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公开(公告)号：US07333208B2
公开(公告)日：2008-02-19
申请号：US11016952
申请日：2004-12-20
CPC分类号： G01N21/255 , G01J3/02 , G01J3/0218 , G01J3/0256 , G01J3/26
摘要： Apparatus and methods are provided for implementing a full width array material scanning spectrophotometer by integrating a Fabry-Perot cavity filter with a silicon photodetector and a light focusing device (an optical guide or a SELFOC® lens). The material to be scanned is illuminated by a broad band illumination source (white LEDs or a fluorescence light source). The Fabry-Perot cavity gap can be tuned electromechanically to get multiple measurements to resolve the spectral distribution of the transmitted light signal. The array spectrophotometric architecture facilitates an elongated, substantially linear band detection and the associated spectral reconstruction technique resolves spectral distribution in the presence of multiple resonant peaks.
摘要翻译： 提供了通过将法布里 - 珀罗腔滤波器与硅光电检测器和光聚焦装置（光导或透镜）集成来实现全宽阵列材料扫描分光光度计的装置和方法。 待扫描的材料由宽带照明源（白色LED或荧光光源）照明。 法布里 - 珀罗腔间隙可以机电调整以获得多次测量，以解决透射光信号的光谱分布。 阵列分光光度结构有助于细长的，基本上线性的带检测，并且相关的光谱重建技术在存在多个共振峰的情况下解决了光谱分布。
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公开(公告)号：US07162112B2
公开(公告)日：2007-01-09
申请号：US10995965
申请日：2004-11-23
申请人： Pinyen Lin , Joel A. Kubby , Yao Rong Wang
发明人： Pinyen Lin , Joel A. Kubby , Yao Rong Wang
CPC分类号： G02B6/3508 , G02B6/136 , G02B6/3544 , G02B6/356 , G02B6/3576 , G02B6/358 , G02B6/3584 , G02B6/3596 , G02B2006/12097
摘要： A method for forming a gap (16) of a width (d) which meets selected tolerance limits includes forming sidewalls (80, 82) in a microstructure, the sidewalls defining a gap (16) therebetween. The gap has a width defined between the sidewalls. The width of the gap between the sidewalls is determined. Where the determined width of the gap is below the selected tolerance limits for the width of the gap, the sidewalls are consumed to form a gap which meets the selected tolerance limits. The gap may be incorporated in a waveguide device (10) of a microswitch (100) and selectively connect input and output waveguides (130, 132).
摘要翻译： 用于形成宽度（d）的满足所选公差极限的间隙（16）的方法包括在微观结构中形成侧壁（80,82），所述侧壁在它们之间限定间隙（16）。 该间隙具有限定在侧壁之间的宽度。 确定侧壁之间的间隙的宽度。 在确定的间隙的宽度低于间隙宽度的所选公差极限的情况下，侧壁被消耗以形成满足所选公差极限的间隙。 该间隙可以结合在微动开关（100）的波导装置（10）中并选择性地连接输入和输出波导（130,132）。
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公开(公告)号：US07304801B2
公开(公告)日：2007-12-04
申请号：US11092835
申请日：2005-03-30
申请人： Yao Rong Wang , Joel A Kubby
发明人： Yao Rong Wang , Joel A Kubby
IPC分类号： G02B1/10
CPC分类号： G02B26/001 , G01J3/02 , G01J3/0256 , G01J3/26 , G02B6/4204
摘要： A distributed Bragg reflector includes a first layer formed to be a first thickness, and a second layer formed to be a second thickness. A method of forming a distributed Bragg reflector includes forming a first layer to be a first thickness and forming a second layer to be a second thickness. The first and second thicknesses are determined using a wavelength that is adjacent to a center wavelength of an optical band of the distributed Bragg reflector.
