Abstract:
A pole part of a switchgear assembly having a vacuum interrupter chamber is provided. To ensure that heat is dissipated to the exterior for convection, a thermally conductive heat transmission element in the form of a cylindrical casing is provided between the vacuum interrupter chamber, a contact holder and an encapsulation casing. An inner surface of the heat transmission element rests on the vacuum interrupter chamber and the contact holder, and an outer surface of the heat transmission element rests on an inner surface of the encapsulation casing inner surface. The heat transmission element can be produced from a thermally conductive plastic using an injection-molding or molding-compound production process. The heat transmission element can be connected to the pole part through openings. The heat transmission element can be arranged before the encapsulation of with an encapsulation compound, and be cast in the encapsulation casing.
Abstract:
The invention concerns a method and computer program product for determining the direction of fault in an electrical power system as well as to a fault handling device. In the fault handling device the voltage at a measurement node of the power system is measured, the phase (φPF) of this voltage (VPF) before a fault is stored, the phase (φF) of this voltage (VF) at the end of a time interval (TI) following directly after a detected fault is determined, a phase offset (φO) is determined as the difference between the phase (φPF) of the measured voltage (VPF) before the fault and the phase (φF) of the measured voltage (VF) at the end of the time interval (TI) and the phase (φF) of the measured voltage (VF) after the detection of the fault is adjusted with the phase offset (φO). Thereafter the adjusted measured voltage is used in determining the direction of fault in relation to the measurement node.
Abstract:
A fast recovery diode includes a base layer of a first conductivity type. The base layer has a cathode side and an anode side opposite the cathode side. An anode buffer layer of a second conductivity type having a first depth and a first maximum doping concentration is arranged on the anode side. An anode contact layer of the second conductivity type having a second depth, which is lower than the first depth, and a second maximum doping concentration, which is higher than the first maximum doping concentration, is also arranged on the anode side. A space charge region of the anode junction at a breakdown voltage is located in a third depth between the first and second depths. A defect layer with a defect peak is arranged between the second and third depths.
Abstract:
A plant for transmitting electric power through HVDC comprises two converter stations interconnected by a bipolar direct voltage network and each connected to an alternating voltage network. Each converter station has a Voltage Source Converter with switching cells each including at least one energy storing capacitor. The Voltage Source Converters are configured to utilize a direct voltage having a higher magnitude for a first of the poles than for a second thereof with respect to ground.
Abstract:
A method and an apparatus for calculating the separation time of the arcing contacts of a high-voltage switchgear which is operatively coupled to a synchronous switching device and to an auxiliary switch having auxiliary contacts operatively connected to the arcing contacts. During execution of a predefined test condition the separation time of the arcing contacts and of the auxiliary contacts is measured. The time delay between the measured separation time of the arcing contacts and of the auxiliary contacts is calculated. Upon separation of the arcing contacts under an operating condition other than the predefined test condition, the separation time of the auxiliary contacts is measured. Then, the separation time of the arcing contacts is calculated as the difference between the separation time of the auxiliary contacts measured during the operating condition other than the predefined test condition and the calculated time delay.
Abstract:
A method of manufacturing a transformer is provided. The method includes forming a disc-wound coil by forming a first conductor layer, a second conductor layer and a layer of cooling ducts between the first and second conductor layers. The first and second conductor layers each have a plurality of disc windings arranged in an axial direction of the disc-wound coil. Each of the disc windings includes a conductor wound into a plurality of concentric turns.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to a method of forming a transformer having a stacked core, which includes upper and lower yokes and first and second outer legs. The core also includes one or more inner legs. Each of the upper and lower yokes is formed from a stack of plates and has a rectangular cross-section. Each inner leg is formed from a stack of plates and has a cruciform cross-section. Each of the first and second outer legs is formed from a stack of plates and may have a cruciform cross-section.
Abstract:
A modular test plug assembly is disclosed having a design which may be arranged in a plurality of different configurations. The test plug assembly includes a plurality of modules, having blades for insertion into a test switch assembly. The modules are positioned in a stacked arrangement and are secured together by end plates and a rod extending therebetween.
Abstract:
A method and an electronic device are provided for logging process variables of a bus-controlled automation system in which process variables which are relevant to evaluation are buffered in at least one digital field device and are subsequently read, for the purpose of evaluation, by a central computer unit which is connected to the field device via a data bus. Process variable values which are relevant to evaluation are buffered in the field device in the form of a message, a plurality of equidistantly successive process variable values are recorded as messages, where the first process variable value is assigned a time stamp recorded for each message, and further process variable values are stored in further identical messages.
Abstract:
A disc winding of a power transformer or a choke is provided. The disc winding includes a plurality of parallel single strand conductors. The working time for bending the strand conductors of cross-overs is reduced by sharing the winding axially in plurality of sections, and the cross-overs within a section are identical twin cross-overs. The the strand conductors are bent in two groups, and a standardized twin transposition cross-over is provided between the sections such that the strand conductors are being bent in two groups. The outermost strand conductor is in the first group, and the remaining strand conductors are in the other group.