公开(公告)号：US5529897A

公开(公告)日：1996-06-25

申请号：US485892

申请日：1995-06-07

申请人： Katie E. Adams ,  Ian M. Newington ,  Alan R. Pitt

发明人： Katie E. Adams ,  Ian M. Newington ,  Alan R. Pitt

IPC分类号： B01F17/56 ,  C07H15/04 ,  C07H15/12 ,  G03C1/38

CPC分类号： C07H15/04 ,  G03C1/38

摘要： A water-soluble or water-dispersible, non-ionic surface active compound has the formulaZNHQNHZ (I)whereineach Z independently is a polysaccharide group linked to the remainder of the molecule through one of its ketone groups; and,Q together with the two NH groups to which it is attached represents the atoms necessary to complete a polyalkyleneamine unit wherein at least one of the amine nitrogen atoms has a hydrophobic, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group linked thereto. Such surfactants can be used in hydrophilic colloid compositions in the manufacture of photographic materials.

摘要翻译： 水溶性或水分散性非离子表面活性化合物具有式ZNHQNHZ（I），其中每个Z独立地是通过其酮基之一与分子的其余部分连接的多糖基团; 并且Q与连接的两个NH基团一起代表完成聚亚烷基亚烷基单元所需的原子，其中至少一个胺氮原子具有与其连接的疏水性，取代或未取代的烃基。 这种表面活性剂可以用于制造照相材料的亲水胶体组合物中。

公开(公告)号：US5457023A

公开(公告)日：1995-10-10

申请号：US170562

申请日：1993-12-20

申请人： Catherine B. Briggs ,  Ian M. Newington ,  Alan R. Pitt

发明人： Catherine B. Briggs ,  Ian M. Newington ,  Alan R. Pitt

IPC分类号： C07C235/06 ,  C07C235/10 ,  C07C237/22 ,  C07C275/14 ,  C07C275/28 ,  C07C311/05 ,  C07C311/18 ,  C07C335/08 ,  C07C335/16 ,  G03C1/38

CPC分类号： C07C235/10 ,  G03C1/38

摘要： A water-soluble or water-dispersible, non-ionic surface active compound is provided having the formula ##STR1## wherein each Y independently is a hydrophilic polyhydroxyalkyl group;each X independently is ##STR2## each R independently is a hydrophobic substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or a hydrophobic substituted or unsubstituted aryl group;each n independently is an integer from 2 to 6; and,each m is an integer from 2 to 4.Such surfactants can be used in hydrophilic colloid compositions in the manufacture of photographic materials.

摘要翻译： 提供具有式（1）的水溶性或水分散性非离子表面活性化合物，其中每个Y独立地是亲水性聚羟烷基; 每个X独立地是每个R独立地是疏水性取代或未取代的烷基或疏水性取代或未取代的芳基; 每个n独立地是2至6的整数; 并且每个m是2至4的整数。这种表面活性剂可用于制造照相材料的亲水胶体组合物中。

公开(公告)号：US5270161A

公开(公告)日：1993-12-14

申请号：US730965

申请日：1991-07-29

申请人： Alan R. Pitt ,  Ian M. Newington

发明人： Alan R. Pitt ,  Ian M. Newington

IPC分类号： B01F17/46 ,  B01F17/00 ,  C07C217/28 ,  C07C217/32 ,  C07C217/34 ,  C07C235/08 ,  C07C235/10 ,  G03C1/38 ,  G03C1/005 ,  C07C215/10

CPC分类号： C07C217/34 ,  B01F17/0042 ,  C07C217/28 ,  C07C235/08 ,  G03C1/38

摘要： Water-soluble, non-ionic surface active compounds are provided having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms;X is a hydrophobic substituted or unsubstituted arylene group or a hydrophobic substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group;Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 are each independently a chemical bond, --CO-- or --(CH.sub.2).sub.m NR.sup.3 CO--;m is an integer from 1 to 6;R.sup.3 is as defined for R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 ; and,Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 are each independently a hydrophilic polyhydroxyalkyl group. The compounds are particularly useful as coating aids for the coating of hydrophilic colloid layers in the preparation of photographic materials.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP90 / 00606 Sec。 371日期1991年7月29日 102（e）日期1991年7月29日PCT 1990年4月13日提交PCT公布。 出版物WO90 / 12782 日本1990年11月1日提供了具有下式的水溶性非离子表面活性化合物：其中R 1和R 2各自独立地为氢或具有1至4个碳原子的烷基; X是疏水性取代或未取代的亚芳基或疏水性取代或未取代的亚烷基; Y1和Y2各自独立地为化学键，-CO-或 - （CH2）mNR3CO-; m是1至6的整数; R3如R1和R2所定义; 且Z 1和Z 2各自独立地为亲水性聚羟烷基。 该化合物特别可用作在制备照相材料中涂布亲水胶体层的涂料助剂。

