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公开(公告)号：US07548132B2
公开(公告)日：2009-06-16
申请号：US11796821
申请日：2007-04-28
IPC分类号： H03B5/12
CPC分类号： H03L1/02 , H03B5/04 , H03B5/1215 , H03B5/1228 , H03B5/1243 , H03B5/1253 , H03B5/1265 , H03B2200/0038 , H03B2200/005 , H03B2200/0098 , H03J2200/10 , H03L1/00 , H03L1/026 , H03L7/00 , H03L7/06 , H03L7/0812 , H03L7/099 , H03L7/24
摘要： In various embodiments, the invention provides a clock generator and/or a timing and frequency reference, with multiple operating modes, such power conservation, clock, reference, and pulsed modes. The various apparatus embodiments include a resonator adapted to provide a first signal having a resonant frequency; an amplifier; a temperature compensator adapted to modify the resonant frequency in response to temperature; and a process variation compensator adapted to modify the resonant frequency in response to fabrication process variation. In addition, the various embodiments may also include a frequency divider adapted to divide the first signal having the resonant frequency into a plurality of second signals having a corresponding plurality of frequencies substantially equal to or lower than the resonant frequency; and a frequency selector adapted to provide an output signal from the plurality of second signals. The output signal may be provided in any of various forms, such as differential or single-ended, and substantially square-wave or sinusoidal.
摘要翻译： 在各种实施例中，本发明提供具有多种操作模式的时钟发生器和/或定时和频率参考，例如功率节省，时钟，参考和脉冲模式。 各种装置实施例包括适于提供具有谐振频率的第一信号的谐振器; 放大器 温度补偿器，其适于根据温度修改谐振频率; 以及适于响应于制造工艺变化来修改谐振频率的工艺变化补偿器。 此外，各种实施例还可以包括分频器，其适于将具有谐振频率的第一信号划分成具有基本上等于或低于谐振频率的相应多个频率的多个第二信号; 以及适于提供来自所述多个第二信号的输出信号的频率选择器。 输出信号可以以各种形式提供，例如差分或单端，以及基本方波或正弦。
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22.发明授权Frequency calibration for a monolithic clock generator and timing/frequency reference 有权单片时钟发生器的频率校准和定时/频率参考公开(公告)号：US07548125B2
公开(公告)日：2009-06-16
申请号：US11805427
申请日：2007-05-23
摘要： Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide a system, method and apparatus for frequency calibration of a free-running, reference harmonic oscillator. An exemplary system comprises the harmonic oscillator, a frequency divider, a comparator, and a reactance modulator. The reference harmonic oscillator includes a plurality of switchable reactance modules controlled by corresponding coefficients, and provides an oscillation signal having an oscillation frequency, which is divided or multiplied by the frequency divider to provide an output signal having an output frequency. The comparator compares the output frequency to an externally supplied reference frequency using first and second predetermined levels of discrimination, and provides first or second comparison signals when the output frequency is higher or lower than the reference frequency. The reactance modulator determines a plurality of coefficients to control switching of the plurality of switchable reactance modules to increase or decrease a reactance of the oscillator in response to the first and second comparison signals.
摘要翻译： 本发明的示例性实施例提供了一种用于自由运行的参考谐波振荡器的频率校准的系统，方法和装置。 示例性系统包括谐波振荡器，分频器，比较器和电抗调制器。 参考谐波振荡器包括由相应系数控制的多个可切换电抗模块，并且提供具有振荡频率的振荡信号，该振荡信号被分频器分频或乘以分频器以提供具有输出频率的输出信号。 比较器使用第一和第二预定等级的鉴别比较输出频率与外部提供的参考频率，并且当输出频率高于或低于参考频率时提供第一或第二比较信号。 电抗调制器确定多个系数以控制多个可切换电抗模块的切换，以响应于第一和第二比较信号增加或减小振荡器的电抗。
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公开(公告)号：US20090146751A1
公开(公告)日：2009-06-11
申请号：US11950707
申请日：2007-12-05
申请人： Scott Michael Pernia , Michael Shannon McCorquodale , Nam Duc Nguyen , Justin O'Day , Ralph Beaudouin , Sundus Kubba
发明人： Scott Michael Pernia , Michael Shannon McCorquodale , Nam Duc Nguyen , Justin O'Day , Ralph Beaudouin , Sundus Kubba
CPC分类号： H03L7/08 , H03B5/1215 , H03B5/1228 , H03B5/1243 , H03B5/1293 , H03L1/02 , H03L5/00
摘要： Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide a reference signal generator, system and method. An exemplary apparatus to generate a harmonic reference signal includes a reference resonator, such as an LC-tank, and a frequency controller. The reference resonator generates a first reference signal having a resonant frequency, and the frequency controller maintains substantially constant a magnitude of a peak amplitude of the first reference signal and maintains substantially constant a common mode voltage level of the reference resonator. A temperature-dependent control voltage is also generated and utilized to maintain the resonant frequency substantially constant or within a predetermined variance of a calibrated or selected frequency.
