Abstract:
A method is provided for calibrating a position-measuring system which includes the following steps: a) multiple measurements of positions of a structure of a sample held by a sample stage at different pressures of the gaseous medium in which the sample stage is arranged, b) ascertaining the pressure dependence when determining actual positions by use of an evaluation unit, c) establishing a calibration rule based on the ascertained pressure dependence, and d) applying the calibration rule when determining the actual positions.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing a metal strip (1) in a continuous casting and rolling process, in which a slab is first cast in a casting machine and is then fed to a finishing rolling mill situated downstream in the direction of feed (F) of the strip (1), where it is rolled. According to the invention, in order to enable the recycling of scrap while achieving a compact design, the following steps are performed in the event of a planned or unplanned production interruption in the finishing rolling mill: a) cutting through the strip (1) at a point (4) between the casting machine (2) and the finishing rolling mill by means of a cutting device (5); b) feeding the part of the strip (1) that follows the cut into a strip store (6) by means of a driver (7), the driver (7) being situated downstream of the cutting device (5) in the direction of feed (F); c) cutting through the strip (1) a second time by means of the cutting device (5) and cutting the following part of the strip (1) into pieces by means of the cutting device (5); d) cutting the stored strip section into pieces, preferably of a defined length. The invention further relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an aluminum hot strip rolling train comprises a multi-stand tandem finish rolling train (2) with at least one winding reel (8) arranged downstream in the rolling direction and at least one paired cooling section (4). The aim of the invention is to provide a solution which allows cooling curves and temperature-time paths in the rolling stock to be adjusted in an improved manner during an aluminum hot strip rolling process in a tandem finish rolling train. This is achieved in that the at least one cooling section (4) is arranged in the discharge region of the aluminum hot strip rolling train, and the tandem finish rolling train (2) is paired with at least one trimmer (6) arranged downstream in the rolling direction.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an injector apparatus (1) for the pyrometallurgical treatment of metals, molten metals and/or slags in a metallurgical unit or melting vessel, said apparatus comprising an injector device (2, 3) for producing a high-velocity gas jet (5) from an oxygen gas jet (6) and an ignited combustible gas/air mixture jet (7), in which the injector device (2, 3) comprises a de Laval nozzle element (8) for producing the oxygen gas jet (6), said de Laval nozzle element being arranged in a nozzle head part (41), and in which the combustible gas/air mixture (7) can be mixed by means of a mixing element (9) for mixing combustible gas (32) and air (36), wherein the de Laval nozzle element (8) and the mixing element (9) are arranged jointly along the center longitudinal axis (13) of the injector device (2, 3), one behind the other, such that they can be detached from one another.
Abstract:
A milling apparatus and method of milling aluminum ingots (30), wherein the milling apparatus (30) comprises a milling station (3) for milling the aluminum ingots (30) and a conveyor that transports the aluminum ingots (30) and that comprises one or more pallets (20) movable relative to the milling station (3) and designed to receive the aluminum ingots (30) to be milled and to transport these ingots through the milling station (3).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a roll arrangement for use in metallurgical technology, comprising a roll that has a roll barrel and two roll necks, and at least one neck bushing for accommodating at least one of the roll necks in a rotationally fixed manner. A carrier element that functions as a form-locking rotationally fixed connection is arranged between the roll neck and the neck bushing. In order to increase the load-bearing capacity of the roll bearing without increasing the size of or the mounting space for the roll bearing and at the same time ensure easy assembly, the roll neck is mounted in the neck bushing with some radial play such that a circumferential cavity is formed between the neck bushing and the roll neck in the unloaded stated as a result of the radial play. In order to increase the size of the cavity, the roll neck or the inner surface of the neck bushing additionally has a concave contour or profile.
Abstract:
Methods and systems are provided for the management, routing and reporting of toll-free telecommunications calls and data. Methods and systems are provided for pre-populating a call routing template based on natural language inputs and populating telecommunications routing codes at nodes of a call routing decision tree to generate a call routing template that may be identified and presented to a user interface based at least in part on a natural language input.
Abstract:
With a process for producing grain-oriented electrical steel strip by means of thin slab continuous casting, comprising the following process steps: a) smelting a steel with a smelt which, in addition to iron (Fe) and unavoidable impurities, contains Si: 2.00-4.00 wt %, C: 0.025-0.100 wt %, Mn: 0.060-0.500 wt %, Cu: 0.200-0.550 wt %, Alsl: 0.010-0.030 wt %, S: 1150° C., forming a finished steel strip having a pronounced Goss texture, and m) coating the finished steel strip which has undergone secondary recrystallization annealing with an electrically insulating layer and then stress-free annealing or stress-relief annealing the coated finished steel strip, an improved process for producing grain-oriented electrical steel strip by means of thin slab continuous casting is provided, by which it is possible to introduce an inhibitor into the steel strip, which controls secondary grain growth during secondary recrystallization annealing in a high-temperature bell-type annealing furnace.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a device for controlling and/or regulating an annealing or heat treatment furnace (2) of a production line (1) processing metal material, which comprises the annealing or heat treatment furnace (2) and at least one measuring instrument (7, 8, 17), which detects at least one material property of a strip material (6) located in the production line (1), wherein the annealing or heat treatment furnace (2) and the at least one measuring instrument (7, 8) interact in a regulating and/or control circuit of an automated process control, which regulates and/or controls the annealing or heat treatment furnace (2) in connection with a furnace control, wherein according to the invention, a solution is created wherein an improvement of the process control over the previously known prior art can be achieved. This is achieved in that the at least one measuring instrument (7, 8) is arranged behind the annealing or heat treatment furnace (2) in the strap material processing direction (5) and detects online a measured value reproducing and/or depicting a mechanical material property of the strap material (6) and transmits said measured value to a regulating and/or control unit (18) as a data transfer signal.
Abstract:
In a method for operating an indirect extrusion press, wherein the indirect extrusion press includes an indirect punch having a tool head that can be accommodated on the indirect punch, a closure piece, and a longitudinally movable block holder having a material block accommodation for accommodating a material block, after pressing a material block and forming a shell in a shell chamber, a tool head to be replaced is pushed out of the block holder by a tool head to be inserted, so that very operationally reliable removal of a shell formed during one or more pressing procedures is possible. For this purpose, an indirect extrusion press can have a maximal distance between a closure piece and an indirect punch that corresponds at least to the sum of the expanses of the tool head and of the block holder in the movement direction.