公开(公告)号：US07590210B2

公开(公告)日：2009-09-15

申请号：US11172100

申请日：2005-06-30

申请人： James Aweya ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Kent Felske

发明人： James Aweya ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Kent Felske

IPC分类号： H04L7/00 ,  H04J3/06

CPC分类号： H03L7/0992 ,  H04J3/0664

摘要： A first level of control over operation of slave Digitally Controlled Frequency Selectors (DCFSs), such as DCOs or DDSs, may occur by periodic transmission of control words from the master clock to the slave clocks. To allow enhanced control over the output of the slave clocks, the frequency of the local oscillator used to generate the synthesized output of the master clock may also be conveyed to the slave clocks to allow a second level of control to take place. The second level of control allows the local oscillators at the slave clocks to lock onto the frequency of the master local oscillator to thereby allow the slave local oscillators to operate the slave DCFSs using the same local oscillator frequency. The first level of control synchronizes operation of the DCFSs while the second level control prevents instabilities in the local oscillators from causing long term drift between the slave and master clock outputs. Timestamps may be used to synchronize the master and slave local oscillators.

摘要翻译： 通过从主时钟到从时钟的控制字的周期性传输，可能会发生对从属数字控制频率选择器（DCFS）（如DCO或DDS）的操作的第一级控制。 为了增强对从时钟的输出的控制，用于产生主时钟的合成输出的本地振荡器的频率也可以被传送到从时钟，以允许进行第二级控制。 第二级控制允许从时钟的本地振荡器锁定到主本地振荡器的频率，从而允许从局部振荡器使用相同的本地振荡器频率来操作从DCFS。 第一级控制同步DCFS的操作，而第二级控制防止本地振荡器中的不稳定性引起从机和主时钟输出之间的长期漂移。 时间戳可用于同步主从本地振荡器。

公开(公告)号：US20080231511A1

公开(公告)日：2008-09-25

申请号：US11689660

申请日：2007-03-22

申请人： Delfin Y. Montuno ,  James Aweya ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Kent Felske

发明人： Delfin Y. Montuno ,  James Aweya ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Kent Felske

IPC分类号： G01S1/24 ,  G01S3/02

CPC分类号： G01S5/06

摘要： A novel beacon-based position location technique for efficient location discovery of untethered clients in packet networks is disclosed. The position location technique utilizes the time-difference-of-arrival (“TDOA”) of a first signal transmitted by a beacon of known location and a second signal transmitted by an untethered client. The TDOA of these two signals is measured locally by at least three non-collinear signal receivers. For each of the receivers, the TDOA is used to calculate a perceived distance to the client. A circle is then calculated for each receiver, centered on the receiver and having a radius equal to the perceived distance. At least two lines defined by points of intersection of the calculated circles are then calculated. The point of intersection of the lines represents the location of the client. To facilitate operation, the signal receivers may be arranged on vertices which define a convex polygon as viewed from above. The location system requires no time (time-of-day) synchronization of the signal receivers, and only the coarse frequency synchronization, on the order of, tens of parts-per-million (ppm). The technique even works for the case where the signal receivers are run asynchronously, provided the frequency accuracies of the signal receivers are on the order of about 50ppm or better. The technique introduces no communication overhead for the beacon, client and signal receivers. Further, the computation overhead at the signal receivers is relatively low because the location detection algorithm involves only simple algebraic operations over scalar values.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种新颖的基于信标的位置定位技术，用于在分组网络中无阻塞客户端的有效位置发现。 位置定位技术利用由已知位置的信标发送的第一信号的到达时间差（“TDOA”）和由无阻塞客户端发送的第二信号。 这两个信号的TDOA由至少三个非共线信号接收器本地测量。 对于每个接收机，TDOA用于计算到客户端的感知距离。 然后，以接收机为中心并且具有等于感知距离的半径的每个接收机计算一个圆。 然后计算由计算圆的交点定义的至少两条线。 线的交点表示客户端的位置。 为了便于操作，信号接收器可以被布置在从上方观察的限定凸多边形的顶点上。 定位系统不需要信号接收机的时间（时间）同步，只需要几十分之一百万分之几的粗略频率同步（ppm）。 该技术甚至适用于信号接收机异步运行的情况，只要信号接收机的频率精度约为50ppm或更高。 该技术不引入信标，客户端和信号接收机的通信开销。 此外，信号接收机的计算开销相对较低，因为位置检测算法仅涉及标量值的简单代数运算。

