Abstract:
The present invention provides a process for the determination of an antibody by incubation with three different reagents R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, of which R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 are present in liquid phase and are bindable with the antibody, R.sub.2 is present bound to a solid phase and is bindable with R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 carries a label, separation of the solid phase from the liquid phase and measurement of the label in the solid phase, wherein as R.sub.1 there is used a conjugate of a substance specifically recognized by the antibody to be determined and a reaction component of a specific binding system, as R.sub.3 there is used a conjugate of a substance specifically recognized by the antibody to be determined and a label and as R.sub.2 there is used the other binding component of the specific binding system.The present invention also provides a composition for the determination of an antibody, wherein it contains two different soluble reagents R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 specifically bindable with the antibody, of which R.sub.1 carries a reaction component of a specific binding system and R.sub.3 carries a label and also a receptor R.sub.2 which is present in solid phase and is bindable with the receptor R.sub.1, the insoluble receptor R.sub.2 and the soluble receptor R.sub.1 being present physically separated from one another.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for controlling the addition of an auxiliary fuel to combustion of at least one combustible material in a combustion chamber. In addition, the invention relates to the use of the process, in which the concentration is measured in the flue gas of at least one pollutant formed by incomplete combustion. In a second step, the rate of the auxiliary fuel fed to the combustion is increased when the concentration of the at least one pollutant in the flue gas exceeds a predetermined upper limiting value, or is decreased when the concentration measured of the at least one pollutant falls below a predetermined lower limiting value. Measurement of the concentration and setting the rate of the auxiliary fuel is repeated until the measured concentration of the at least one pollutant in the flue gas is in a range between the lower and upper limiting values.
Abstract:
In a method for evaluating mechanical tests of a coating on a substrate, in a first step a mechanical stress is applied onto the coating, in a second step the substrate having the coating is isothermally clamped, in a third step an infrared photograph is generated of the region in which the mechanical stress is applied onto the coating in the first step, and in a fourth step the infrared photograph is evaluated. A device is arranged for carrying out the method.
Abstract:
A device for determining the viscosity of fluids. The device includes an injector, which has a piston and a hollow cylinder with a nozzle. The device further includes a cannula. The device also includes a forward-feed device with the aid of which the piston is displaceable at a uniform speed.
Abstract:
A device for determining the viscosity of fluids. The device includes an injector, which has a piston and a hollow cylinder with a nozzle. The device further includes a cannula. The device also includes a forward-feed device with the aid of which the piston is displaceable at a uniform speed.
Abstract:
A device for testing material properties with regard to combined tensile and shear loads, in particular for testing adhesives, includes a device for applying the force, a measuring device, a test piece receptacle, and a test piece having a bonding surface. The test piece is dimensionally stable within the intended limits of the force to be applied. This measure ensures that the shear forces acting on the joint act approximately at a right angle to the bonding surface over the entire test period, so that realistic conclusions may be drawn with regard to the material properties of the tested adhesive.
Abstract:
Apparatus for improving the driving behavior of a vehicle is provided. The vehicle has front and rear axles, each having a plurality of wheels. Each wheel has a brake. Sensor are provided for measuring the rotational speed of each wheel, the vehicle yaw rate and the vehicle lateral acceleration. An anti-lock braking system provides first preset pressure values for controlling each brake, to prevent the wheels from locking during braking. A traction slip control system provides second preset pressure values for controlling each brake, to prevent the wheels from slipping during acceleration. A brake effort proportioning system provides third preset pressure values for distributing braking pressure between the wheels of the front axle and the wheels of the rear axle. A yawing moment controller provides fourth preset pressure values used to control each brake during cornering, to avoid application to the vehicle of an unbalanced moment which would cause the vehicle to understeer or oversteer. The antilock braking system, traction slip control system, brake effort proportioning means and yawing moment control system all operate independently of one another. A prioritizing mechanism applies criteria to determine a desired brake pressure that is applied to each wheel, based on the outputs of the antilock braking, traction slip control, brake effort proportioning, and yawing moment control systems.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a process for the determination of an antibody by incubation with three different reagents R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, of which R.sub. and R.sub.3 are present in liquid phase and are bindable with the antibody, R.sub.2 is present bound to a solid phase and is bindable with R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 carries a label, separation of the solid phase from the liquid phase and measurement of the label in the solid phase, wherein as R.sub.1 there is used a conjugate of a substance specifically recognized by the antibody to be determined and a reaction component of a specific binding system, as R.sub.3 there is used a conjugate of a substance specifically recognized by the antibody to be determined and a label and as R.sub.2 there used the other binding component of the specific binding system. The present invention also provides a composition for the determination of an antibody, wherein it contains two different soluble reagents R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 specifically bindable with the antibody, of which R.sub.1 carries a reaction component of a specific binding system and R.sub.3 carries a label and also a receptor R.sub.2 which is present in solid phase and is bindable with the receptor R.sub.1, the insoluble receptor R.sub.2 and the soluble receptor R.sub.1 being present physically separated from one another.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for producing a catalyst for the oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide, which comprises a) providing a support which comprises alumina and has been impregnated with silver or with a silver-comprising compound and has a temperature T0; and b) heating the impregnated support from the temperature T0 to a temperature T1 at a heating rate of at least 30 K/min, and also the catalyst itself which can be obtained by this process.