摘要:
An infrastructure (136, 138, 140, 142) for a delivery of content items such as SMS messages (134) or MMS messages in a mobile communications network (100) is proposed, wherein these primary content items are augmented by secondary content items, e.g. advertisements (150). A method embodiment related to the proposed network infrastructure is performed in a content provisioning server (138) and comprises the steps of receiving (S6) a content indicator (146) indicative of content of the first content item; determining (S7) a second content item based on the content indicator; and transmitting (S8) the second content item towards a user terminal (132), wherein a transmission path (S8, S9) of the second content item in the mobile communications network is at least in part separate from a transmission path (S3) of the first content item.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method for network management comprising configuration of control protocols between network elements in a network represented through a current, static, network element object model comprising a number of managed objects with attributes and instances and representing resources. It comprises the steps of: transforming the current network element object model to a machine readable and executable formal network element object model; identifying configuration tasks needed for the configuration of the relevant control protocols; modelling a formal configuration task model using information about the configuration tasks and the formal network element object model; building a formal configuration workflow model using the formal network element object model and the formal configuration task model, said formal configuration workflow model defining the relationships between different configuration tasks required for performing or completing a number of given actions or to achieve a number of given goals.
摘要:
Techniques are described for managing traffic flow to an optical network terminal (ONT) on a passive optical network (PON) to prevent an individual ONT from being overrun. Specifically, the techniques involve reducing a transmission rate of a unique traffic flow and selectively denying access to a common traffic flow. By reducing the transmission rate of the unique traffic flow, sufficient bandwidth may be released to receive the unique traffic flow and the common traffic flow without overflowing the ONT. For example, the ONT or, alternatively, the OLT may send the requested common traffic flow without reducing the transmission rate of the unique traffic flow when sufficient bandwidth is available, send the common traffic flow but reduce the transmission rate of unique traffic flow by an appropriate amount, or deny access to the common traffic flow altogether without reducing the transmission rate of the unique traffic flow.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a system for representation of network management information, comprising a network management system represented through a machine-readable basic network information model comprising a number of network elements with a number of managed objects with instances, and an external network management interface (10). It comprises first mapping means (1) adapted to generate mapping rules for mapping the machine-readable basic network information model to a formal ontology based network information model, information enrichment means (2) for manually and/or automatically enriching the information of the formal ontology based model semantically, thus providing a semantically enriched formal ontology based network information model, processing means (3) adapted to receive the mapping rules from the first mapping means (1), network instance data represented by a generic mark-up language from the external network management interface, and the semantically enriched formal ontology based network information model. The processing means are adapted to automatically instantiate the semantically enriched formal ontology based model using said mapping rules and to transform the enriched formal model comprising instances and ontologies to formal logic statements. The system also comprises a formal model storing means (5) for storing the formal logic statements, forming a semantically extended configuration-aware external network management interface (20).
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method for network management comprising configuration of control protocols between network elements in a network represented through a current, static, network element object model comprising a number of managed objects with attributes and instances and representing resources. It comprises the steps of: transforming the current network element object model to a machine readable and executable formal network element object model; identifying configuration tasks needed for the configuration of the relevant control protocols; modelling a formal configuration task model using information about the configuration tasks and the formal network element object model; building a formal configuration workflow model using the formal network element object model and the formal configuration task model, said formal configuration workflow model defining the relationships between different configuration tasks required for performing or completing a number of given actions or to achieve a number of given goals.
摘要:
Part load operating point for a controlled auto-ignition four-stroke internal combustion engine is reduced without compromising combustion stability through a valve control operative to establish low pressure conditions within the combustion chamber into which fuel and exhaust gases are introduced. Combustion chamber pressures during the intake cycle are controlled lower as engine load decreases. Combusted gases are recirculated into the combustion chamber through a variety of internal and external recirculation mechanizations. A split-injection fuel control is implemented during low part load operation whereas a single-injection fuel control is implemented during intermediate and high part load operation. Split-injections are characterized by lean fuel/air ratios and single-injections are characterized by either lean or stoichiometric fuel/air ratios. Controlled autoignition is thereby enabled through an extended range of engine loads while maintaining acceptable combustion stability and emissions.
摘要:
Techniques are described for managing traffic flow to an optical network terminal (ONT) on a passive optical network (PON) to prevent an individual ONT from being overrun. Specifically, the techniques involve reducing a transmission rate of a unique traffic flow and selectively denying access to a common traffic flow. By reducing the transmission rate of the unique traffic flow, sufficient bandwidth may be released to receive the unique traffic flow and the common traffic flow without overflowing the ONT. For example, the ONT or, alternatively, the OLT may send the requested common traffic flow without reducing the transmission rate of the unique traffic flow when sufficient bandwidth is available, send the common traffic flow but reduce the transmission rate of unique traffic flow by an appropriate amount, or deny access to the common traffic flow altogether without reducing the transmission rate of the unique traffic flow.