公开(公告)号：US20080144515A1

公开(公告)日：2008-06-19

申请号：US11609966

申请日：2006-12-13

申请人： Michel Ouellette ,  James Aweya ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Kent Felske

发明人： Michel Ouellette ,  James Aweya ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Kent Felske

IPC分类号： H04J3/14

CPC分类号： H04L41/12 ,  H04J3/0679

摘要： Algorithms and data structure are described for constructing and maintaining a clock distribution tree (“CDT”) for timing loop avoidance. The CDT algorithms and data structure allows a node to make an automated and unattended path switch to the most desirable clock source in the network. In response to a network topology change, a clock root node distributes new clock paths to all nodes in the network. In particular, the root node calculates a new clock path for each affected node by building a clock source topology tree, and identifying from that tree a path to the network node from a clock source of higher or equal stratum relative to that network node. The root node then sends a network message to each node indicating the new path that the node should use. Each node receives the message and compares the new path with the existing path. If the paths are different then the node acquires the new path just received in the message. If the paths are the same then the node does nothing and discards the message.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于构建和维护用于定时回路的时钟分布树（“CDT”）的算法和数据结构。 CDT算法和数据结构允许节点将自动和无人值守的路径切换到网络中最理想的时钟源。 响应于网络拓扑变化，时钟根节点将新的时钟路径分配给网络中的所有节点。 特别地，根节点通过构建时钟源拓扑树来计算每个受影响节点的新时钟路径，并且从该树中识别来自相对于该网络节点的较高或相等层的时钟源到网络节点的路径。 根节点然后向每个节点发送一个网络消息，指示节点应该使用的新路径。 每个节点接收消息，并将新路径与现有路径进行比较。 如果路径不同，则节点获取刚刚在消息中接收到的新路径。 如果路径相同，则节点不执行任何操作并丢弃该消息。

公开(公告)号：US07231445B1

公开(公告)日：2007-06-12

申请号：US09713319

申请日：2000-11-16

申请人： James Aweya ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Bernard J. Doray ,  Kent E. Felske

发明人： James Aweya ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Bernard J. Doray ,  Kent E. Felske

IPC分类号： G06F15/173

CPC分类号： G06Q10/00 ,  G06Q50/18 ,  H04L67/1002 ,  H04L67/1008 ,  H04L67/1019

摘要： A technique for adaptively distributing a web server request in a system having a plurality of web servers is disclosed. In one embodiment, the technique is realized by first generating a web server request distribution function for each of the plurality of web servers based upon performance measures of each of the plurality of web servers, wherein each of the plurality of web servers is assigned a respective probability range based upon each respective web server request distribution function. A random probability number is then generated for a web server request. The particular probability range encompassing the random probability number is then determined so as to identify the corresponding web server to which the web server request is to be distributed.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于在具有多个web服务器的系统中自适应地分发web服务器请求的技术。 在一个实施例中，该技术通过基于多个web服务器中的每一个的性能测量来首先为多个web服务器中的每一个生成web服务器请求分发功能来实现，其中多个web服务器中的每一个被分配相应的 基于每个相应的web服务器请求分发功能的概率范围。 然后为Web服务器请求生成随机概率数。 然后确定包含随机概率数的特定概率范围，以便识别要分发web服务器请求的相应web服务器。

公开(公告)号：US07020791B1

公开(公告)日：2006-03-28

申请号：US10246408

申请日：2002-09-19

申请人： James Aweya ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Kent E. Felske

发明人： James Aweya ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Kent E. Felske

IPC分类号： G06F1/12 ,  H04L7/00 ,  H03L7/00

CPC分类号： H04J3/0632 ,  G06F1/12 ,  H03L7/085 ,  H03L7/093 ,  H03L7/0992 ,  H04N21/242 ,  H04N21/4305 ,  H04N21/64322

摘要： A system and method for synchronizing a local clock to a reference clock using a linear model of the clock error between the local clock and the reference clock is disclosed. In one embodiment, a double-exponential smoothing process is used in conjunction with the linear model to estimate a frequency offset by which the frequency of an oscillator of the local clock is adjusted. Also disclosed herein is a phased-lock loop (PLL) adapted to synchronize a local clock with a reference clock using the double-exponential smoothing process, as well as a system implementing the PLL for timing the playout of data received from a transmitter.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种使用本地时钟和参考时钟之间的时钟误差的线性模型将本地时钟同步到参考时钟的系统和方法。 在一个实施例中，双指数平滑处理与线性模型一起使用以估计调整本地时钟的振荡器的频率的频率偏移。 本文还公开了一种适用于使用双指数平滑过程将本地时钟与参考时钟同步的相控锁环（PLL），以及实现用于定时从发射机接收的数据的播出的PLL的系统。