摘要翻译： 分布式布拉格反射器包括形成为第一厚度的第一层和形成为第二厚度的第二层。 形成分布式布拉格反射器的方法包括将第一层形成为第一厚度并形成第二层，以形成第二厚度。 使用与分布式布拉格反射器的光学带的中心波长相邻的波长来确定第一和第二厚度。
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公开(公告)号：US07298954B2
公开(公告)日：2007-11-20
申请号：US11154019
申请日：2005-06-16
申请人： Xueyuan Liu , Peter M. Gulvin , Kristine A. German , Yao Rong Wang , Jun Ma , Pinyen Lin , Joel A. Kubby , Kathleen A. Feinberg
发明人： Xueyuan Liu , Peter M. Gulvin , Kristine A. German , Yao Rong Wang , Jun Ma , Pinyen Lin , Joel A. Kubby , Kathleen A. Feinberg
IPC分类号： G02B6/26
CPC分类号： G02B6/358 , G02B6/266 , G02B6/3508 , G02B6/3544 , G02B6/357 , G02B6/3584 , G02B6/3594 , G02B6/3596
摘要： An improved waveguide shuttle optical switch design which provides the function of a variable optical attenuator (VOA). A small degree of intentional misalignment of the waveguide will create different levels of optical attenuation. By finely controlling the misalignment of a selected switched position, a single device may be realized that will provide the functions of both switching and attenuating or just attenuation alone. The optical MEMS device utilizes a latching mechanism in association with a thermal drive actuator for aligning a waveguide shuttle platform. The integration of the switching function and the VOA function reduce the optical loss which is otherwise unavoidable when the inevitable alternative of a separate switch and a separate VOA must necessarily be employed. The resultant improved device can also be applied for correcting the difference in optical intensity created by the manufacturing tolerances inherent in the fabrication of array waveguide gratings.
摘要翻译： 提供了可变光衰减器（VOA）的功能的改进的波导穿梭光开关设计。 波导的有意的不对准会导致不同程度的光衰减。 通过精细地控制所选择的切换位置的未对准，可以实现单个设备，其将提供单独切换和衰减或仅仅衰减的功能。 光学MEMS器件利用与用于对准波导穿梭平台的热驱动致动器相关联的闭锁机构。 开关功能和VOA功能的集成减少光损耗，否则当必须采用单独的开关和单独的VOA的不可避免的替代方案时，光损失是不可避免的。 所得到的改进的器件还可以用于校正由阵列波导光栅的制造中固有的制造公差产生的光强差。
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公开(公告)号：US07016587B2
公开(公告)日：2006-03-21
申请号：US10760846
申请日：2004-01-20
申请人： Joel A. Kubby , Yao Rong Wang
发明人： Joel A. Kubby , Yao Rong Wang
IPC分类号： G02B6/10
CPC分类号： G02B6/136 , G02B2006/12097
摘要： A silicon rib waveguide that has a silicon nitride cladding layer of predetermined thickness to reduce optical loss of light propagating therethrough. An exemplary embodiment of the waveguide is fabricated by using a silicon-on-insulator structure having a single crystal silicon layer bonded to a silicon wafer with a layer of insulative material. An etch resistant masking layer is deposited on the outer surface of the single crystal silicon layer and patterned to produce vias therein. A RIE etching process is used through the vias in the masking layer to form at least one rib bounded by a pair of parallel trenches. The masking layer is removed and a silicon nitride cladding layer is deposited on the rib side and end walls and on the trenches.
