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公开(公告)号：US5973259A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-26
申请号：US854302
申请日：1997-05-12
Applicant: Jonathan Sidney Edelson
Inventor： Jonathan Sidney Edelson
Abstract: A close spaced planar vacuum diode is constructed with a photoemissive first electrode and a low work function second electrode. As a result of photon flux on said photoemissive first electrode, electrons are emitted into the vacuum space and travel to said second electrode. This electron current may then flow through an external load, powering said external load.
Abstract translation: 采用光发射的第一电极和低功函数的第二电极构成一个紧密平面的真空二极管。 作为所述光发射第一电极上的光子通量的结果，电子被发射到真空空间中并行进到所述第二电极。 然后，该电子电流可以流过外部负载，为所述外部负载供电。
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公开(公告)号：US5780954A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-14
申请号：US787476
申请日：1997-01-22
Applicant: Edwin D. Davis
Inventor： Edwin D. Davis
CPC classification number: H01J45/00
Abstract: An improved thermionic electric converter uses a wire grid cathode to provide a larger surface area for electrons to boil off. Alternately or additionally, the larger electron emission surface area can be achieved by using a curved electron emission surface. A laser provides quantum interference to electrons just before they reach the anode, thereby lowering their energy levels such that they more readily are captured by the anode. The arrangement provides improved conversion efficiency and reduced electron scatter.
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公开(公告)号：US5722242A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-03
申请号：US573074
申请日：1995-12-15
Applicant: Jonathan S. Edelson
Inventor： Jonathan S. Edelson
CPC classification number: F25B21/00 , F28F13/16 , H01J45/00 , F25B2321/003 , Y02B30/66
Abstract: A Vacuum Diode Heat Pump is optimized for the most efficient pumping of heat by utilizing a cathode and anode of very low work function. The relationship of the work functions of cathode and anode are shown to be optimized when the cathode work function is the minimum value required to maintain current density saturation at the desired temperature, while the anode's work function is as low as possible, and in any case lower than the cathode's work function. When this relationship is obtained, the efficiency of the original device is improved. It is further shown that contact potential difference between cathode and anode may be set against the effects of space charge, resulting in an improved device whereby anode and cathode may be set at a greater distance from each other than has been previously envisaged.
Abstract translation: 真空二极管热泵通过利用极低功函的阴极和阳极进行了优化，可以最有效的吸收热量。 当阴极功函数是将电流密度饱和保持在所需温度所需的最小值，而阳极的功函数尽可能低时，阴极和阳极的功函数的关系被优化得到优化，并且在任何情况下 低于阴极的功能。 当获得这种关系时，提高了原始装置的效率。 进一步表明，阴极和阳极之间的接触电位差可以针对空间电荷的影响来设定，从而得到一种改进的装置，由此阳极和阴极可以被设置为比先前设想的更大的距离。
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194.发明授权Collector for thermionic energy converter covered with carbon like material and having a low electronic work function 失效用类似碳的材料覆盖并具有低电子功能功能的热电子能量转换器的收集器
公开(公告)号：US5578886A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-26
申请号：US190049
申请日：1994-01-31
Applicant: Leif Holmlid , Robert Svensson
Inventor： Leif Holmlid , Robert Svensson
CPC classification number: H01J45/00
Abstract: Collector for thermionic energy converter of a new type with low electronic work function. A thermionic energy converter includes an emitter and a collector and a space provided therebetween to which is supplied vapor of a thermionic material, for example cesium or other alkali metal. The emitter is heated from an external heat source so that it emits electrons to the collector. The collector is at least partly covered by a thin layer of a material, for example carbon, which is capable of interacting with the thermionic material and form excited states of this and maintain a layer of excited thermionic material on the surface of the collector. The new collector for thermionic converters exhibits a very low work function, which implies diminished losses is the energy conversion.
Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / SE92 / 00530 Sec。 371日期1994年1月31日 102（e）日期1994年1月31日PCT提交1992年7月29日PCT公布。 公开号WO93 / 03494 日期：1993年2月18日具有低电子功能的新型热电子能量转换器的收集器。 热电子能量转换器包括发射器和集电器以及设置在其间的空间，供应热电材料的蒸气，例如铯或其它碱金属。 发射极从外部热源加热，使其向集电极发射电子。 收集器至少部分被材料薄层例如碳覆盖，该材料能够与热离子材料相互作用并形成其激发态，并在收集器的表面上保持一层激发的热离子材料。 热离子转换器的新收集器表现出非常低的功函数，这意味着减少的能量转换损失。
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公开(公告)号：US5546743A
公开(公告)日：1996-08-20
申请号：US352237
申请日：1994-12-08
Applicant: Paul H. Conner
Inventor： Paul H. Conner
Abstract: An electron acceleration device uses thermionic fission cells, an electromagnetic scoop coil, and/or microwaves for power. A power control junction and electron injector control and feed free electrons in packets into the acceleration components that consist of a series of either induction module units, or radio-frequency linacs module units, having quadrapole magnet units in series between the induction module units or RF linac units. The RF linac and quadrapole series are surrounded by a Klystron series. At the high speed electron exit from the device, deflector plates control the exit path of the electrons to direct the course of a craft or electrons to a work area.
Abstract translation: 电子加速装置使用热离子裂变元件，电磁勺线圈和/或微波作为功率。 功率控制结和电子注入器控制并将分组中的自由电子馈送到由一系列感应模块单元或射频直线加速器模块单元组成的加速度分量中，该单元具有在感应模块单元或RF之间串联的四极磁体单元 直线加速器 RF直线加速器和四极杆系列由速调管系列包围。 在设备的高速电子出口处，偏转板控制电子的出口路径以将工艺或电子的过程引导到工作区域。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US5492570A
公开(公告)日：1996-02-20
申请号：US270690
申请日：1994-07-05
Applicant: Kevin Horner-Richardson , William G. Anderson
Inventor： Kevin Horner-Richardson , William G. Anderson
Abstract: The apparatus is a combined Alkali Metal Thermal to Electric Converter (AMTEC) and a thermionic energy converter which are mated by the use of a common heat transfer device which can be a heat pipe, pumped fluid or a simple heat conduction path. By adjusting the heat output surface area of the thermionic converter and the heat input surface area of the AMTEC, the heat transfer device accomplishes not only the transfer of heat from the output of the thermionic converter to the input of the AMTEC, but also the transformation of the heat density to match the requirements of the AMTEC input. The electrical current through the combined devices is also matched by adjusting the heated surface area of the AMTEC.
Abstract translation: 该装置是通过使用可以是热管，泵送流体或简单导热路径的公共传热装置配合的碱金属热电转换器（AMTEC）和热电子能量转换器。 通过调节热离子转换器的热输出表面积和AMTEC的热输入表面积，传热装置不仅能够将热量从热离子转换器的输出传递到AMTEC的输入端，而且还实现了转换 的热密度以满足AMTEC输入的要求。 通过调整AMTEC的加热表面积，也可以通过组合装置的电流匹配。
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公开(公告)号：US4667126A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-19
申请号：US444736
申请日：1982-11-26
Applicant: Gary O. Fitzpatrick
Inventor： Gary O. Fitzpatrick
Abstract: A thermionic converter (10) is set forth which includes an envelope (12) having an electron collector structure (22) attached adjacent to a wall (16). An electron emitter structure (24) is positioned adjacent the collector structure (22) and spaced apart from opposite wall (14). The emitter (24) and collector (22) structures are in a common chamber (20). The emitter structure (24) is heated substantially only by thermal radiation. Very small interelectrode gaps (28) can be maintained utilizing the thermionic converter (10) whereby increased efficiency results.