摘要翻译： 本发明的示例性实施例提供了一种参考信号发生器，系统和方法。 用于产生谐波参考信号的示例性装置包括参考谐振器，例如LC槽和频率控制器。 参考谐振器产生具有谐振频率的第一参考信号，并且频率控制器维持第一参考信号的峰值幅度的幅度基本上恒定，并且保持参考谐振器的共模电压电平基本恒定。 还产生温度依赖性控制电压并用于维持谐振频率基本上恒定或在校准或选定频率的预定变化范围内。
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24.发明申请Control Voltage Generator for a Clock, Frequency Reference, and Other Reference Signal Generator 有权用于时钟，频率参考和其他参考信号发生器的控制电压发生器公开(公告)号：US20090146719A1
公开(公告)日：2009-06-11
申请号：US12013438
申请日：2008-01-12
申请人： Scott Michael Pernia , Michael Shannon McCorquodale , Nam Duc Nguyen , Justin O'Day , Ralph Beaudouin , Sundus Kubba
发明人： Scott Michael Pernia , Michael Shannon McCorquodale , Nam Duc Nguyen , Justin O'Day , Ralph Beaudouin , Sundus Kubba
摘要： Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide a reference signal generator, system and method. An exemplary apparatus to generate a harmonic reference signal includes a reference resonator, such as an LC-tank, a control voltage generator adapted to provide a temperature-dependent control voltage; and a plurality of variable reactance modules. The reference resonator generates a first reference signal having a resonant frequency, and each reactance module is adapted to modify a corresponding reactance in response to the control voltage to maintain the resonant frequency substantially constant or within a predetermined variance over a predetermined temperature range. A frequency controller may also be included to maintain substantially constant a magnitude of a peak amplitude of the first reference signal and maintains substantially constant a common mode voltage level of the reference resonator.
摘要翻译： 本发明的示例性实施例提供了一种参考信号发生器，系统和方法。 产生谐波参考信号的示例性装置包括参考谐振器，例如LC槽，适于提供温度依赖控制电压的控制电压发生器; 以及多个可变电抗模块。 参考谐振器产生具有谐振频率的第一参考信号，并且每个电抗模块适于响应于控制电压修改相应的电抗，以使谐振频率基本上恒定或在预定的温度范围内的预定方差内。 还可以包括频率控制器以保持第一参考信号的峰值幅度的幅度基本上恒定，并且保持参考谐振器的共模电压电平基本恒定。
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25.发明授权Frequency calibration for a monolithic clock generator and timing/frequency reference 有权单片时钟发生器的频率校准和定时/频率参考公开(公告)号：US07248124B2
公开(公告)日：2007-07-24
申请号：US11232409
申请日：2005-09-20
CPC分类号： H03B5/06 , H03B5/04 , H03B5/1212 , H03B5/1228 , H03B5/124 , H03B2200/0038 , H03B2200/005 , H03B2200/0098 , H03J2200/10 , H03L1/00 , H03L1/026 , H03L3/00 , H03L7/0812 , H03L7/089 , H03L7/093 , H03L7/099 , H03L7/183 , H03L7/24
摘要： Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide a system, method and apparatus for frequency calibration of a free-running, harmonic oscillator. A reference oscillator provides a reference frequency. An exemplary system comprises the harmonic oscillator, a frequency divider, a comparator, and a reactance modulator. The oscillator comprises a plurality of switchable reactance modules and a coefficient register, and provides an oscillation signal having an oscillation frequency. The frequency divider provides an output frequency as a fraction of the oscillation frequency. The comparator compares the output and reference frequencies and provides a comparison signal when the output frequency is not substantially equal to the reference frequency. The reactance modulator determines and provides to the coefficient register a first plurality of coefficients to control switching of a first subset of the reactance modules to increase the reactance of the oscillator when the output frequency is greater than the reference frequency, and a second plurality of coefficients to control switching of a second subset of the reactance modules to decrease the reactance of the oscillator when the output frequency is less than the reference frequency.