摘要翻译： 具有预定厚度的氮化硅覆层的硅肋波导，以减少通过其传播的光的光损失。 通过使用具有与硅晶片结合的单晶硅层的绝缘体上硅结构制成具有一层绝缘材料的波导的示例性实施例。 耐蚀刻掩模层沉积在单晶硅层的外表面上并图案化以在其中产生通孔。 通过掩模层中的通孔使用RIE蚀刻工艺以形成由一对平行沟槽限定的至少一个肋。 去除掩模层，并且在肋侧和端壁以及沟槽上沉积氮化硅覆层。
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公开(公告)号：US08587657B2
公开(公告)日：2013-11-19
申请号：US13086006
申请日：2011-04-13
申请人： Yao Rong Wang , Zhigang Fan , Lalit Keshav Mestha
发明人： Yao Rong Wang , Zhigang Fan , Lalit Keshav Mestha
CPC分类号： G06K9/00369 , G06K2009/4657 , G06T7/11 , G06T2207/10048 , G06T2207/30242
摘要： What is disclosed is a novel system and method for determining the number of objects in an IR image obtained using an IR imaging system. In one embodiment, a total of N intensity values are collected for each pixel in an IR image using a IR imaging system comprising an IR detection device and an IR Illuminator. Intensity values are retrieved from a database which have been estimated for a plurality of known materials, such as skin and hair. A classification is determined for each pixel in the IR image using either a best fitting method of a reflectance, or a correlation method. Upon classification, a total number of objects in the IR image can be determined. The present system and method finds its intended uses in of real world applications such as, determining the number of occupants in a vehicle traveling in a HOV/HOT lane.
摘要翻译： 所公开的是用于确定使用IR成像系统获得的IR图像中的对象数量的新颖系统和方法。 在一个实施例中，使用包括IR检测装置和IR照明器的IR成像系统对IR图像中的每个像素收集总共N个强度值。 从已经为多种已知材料（例如皮肤和头发）估计的数据库检索强度值。 使用反射率的最佳拟合方法或相关方法来确定IR图像中的每个像素的分类。 在分类时，可以确定IR图像中的对象的总数。 本系统和方法在现实应用中找到其预期用途，例如确定在HOV / HOT车道中行驶的车辆中的乘客人数。
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公开(公告)号：US20130266187A1
公开(公告)日：2013-10-10
申请号：US13461221
申请日：2012-05-01
IPC分类号： G06K9/62
CPC分类号： G06K9/00785
摘要： A method and a system for determining a parking angle violation includes receiving video data from a sequence of frames taken from an image capture device monitoring a parking area. The method further includes determining a first line in a current frame where the line represents a nominal orientation of the parking area. The method includes detecting a presence of a vehicle in the parking area. The method includes determining a second line in the frame where the line represents the orientation of the detected vehicle. The method further includes computing an angle between the first and second lines. The method includes determining whether the detected vehicle is violating a parking regulation based on the computed angle.
摘要翻译： 用于确定停车角违规的方法和系统包括从监视停车区域的图像拍摄装置获取的帧序列中接收视频数据。 该方法还包括确定当前帧中的第一行，其中该行表示停车区域的标称取向。 该方法包括在停车区域中检测车辆的存在。 该方法包括确定帧中的第二行，其中该线表示检测到的车辆的取向。 该方法还包括计算第一和第二线之间的角度。 该方法包括基于计算出的角度来确定检测到的车辆是否违反停车调节。
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28.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20130266185A1
公开(公告)日：2013-10-10
申请号：US13441253
申请日：2012-04-06
申请人： Orhan Bulan , Yao Rong Wang , Robert P. Loce , Edgar A. Bernal , Zhigang Fan , Graham S. Pennington , David P. Cummins
发明人： Orhan Bulan , Yao Rong Wang , Robert P. Loce , Edgar A. Bernal , Zhigang Fan , Graham S. Pennington , David P. Cummins
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/00771 , G06K9/3233
摘要： A method for determining a parking violation includes receiving video data as a sequence of frames provided by a camera. The method includes defining a location of an exclusion zone in the video data. The method includes detecting a vehicle located in the defined exclusion zone. The detecting includes determining a background in an initial frame of the video data and determining a background in a select frame by applying a predetermined updating process. The detecting includes subtracting the background of the select frame from the initial frame to obtain an image difference. The detecting includes classifying the pixels in the image difference as foreground or background pixels and classifying the pixels in the foreground image as vehicle or non-vehicle pixels. The method includes determining a duration that the detected vehicle is in the exclusion zone based on a number of the sequence of frames including the detected vehicle.