Abstract translation: 提出了一种热离子转换器（10），其包括具有邻近壁（16）附接的电子收集器结构（22）的外壳（12）。 电子发射器结构（24）邻近收集器结构（22）定位并且与相对的壁（14）间隔开。 发射器（24）和集电极（22）结构在共同的腔室（20）中。 发射极结构（24）基本上仅通过热辐射加热。 利用热离子转换器（10）可以保持非常小的电极间间隙（28），从而提高效率。
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公开(公告)号：US3983423A
公开(公告)日：1976-09-28
申请号：US539746
申请日：1975-01-09
Applicant: Ned S. Rasor , Edward J. Britt
Inventor： Ned S. Rasor , Edward J. Britt
IPC: H01J45/00
CPC classification number: H01J45/00
Abstract: A gas-filled thermionic converter is provided with a collector and an emitter having a main emitter region and an auxiliary emitter region in electrical contact with the main emitter region. The main emitter region is so positioned with respect to the collector that a main gap is formed therebetween and the auxiliary emitter region is so positioned with respect to the collector that an auxiliary gap is formed therebetween partially separated from the main gap with access allowed between the gaps to allow ionizable gas in each gap to migrate therebetween. With heat applied to the emitter the work function of the auxiliary emitter region is sufficiently greater than the work function of the collector so that an ignited discharge occurs in the auxiliary gap and the work function of the main emitter region is so related to the work function of the collector that an unignited discharge occurs in the main gap sustained by the ions generated in the auxiliary gap. A current flows through a load coupled across the emitter and collector due to the unignited discharge in the main gap.
Abstract translation: 气体充满的热离子转换器设置有集电极和发射极，其具有主发射极区域和与主发射极区域电接触的辅助发射极区域。 主发射极区域相对于集电器定位成在其间形成主间隙，并且辅助发射极区域相对于集电器被定位成在其间形成辅助间隙，其间与主间隙部分地分离， 间隙以允许每个间隙中的可电离气体在其间迁移。 通过加热到发射极，辅助发射极区的功函数充分大于集电极的功函数，使辅助间隙发生点火放电，主发射极区的功函数与功函数有关 在辅助间隙中产生的离子所维持的主间隙中发生无限放电。 由于主间隙中的无限放电，电流流过耦合在发射极和集电极两端的负载。
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公开(公告)号：US3932776A
公开(公告)日：1976-01-13
申请号：US600488
申请日：1966-12-09
Applicant: John B. Dunlay , Robert C. Howard
Inventor： John B. Dunlay , Robert C. Howard
CPC classification number: G21H1/106
Abstract: An energy source for a heat-utilizing device which includes a source of gamma radiation, an absorber of such radiation and a heat-utilization device in heat-transfer relationship with the absorber of gamma radiation. The enclosure of the energy source is so constructed that additional heat-utilizing device may also be energized from the same source of gamma radiation.
Abstract translation: 用于包括伽马辐射源的热利用装置的能量源，这种辐射的吸收器和与伽马辐射的吸收体传热关系的热利用装置。 能量源的外壳被构造成使得附加的热利用装置也可以从相同的γ辐射源激励。
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200.发明授权Thermionic gas-pressure-bonded sheathed insulators and method of producing same 失效THERMIONIC气压粘合绝缘子及其生产方法
公开(公告)号：US3736658A
公开(公告)日：1973-06-05
申请号：US3736658D
申请日：1970-10-12
Applicant: ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION
CPC classification number: C04B37/021 , C04B35/6455 , C04B2235/6567 , C04B2235/658 , C04B2235/6581 , C04B2237/343 , C04B2237/403 , C04B2237/52 , C04B2237/525 , C04B2237/60 , C04B2237/62 , C04B2237/68 , C04B2237/704 , C04B2237/706 , H01B3/004 , H01J45/00 , Y10S228/903 , Y10T29/49227
Abstract: The collector of a thermionic converter, an insulator, and a metal sheath for the insulator are directly gas-pressure-bonded together such that the trilayer thus formed is stress relieved and maintains good structural integrity during machining and during thermocycling caused by operation of the converter. The insulator is alumina and the collector and sheath consist either of niobium metal or Nb-1 wt percent Zr alloy.
Abstract translation: 用于绝缘体的热离子转换器，绝缘体和金属护套的收集器直接气压粘合在一起，使得如此形成的三层应力消除，并且在加工期间以及在由转换器的操作引起的热循环期间保持良好的结构完整性 。 绝缘体是氧化铝，集电体和护套由铌金属或Nb-1重量％的Zr合金组成。
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