Abstract:
A disc-like record carrier (1) is disclosed on which control information is recorded. The control information comprises diameter information which is indicative of the diameter of the record carrier. An information recording and/or reading apparatus comprises a drive means (2) for rotatingly driving the disc-like record carrier (1). The apparatus comprises a control unit (5) which adapts the loop gain of a control loop (2, 3, 7, 8, 9) for controlling the number of revolutions per minute of the record carrier (1) in dependence on the control information recorded on the record carrier.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method of switching from a first to a second video sequence, in which it is provided, in order to avoid the creation of special access points such as splicing points defined in MPEG standard, to insert at the switching point, between the two sequences, an additional sequence of k pictures. These pictures, said minimal in that sense that they are coded with a reduced number of bits, may be for instance uniform color pictures or the repetition of a single previous I or P picture. Application: decoding systems with devices for switching from programs to other ones.
Abstract:
A method is described for reproducing video frames coded in accordance with an MPEG format, in which method a carrier provided with recordings is played with a speed which differs from the nominal playback speed, and in which the number of frames to be transferred to a display apparatus and generated by reading out is compensated in such a manner that the average number per unit of time is equal to a predetermined nominal number by repeating or by skipping B frames.
Abstract:
The invention relates to stores of information on a plurality of persons, such as a directory of subscribers to a communication network. In order to be able to browse through and select a particular person from such a store on the basis of image data, there is a need for a way of including image data into the store that is fast and easy. In accordance with the method of the invention, this is achieved by: establishing a video connection with a person whose image data is to be included; receiving a sequence of video frames making up the video connection; selecting a particular video frame from the sequence of video frames; and storing at least part of that particular video frame in the store.
Abstract:
The audio system comprises a circuit (12) for processing an audio signal, which circuit (12) comprises an input (20) for receiving the audio signal and an output (26) for supplying an output signal. The circuit (12) further includes a harmonics generator (22) coupled to the input (20) for generating harmonics of the audio signal and adding means (24) coupled to the input (20) as well as to the harmonics generator (22) for supplying a sum of the audio signal and the generated harmonics to the output (26). The harmonics generator (22) is embodied so as to limit the amplitude of the generated harmonics.
Abstract:
A method and device for providing instant replay in an MPEG video decoder. The method and device provides non-MPEG frame tags for correlation of the frames in the decompressed domain to the frames in the compressed domain.
Abstract:
Switching arrangement for igniting and operating of a high-pressure discharge lamp which is provided with: input terminals for connecting a power source, output terminals for connecting the lamp which is ignited and operated by the arrangement, a flyback converter having a semiconductor switching element and a transformer of which a primary coil is electrically connected to one of the input terminals and a secondary coil having a secondary coil voltage is connected to one of the output terminals, a control circuit for generating a switching signal for control of the semiconductor switching element in a conducting or a non-conducting switching state, means M for generating a control signal S intended for the control circuit, which signal S depends on the secondary coil voltage and on a current through the secondary coil.
Abstract:
Instructions for a processing unit are stored in a number of memory banks, successive instructions being stored in successive, different memory banks. Whenever execution of an instruction is started, the reading of one instruction which will be executed more than one instruction cycle later is also started. Consequently, a plurality of instructions are read in parallel from different memory banks. After the reading of an instruction, and before starting the execution of the instruction, the instruction passes through a pipeline in which the processing device detects whether the relevant instruction is a branch instruction. If this is so, the processing unit starts the reading in parallel of a number of instructions as from a branch target instruction. If it appears at a later stage that the branch is taken, said number of instructions is loaded into the pipeline in parallel.
Abstract:
In coding a sequence of pictures (P), a motion vector (MV) is established for a block of pixels (B(*,*;n)) in a current picture (P(n)) to be coded. The motion vector (MV) indicates a block of pixels (B(*,*;nnull1)) in a previous picture (P(nnull1)) which is similar to the block of pixels (B(*,*;n)) in the current picture (P(n)) to be coded. Data (D) relating to the block of pixels (B(*,*;n)) in the current picture (P(n)), is compressed (CMP). The extent to which the data (D) is compressed depends on a compression parameter (CP). The compression parameter (CP) is controlled on the basis of the motion vector (MV). Accordingly, data relating to a block of pixels representing a moving object can be compressed to a relatively small extent, whereas data relating to a block of pixels representing a stationary object can be compressed to a relatively large extent. This allows a relatively good picture quality at a decoding end.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a semiconductor device comprising a preferably discrete bipolar transistor with a collector region (1), a base region (2), and an emitter region (3) which are provided with connection conductors (6, 7, 8). A known means of preventing a saturation of the transistor is that the latter is provided with a Schottky clamping diode. The latter is formed in that case in that the connection conductor (7) of the base region (2) is also put into contact with the collector region (1). In a device according to the invention, the second connection conductor (7) is exclusively connected to the base region (2), and a partial region (2B) of that portion (2A) of the base region (2) which lies outside the emitter region (3), as seen in projection, lying below the second connection conductor (7) is given a smaller flux of dopant atoms. The bipolar transistor in a device according to the invention is provided with a pn clamping diode which is formed between the partial region (2B) and the collector region (1). Such a device has excellent properties, such as a short switching time (ts) and a saturation collector-emitter voltage (VCEsat) which is not too high, while having a low, non-variable and well reproducible leakage current, unlike the known device. The reduced flux of dopant atoms of the partial region (2B) is preferably realized in that the partial region (2B) is given a smaller doping concentration and/or thickness than the remainder (2A) of the portion of the base region (2) which lies outside the emitter region (3). In a favorable modification, a region (4) provided simultaneously with the emitter region (3) is present between the partial region (2B) and the second connection conductor (7).