and two axial protection rings which are fixedly arranged between a lining structure and surrounding rock and are distributed along the axial direction of the tunnel; the radial protection ring comprises a plurality of radial buffer energy consumption layers which are sequentially sleeved along the radial direction of the tunnel; and the axial protection ring comprises a plurality of axial buffer energy consumption layers which are sequentially and fixedly connected along the axial direction of the tunnel.
摘要:
A tunnel segment radial cross gasket includes a base side or face and a top side or face. A plurality of longitudinally extending spaced parallel grooves are disposed on the base side. One or more longitudinally oriented bores, which are spaced from each other, extend through the gasket. The top face of the gasket includes first and second sections, with the second section being tapered or angled in relation to the first section.