摘要翻译： 本发明的示例性实施例提供了一种用于自由运行的谐波振荡器的频率校准的系统，方法和装置。 参考振荡器提供参考频率。 示例性系统包括谐波振荡器，分频器，比较器和电抗调制器。 振荡器包括多个可切换电抗模块和系数寄存器，并提供具有振荡频率的振荡信号。 分频器将输出频率提供为振荡频率的一部分。 比较器比较输出和参考频率，并在输出频率基本上不等于参考频率时提供比较信号。 电抗调制器确定并向系数寄存器提供第一多个系数以控制电抗模块的第一子集的切换，以在输出频率大于参考频率时提高振荡器的电抗，并且第二多个系数 以当输出频率小于参考频率时，控制电抗模块的第二子集的切换以减小振荡器的电抗。
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公开(公告)号：US07227423B2
公开(公告)日：2007-06-05
申请号：US11084962
申请日：2005-03-21
IPC分类号： H03B5/12
CPC分类号： H03L1/02 , H03B5/04 , H03B5/1215 , H03B5/1228 , H03B5/1243 , H03B5/1253 , H03B5/1265 , H03B2200/0038 , H03B2200/005 , H03B2200/0098 , H03J2200/10 , H03L1/00 , H03L1/026 , H03L7/00 , H03L7/06 , H03L7/0812 , H03L7/099 , H03L7/24
摘要： In various embodiments, the invention provides a clock generator and/or a timing and frequency reference, with multiple operating modes, such power conservation, clock, reference, and pulsed modes. The various apparatus embodiments include a resonator adapted to provide a first signal having a resonant frequency; an amplifier; a temperature compensator adapted to modify the resonant frequency in response to temperature; and a process variation compensator adapted to modify the resonant frequency in response to fabrication process variation. In addition, the various embodiments may also include a frequency divider adapted to divide the first signal having the resonant frequency into a plurality of second signals having a corresponding plurality of frequencies substantially equal to or lower than the resonant frequency; and a frequency selector adapted to provide an output signal from the plurality of second signals. The output signal may be provided in any of various forms, such as differential or single-ended, and substantially square-wave or sinusoidal.
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27.发明授权Integrated circuit systems having processor-controlled clock signal generators therein that support efficient power management 有权其中具有处理器控制的时钟信号发生器的集成电路系统支持高效的电源管理公开(公告)号：US08095813B2
公开(公告)日：2012-01-10
申请号：US11967236
申请日：2007-12-30
IPC分类号： G06F1/32
CPC分类号： G06F1/3203 , G06F1/324 , H03K3/354 , Y02D10/126
摘要： Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide a clock generation apparatus, system, and method, which include power management. The apparatus is couplable to second circuitry which has a clock input terminal and an inverted clock output terminal. An exemplary apparatus comprises a clock generator, a sensor, and a processor. The clock generator provides a clock signal on a first terminal which is couplable to the clock input terminal of the second circuitry. The sensor is coupled to a second terminal which is couplable to the inverted clock output terminal, and detects a power conservation mode and a power resumption mode of the second circuitry. The processor is adapted to reduce power to the clock generator and to provide a first predetermined voltage or a second predetermined voltage to the first and second terminals in response to the detection of the power conservation mode, and to increase power to the clock generator in response to the detection of the power resumption mode.
摘要翻译： 本发明的示例性实施例提供了一种包括电源管理的时钟发生装置，系统和方法。 该装置可连接到具有时钟输入端和反相时钟输出端的第二电路。 示例性装置包括时钟发生器，传感器和处理器。 时钟发生器在第一终端上提供时钟信号，其可耦合到第二电路的时钟输入端。 传感器耦合到可与反相时钟输出端耦合的第二端子，并且检测第二电路的功率节省模式和功率恢复模式。 处理器适于减少时钟发生器的功率，并且响应于功率节省模式的检测而向第一和第二端子提供第一预定电压或第二预定电压，并响应于时钟发生器的功率增加 以检测功率恢复模式。
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公开(公告)号：US07924110B2
公开(公告)日：2011-04-12
申请号：US12435269
申请日：2009-05-04
CPC分类号： H03L1/02 , H03B5/04 , H03B5/1215 , H03B5/1228 , H03B5/1243 , H03B5/1253 , H03B5/1265 , H03B2200/0038 , H03B2200/005 , H03B2200/0098 , H03J2200/10 , H03L1/00 , H03L1/026 , H03L7/00 , H03L7/06 , H03L7/0812 , H03L7/099 , H03L7/24
摘要： In various embodiments, the invention provides a clock generator and/or a timing and frequency reference, with multiple operating modes, such power conservation, clock, reference, and pulsed modes. The various apparatus embodiments include a resonator adapted to provide a first signal having a resonant frequency; an amplifier; a temperature compensator adapted to modify the resonant frequency in response to temperature; and a process variation compensator adapted to modify the resonant frequency in response to fabrication process variation. In addition, the various embodiments may also include a frequency divider adapted to divide the first signal having the resonant frequency into a plurality of second signals having a corresponding plurality of frequencies substantially equal to or lower than the resonant frequency; and a frequency selector adapted to provide an output signal from the plurality of second signals. The output signal may be provided in any of various forms, such as differential or single-ended, and substantially square-wave or sinusoidal.