摘要翻译： 用于确定停车违规的方法包括接收视频数据作为由相机提供的帧序列。 该方法包括在视频数据中定义排除区的位置。 该方法包括检测位于限定的禁区中的车辆。 检测包括确定视频数据的初始帧中的背景，并通过应用预定的更新过程来确定选择帧中的背景。 检测包括从初始帧中减去选择帧的背景以获得图像差异。 检测包括将图像差异中的像素分类为前景或背景像素，并将前景图像中的像素分类为车辆或非车辆像素。 该方法包括基于包括检测到的车辆的帧序列的数量来确定检测到的车辆在排除区域中的持续时间。
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公开(公告)号：US08547613B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-01
申请号：US12915217
申请日：2010-10-29
CPC分类号： H04N1/6022
摘要： What is disclosed is a novel system and method of inheriting intended GCR into a 4-to-4 cascaded LUT to compensate for print engine change which adversely impacts the quality of an output print. The present method uses the device link transform to generate starting LUT nodes for the inverse of the drifted printer model by inputting CMYK or RGB into the device link at a color space resolution sufficient to determine output nodes. Lab and CMYK values are derived from this process, and a “starting LUT” is created at the Lab destination nodes. An iterative control begins with this starting LUT to produce an inverse drifted printer model that contains a close approximation for the intended GCR. The present method captures the intent of the device link transform for a fleet and generates the cascaded LUT for drift, specific printer, side1/side2, and other modes leading to special GCRs.
摘要翻译： 所公开的是将期望的GCR继承到4对4级联LUT中以补偿不利地影响输出打印质量的打印引擎改变的新型系统和方法。 本方法使用设备链接变换通过以足以确定输出节点的颜色空间分辨率将CMYK或RGB输入到设备链接中来生成漂移的打印机模型的倒数的起始LUT节点。 实验室和CMYK值是从该过程得到的，并且在实验室目标节点处创建一个“起始LUT”。 迭代控制开始于该起始LUT以产生包含对于预期GCR的近似近似的反漂移打印机模型。 本方法捕获了针对车队的设备链接变换的意图，并生成用于漂移，特定打印机，side1 / side2和导致特殊GCR的其他模式的级联LUT。
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30.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08457415B1
公开(公告)日：2013-06-04
申请号：US13324433
申请日：2011-12-13
申请人： Yao Rong Wang , Lalit Keshav Mestha
发明人： Yao Rong Wang , Lalit Keshav Mestha
IPC分类号： G06K9/68
CPC分类号： G06K9/72 , G06K9/4652
摘要： What is disclosed is a system and method for post-processing a multi-spectral image which has already been processed for pixel classification. A binary image is received which contains pixels that have been classified using a pixel classification method. Each pixel in the image has an associated intensity value and has a pixel value of 1 or 0 depending on whether the pixel has been classified as a material of interest or not. A block of size m×n is defined. Pixel values in a block are changed according to a threshold-based filtering criteria such that pixels in the same block all have the same binary value. The block is then shifted by k pixels and pixel processing repeats until all pixels have been processed. Once all blocks have been processed, contiguous pixels having the same binary value are grouped to form objects. In such a manner, pixel classification errors are reduced.
摘要翻译： 所公开的是用于后处理已经被处理用于像素分类的多光谱图像的系统和方法。 接收包含使用像素分类方法分类的像素的二进制图像。 图像中的每个像素具有相关联的强度值，并且具有像素值为1或0的取决于像素是否被分类为感兴趣的材料。 定义一个大小为m×n的块。 块中的像素值根据基于阈值的滤波准则而改变，使得相同块中的像素都具有相同的二进制值。 然后将块移动k个像素，并重复像素处理直到所有像素都被处理。 一旦所有块都被处理，具有相同二进制值的连续像素被分组以形成对象。 以这种方式，减少像素分类误差。
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