摘要:
An internal combustion engine is connected to a supercharger which is powered by exhaust energy for compressing and feeding of the air charge. The supercharger has at least one exhaust chamber and one air compression chamber both having an intake and an output. A membrane is sandwiched between the two chambers for changing the volume in the charger. The membrane is comprised of tightly fitted single elements which are movable relative to each other and are made from a heat resistant material. The membrane is driven by exhaust gases entering into the exhaust chamber from the internal combustion engine such that the movement of the membrane is synchronized with piston movement of the internal combustion engine to move charged air from the air charge chamber to a piston cylinder.
摘要:
An apparatus for the expansion of pressurized, pulsating exhaust gases comprises at least one expansion chamber (12a, 12b; 40; 68, and 70), a piston (18; 44; and 66) oscillating in the expansion chamber (12a, 12b; 40; 68 and 70) and an output drive (16, 34; 46, 56, 63; 67, 90, 92 and 110) that is connected with the piston (18; 44; and 66) and includes a directional clutch (36; 58; 102, and 104), that is so arranged that it produces a coupling connection in the direction of motion corresponding to exhaust gas expansion. In the case of there being at least two expansion chambers (68 and 70) adapted to receive exhaust gas acting in opposite directions there is preferably a directional clutch (102 and 104) for each direction of expansion, said two directional clutches (102 and 104) being connected together by means of a reversing drive (86, 88, 90, 92 and 110 ) for output drive in the same direction. The piston (18; 44; and 66) is associated with a returning means (48) acting against the direction of expansion of the exhaust gases.
摘要:
A method of operating cooling fluid circuit of an internal combustion engine for an automotive vehicle at cold start of said engine. Said cooling fluid circuit includes pump means, a heat storage and a cabin heating system heat exchanger interconnected between said heat storage and said engine. The method comprises unloading said heat storage to transfer heat thereof to cooling fluid circulating in said cooling fluid circuit and operating said heat exchanger so as to transfer at least some of the heat of the circulating cooling fluid to heating air of said cabin heating system. Said heat storage is being unloaded in a first unloading phase during which the cooling fluid circulates in said cooling fluid circuit at a flow rate substantially corresponding to the saturation point of said heat exchanger, and thereafter in a second unloading phase during which the cooling fluid circulates in said cooling fluid circuit at a rate reduced such that the temperature of the heating air entering the vehicle cabin remains at a uniform level during said second unloading phase until said engine has reached a temperature sufficient to maintain said uniform level.
摘要:
In order to reduce the exhaust gas emissions of automotive vehicle combustion engines including exhaust gas catalytic converters, the exhaust gases are caused to flow between the engine and the catalytic converter through conduit branches of different thermal characteristics. Said conduit branches comprise a full load tube and a partial load tube, with the full load tube surrounding the partial load tube so as to provide an annular space between the full load tube and the partial load tube.
摘要:
In order to reduce the exhaust gas emissions of an internal combustion engine (10) for automotive vehicles including an exhaust gas catalytic converter (18), a ram condition will be generated at least during the starting phase in the exhaust gas conduit (16), which ram condition provides for an increase of pressure at the exhaust gas outlet of the engine of at least 0.5 bar, preferably of at least 1 bar, and the engine is additionally loaded at rapid load and speed changes.
摘要:
In the operation of heat storage devices in particular for reusable heat in automotive vehicles, and in particular for heating the engine at cold start, a coolant circulates in a cooling fluid circuit extending through the engine, with the coolant flowing between a heat source and/or a heat consumer and an heat storage device being used as the storage medium. At cold start, circulation of the coolant in the cooling fluid circuit occurs via the heat storage device and such circulation is terminated as soon as the temperatures of the coolant at the inlet and the outlet of the heat storage device have approximated each other to a predetermined value.
摘要:
In the case of a vacuum insulating structure adapted for the transmission of thrust forces and more particularly for the heat storage means of motor vehicles in an evacuated insulating zone and at least in the zones with a need of bracing a continuous, load-bearing brace means of pore-forming insulating material is arranged, whose mass density is so reduced that the load-bearing capacity thereof is just sufficient to take up the thrust forces to be transmitted. The gas pressure in the insulating zone is correspondingly reduced in accordance with the necessary insulating effect.
摘要:
In a method for the production of a heat storage means, more particularly in the form of a latent heat storage means, for vehicle heating systems run on heat from the engine, comprising a housing, which is made up of an outer container and an inner container arranged in spaced relationship to the outer container so as to constitute an insulating vessel including an insulating zone, a heat storage core arranged in the inner container and having at least one chamber for a heat storage medium in it, said chamber being separated by a partition wall from at least one flow path for a heat transfer medium, and an inlet duct and outlet duct for the heat transfer medium, such ducts being connected with the flow path and extending outwards through the insulating zone, the insulating zone having been baked out in the housing for degassing and having been evacuated. In the range between the filling temperature of the storage when being being charged into the storage zone, and the maximum temperature occurring thereafter the volume of the storage medium changes with temperature to a greater extent than the respective chamber volume. There the amount of the filling charge of the storage medium is made such that at the maximum temperature occurring the volume of the storage medium is at the most equal to the associated chamber volume.
摘要:
More particularly for the catalytic treatment of the exhaust gas of an IC engine, such as the IC engine of a motor vehicle, in the case of which the gases of combustion flow through a converter, the latter is provided with an emission buffer designed for the cold start state. It is capable of storing noxious emissions, more particularly those produced during a cold start, such as unburned hydrocarbons and to release them into the exhaust gas again.
摘要:
An apparatus for supplying precompressed combustion air to an internal combustion engine. The engine having at least one piston including a piston cylinder, a piston positioned in the cylinder, and inlet and outlet ports in the cylinder. The apparatus includes a supercharger for compressing the combustion air which is transported, via a conduit, to the piston cylinder; a cooling element associated with the conduit for expanding and cooling the combustion air before the combustion air enters the cylinder; and a controller associated with the charger for controlling the volume of combustion air entering the piston cylinder. Also, disclosed is a method for supplying combustion air to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.