公开(公告)号：US06894832B1

公开(公告)日：2005-05-17

申请号：US10231090

申请日：2002-08-30

申请人： James Aweya ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Kent Felske

发明人： James Aweya ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Kent Felske

IPC分类号： H01S3/00 ,  H01S3/067 ,  H01S3/13 ,  H01S3/131 ,  H01S3/16

CPC分类号： H01S3/06754 ,  H01S3/10015 ,  H01S3/1301 ,  H01S3/1608

摘要： A technique for adaptively controlling a gain of an optical amplifier is disclosed. In one particular exemplary embodiment, the technique may be realized by a method comprising the steps of measuring an output power signal of the optical amplifier; computing a command signal from an input power signal; computing a model state signal of a reference model; computing a model output signal of the reference model based at least in part on the model state signal; computing an error signal between the model output signal and the output power signal of the optical amplifier; adjusting at least one adaptive control gain value to minimize the error signal; and computing a control input signal for driving the optical amplifier based at least in part on the at least one adaptive control gain value, the error signal, the model state signal and the command signal.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于自适应地控制光放大器的增益的技术。 在一个特定示例性实施例中，该技术可以通过以下方法实现：包括以下步骤：测量光放大器的输出功率信号; 从输入功率信号计算命令信号; 计算参考模型的模型状态信号; 至少部分地基于模型状态信号来计算参考模型的模型输出信号; 计算模型输出信号和光放大器的输出功率信号之间的误差信号; 调整至少一个自适应控制增益值以最小化误差信号; 以及至少部分地基于所述至少一个自适应控制增益值，所述误差信号，所述模型状态信号和所述命令信号来计算用于驱动所述光放大器的控制输入信号。

公开(公告)号：US06690645B1

公开(公告)日：2004-02-10

申请号：US09455445

申请日：1999-12-06

申请人： James Aweya ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Michel Ouellette

发明人： James Aweya ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Michel Ouellette

IPC分类号： H04L1226

CPC分类号： H04L47/30 ,  H04L47/10 ,  H04L47/263 ,  H04L47/32

摘要： A method and apparatus for controlling a rate at which packets are transmitted to a network node having a queue and a network element employing same is described. The method and apparatus cooperate to generate a probability value in response to queue occupancy and desired queue occupancy and to control the packet in response to the probability value and a reference value to cause a source of the packet to change its transmission rate. Control of the packet is achieved by dropping the packet or by modifying the packet to include a message informing the source that it should adjust its transmission rate. In one embodiment, the probability value is converted into an inter-drop/mark value representing the number of packets to be admitted into the queue between dropped or marked packets.

摘要翻译： 描述用于控制分组被发送到具有队列的网络节点和使用其的网络元件的速率的方法和装置。 所述方法和装置协调以响应于队列占用和期望的队列占用而产生概率值，并且响应于概率值和参考值来控制分组，以使分组的源改变其传输速率。 通过丢弃分组或通过修改分组以包括通知源应该调整其传输速率的消息来实现分组的控制。 在一个实施例中，将概率值转换为表示在丢弃或标记的分组之间被允许进入队列的分组数量的中间插入/标记值。

公开(公告)号：US06825971B1

公开(公告)日：2004-11-30

申请号：US10325978

申请日：2002-12-23

申请人： Abel C. Dasylva ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Prasad Kodaypak ,  Pia Sindile ,  Zhonghui Yao

发明人： Abel C. Dasylva ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Prasad Kodaypak ,  Pia Sindile ,  Zhonghui Yao

IPC分类号： G02F202

CPC分类号： G02F1/3534 ,  G02F2/002

摘要： A technique for wave-mixing bulk frequency conversion in a network comprising one or more channels is disclosed that enables cost-effective wavelength-conversion. In one particular exemplary embodiment, the technique may be realized by a new class of multi-log wave-mixing-cross-connects that are based on arbitrary b×b space-switching elements, where b>2. In such cross-connects, for any light-path, the worst case number of cascaded frequency-conversions is O(logb(FW)), F being the number of fibers. One benefit of the new design may be maximized when W=O(F), b=O(F), and the worst-case number of cascaded conversions is O(1).