摘要翻译： 在各种实施例中，本发明提供具有多种操作模式的时钟发生器和/或定时和频率参考，例如功率节省，时钟，参考和脉冲模式。 各种装置实施例包括适于提供具有谐振频率的第一信号的谐振器; 放大器 温度补偿器，其适于根据温度修改谐振频率; 以及适于响应于制造工艺变化来修改谐振频率的工艺变化补偿器。 此外，各种实施例还可以包括分频器，其适于将具有谐振频率的第一信号划分成具有基本上等于或低于谐振频率的相应多个频率的多个第二信号; 以及适于提供来自所述多个第二信号的输出信号的频率选择器。 输出信号可以以各种形式提供，例如差分或单端，以及基本方波或正弦。
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29.发明授权Inductor and capacitor-based clock generator and timing/frequency reference 有权基于电感和电容的时钟发生器和定时/频率参考公开(公告)号：US07872541B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-18
申请号：US12345280
申请日：2008-12-29
IPC分类号： H03B5/08
CPC分类号： G06F1/04 , G06F1/08 , H03B5/06 , H03B5/1212 , H03B5/1215 , H03B5/1221 , H03B5/1228 , H03B5/124 , H03B2201/025 , H03J1/0008 , H03J2200/10 , H03L1/022 , H03L3/00 , H03L7/08 , H03L7/0812 , H03L7/099
摘要： In various embodiments, the invention provides a clock generator and/or a timing and frequency reference comprising an LC oscillator with a frequency controller to control and provide a stable resonant frequency. Such stability is provided over variations in a selected parameter such as temperature and fabrication process variations. The various apparatus embodiments include a sensor to provide a signal in response to at least one parameter of a plurality of parameters; and a frequency controller to modify the resonant frequency in response to the second signal. In exemplary embodiments, the sensor is implemented as a current source responsive to temperature fluctuations, and the frequency controller is implemented as a plurality of controlled reactance modules which are selectively couplable to the oscillator or to one or more control voltages. The controlled reactance modules may include fixed or variable capacitances or inductances, and may be binary weighted. Arrays of resistive modules are also provided, to generate one or more control voltages.
摘要翻译： 在各种实施例中，本发明提供一种时钟发生器和/或定时和频率参考，其包括具有频率控制器的LC振荡器以控制和提供稳定的谐振频率。 这样的稳定性是在所选择的参数如温度和制造工艺变化的变化中提供的。 各种装置实施例包括传感器，以响应于多个参数的至少一个参数来提供信号; 以及频率控制器，用于响应于所述第二信号来修改所述谐振频率。 在示例性实施例中，响应于温度波动将传感器实现为电流源，并且频率控制器被实现为可选择性地耦合到振荡器或一个或多个控制电压的多个受控电抗模块。 受控电抗模块可以包括固定或可变电容或电感，并且可以是二进制加权的。 还提供了电阻模块的阵列，以产生一个或多个控制电压。
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公开(公告)号：US07786812B2
公开(公告)日：2010-08-31
申请号：US12258216
申请日：2008-10-24
CPC分类号： H03L1/022 , H03B5/06 , H03B5/1212 , H03B5/1228 , H03B5/124 , H03B2201/025 , H03L3/00 , H03L7/08 , H03L7/0812 , H03L7/099
摘要： In various embodiments, the invention provides a frequency controller to control and provide a stable resonant frequency of a clock generator and/or a timing and frequency reference. Such stability is provided over variations in a selected parameter such as temperature and fabrication process variations. The various apparatus embodiments include a sensor adapted to provide a signal in response to at least one parameter of a plurality of parameters; and a frequency controller adapted to modify the resonant frequency in response to the second signal. In exemplary embodiments, the sensor is implemented as a current source responsive to temperature fluctuations, and the frequency controller is implemented as a plurality of controlled reactance modules which are selectively couplable to the resonator or to one or more control voltages. The controlled reactance modules may include fixed or variable capacitances or inductances, and may be binary weighted. Arrays of resistive modules are also provided, to generate one or more control voltages.
摘要翻译： 在各种实施例中，本发明提供一种频率控制器，用于控制并提供时钟发生器和/或定时和频率参考的稳定谐振频率。 这样的稳定性是在所选择的参数如温度和制造工艺变化的变化中提供的。 各种装置实施例包括适于响应于多个参数的至少一个参数提供信号的传感器; 以及频率控制器，其适于响应于所述第二信号来修改所述谐振频率。 在示例性实施例中，响应于温度波动将传感器实现为电流源，并且频率控制器被实现为可选择地耦合到谐振器或一个或多个控制电压的多个受控电抗模块。 受控电抗模块可以包括固定或可变电容或电感，并且可以是二进制加权的。 还提供了电阻模块的阵列，以产生一个或多个控制电压。
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