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于在包括一个或多个信道的网络中进行波混频体频率转换的技术，其实现成本有效的波长转换。 在一个特定的示例性实施例中，该技术可以通过基于任意bxb空间切换元件的新类别的多对数波混合交叉连接来实现，其中b> 2。 在这种交叉连接中，对于任何光路，级联频率转换的最坏情况数量为O（logb（FW）），F为光纤数。 当W = O（F），b = O（F）时，新设计的一个好处可能会最大化，最坏情况下级联转换次数为O（1）。

公开(公告)号：US06710913B1

公开(公告)日：2004-03-23

申请号：US10326125

申请日：2002-12-23

申请人： Abel C. Dasylva ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Prasad Kodaypak ,  Pia Sindile ,  Zhonghui Yao

发明人： Abel C. Dasylva ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Prasad Kodaypak ,  Pia Sindile ,  Zhonghui Yao

IPC分类号： G02F202

CPC分类号： H04J14/0227 ,  H04J14/0238 ,  H04J14/0241 ,  H04J14/0278

摘要： A technique for wave-mixing frequency translation is disclosed. In one particular exemplary embodiment, the technique may be realized as a general construction for multi-log wave-mixing unicast or multicast cross-connects, with b×b space-switching elements, where b≧2. The resulting cross-connects support all-optical frequency-conversion, and they exploit multi-stage wave-mixing bulk frequency-translation In these cross-connects, for any light-path the worst case number of cascaded frequency-conversions is O(logb W), where W is the number of wavelengths per fiber. The wavelength-converter requirements are of between O(F) and O(F logb W), per stage and per plane, where F is the number of fibers.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种波混频技术。 在一个特定的示例性实施例中，该技术可以被实现为用于多对数波混合单播或多播交叉连接的一般结构，其中b×b空间切换元件，其中b> = 2。 所产生的交叉连接支持全光频率转换，并且它们利用多级波混频体频转换在这些交叉连接中，对于任何光路，最差情况下的级联频率转换数为O（logb W），其中W是每个光纤的波长数。 波长转换器要求在O（F）和O（F logb W）之间，每级和每平面，其中F是纤维数。

公开(公告)号：US06657983B1

公开(公告)日：2003-12-02

申请号：US09429014

申请日：1999-10-29

申请人： Mieczyslaw J. Surazski ,  James Aweya ,  Imed Frigui ,  Pierre A. Hamel ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Tong Shan ,  Bernard Thiboutot ,  Genzao G. Zhang

发明人： Mieczyslaw J. Surazski ,  James Aweya ,  Imed Frigui ,  Pierre A. Hamel ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Tong Shan ,  Bernard Thiboutot ,  Genzao G. Zhang

IPC分类号： H04B7212

CPC分类号： H04B7/2646

摘要： A method of allocating bandwidth for transmitting upstream cells from a CPE unit to a BTS. The CPE determines arrival time information associated with each cell and sends arrival time information associated with at least one cell to the BTS. The BTS allocates future bandwidth to the CPE as a function of the arrival time information received from the CPE. For example, the BTS estimates the number of cell arrivals occurring in the current scheduling period based on past cell arrival times. The BTS then sends information to the CPE in which the allocated future bandwidth is specified. Finally, the CPE groups a number of cells into a burst packet occupying the allocated bandwidth and sends the burst packet to the BTS. Rather than respond in a delayed manner to a bandwidth deficiency or surplus at an individual CPE unit, the BTS produces an estimate of a CPE unit's bandwidth demands, resulting in more efficient bandwidth utilization and reduced cell loss ratio.

摘要翻译： 分配用于从CPE单元向BTS发送上行小区的带宽的方法。 CPE确定与每个小区相关联的到达时间信息，并将与至少一个小区相关联的到达时间信息发送到BTS。 作为从CPE接收的到达时间信息的函数，BTS将CPE的未来带宽分配给CPE。 例如，BTS基于过去的小区到达时间估计在当前调度周期中发生的小区到达的数量。 BTS然后向CPE发送信息，其中指定了分配的未来带宽。 最后，CPE将多个小区分组成占用分配带宽的突发分组，并将突发分组发送到BTS。 不是以延迟的方式响应单个CPE单元的带宽不足或剩余，所以BTS产生CPE单元的带宽需求的估计，导致更有效的带宽利用和减少的信元丢失率。