公开(公告)号：US06939577B2

公开(公告)日：2005-09-06

申请号：US10682288

申请日：2003-10-09

申请人： Julie Baker ,  Alan R. Pitt

发明人： Julie Baker ,  Alan R. Pitt

IPC分类号： B41J2/01 ,  B05D5/04 ,  B05D7/24 ,  B41M5/00 ,  B41M5/50 ,  B41M5/52 ,  C08J9/04 ,  B05D5/00

CPC分类号： B41M5/5254 ,  B41M5/52 ,  B41M5/5227 ,  B41M5/5236 ,  B41M5/529

摘要： The invention provides a method of making a material comprising the steps of: coating a support with a solution comprising a polymer, a blowing agent and a surfactant. Either prior to or after the step of coating the support, the solution is interacted with to cause the blowing agent to generate bubbles within the solution causing foaming of the polymer. The surfactant is selected in dependence on whether or not it satisfies one or more predetermined criteria, to control the size of the bubbles.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种制备材料的方法，包括以下步骤：用包含聚合物，发泡剂和表面活性剂的溶液涂覆载体。 在涂覆载体的步骤之前或之后，溶液相互作用以使发泡剂在溶液内产生气泡，导致聚合物发泡。 根据其是否满足一个或多个预定标准来选择表面活性剂以控制气泡的尺寸。

公开(公告)号：US06794121B2

公开(公告)日：2004-09-21

申请号：US10346961

申请日：2003-01-17

申请人： David R. Foster ,  Stephen P. Singer ,  William J. Harrison ,  Alan R. Pitt

发明人： David R. Foster ,  Stephen P. Singer ,  William J. Harrison ,  Alan R. Pitt

IPC分类号： G03C518

CPC分类号： G03C1/29 ,  G03C1/005 ,  G03C1/38 ,  G03C7/39216 ,  G03C7/39236 ,  G03C2001/0854

摘要： This invention relates to a method of spectrally sensitizing a silver halide emulsion comprising the following steps in the following order a) providing a silver halide emulsion comprising tabular silver halide grains having an inner dye layer adjacent to the silver halide grain, said dye layer comprising at least one dye (Dye 1) that is capable of spectrally sensitizing silver halide, b) adding to the emulsion at least one dye (Dye 2) capable of providing a second dye layer adjacent to the inner dye layer, and c) adding to the emulsion a non-cationic surfactant or a scavenger for oxidized developer, or a combination of the two, to form a silver halide emulsion comprising silver halide grains having associated therewith two dye layers, wherein the dye layers are held together by non-covalent forces or by in situ bond formation; the outer dye layer adsorbs light at equal or higher energy than the inner dye layer; and the energy emission wavelength of the outer dye layer overlaps with the energy absorption wavelength of the inner dye layer.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种使卤化银乳剂光谱增感的方法，包括以下顺序的以下步骤：a）提供包含具有与卤化银颗粒相邻的内染料层的片状卤化银颗粒的卤化银乳剂，所述染料层至少包含 能够使卤化银光谱增感的一种染料（染料1），b）向该乳液中加入至少一种能够提供与该内部染料层相邻的第二染料层的染料（染料2），以及c）向该乳液中添加 非阳离子表面活性剂或用于氧化显影剂的清除剂或两者的组合，以形成包含与其相关联的两个染料层的卤化银颗粒的卤化银乳剂，其中染料层通过非共价键或通过 原位结合; 外染料层以等于或高于内染料层的能量吸收光; 并且外部染料层的能量发射波长与内部染料层的能量吸收波长重叠。

公开(公告)号：US06703067B2

公开(公告)日：2004-03-09

申请号：US10178264

申请日：2002-06-24

申请人： Alice G. Moon ,  F. Miguel Joos ,  Alan R. Pitt

发明人： Alice G. Moon ,  F. Miguel Joos ,  Alan R. Pitt

IPC分类号： B05D500

CPC分类号： C09D7/00

摘要： A method for measuring the dynamic surface tension (DST) of a proposed outer layer of a liquid composition, to be curtain or slide hopper coated, over a range of surfactant levels to determine the surfactant concentration which produces the maximum resistance to air currents. Measurements are made by the Wilhelmy Blade Method, in which a surface of a pool of composition to be measured is placed in contact with the lower edge of a suspended blade. The static method is modified such that the surface of the composition touching the blade is continually refreshed to simulate the formation of fresh curtain surface by pumping the composition upwards through an open cylinder and allowing the composition to spill over the edges (“overflowing weir”). The bulk surfactant concentration providing maximum resistance to coated streakiness or mottle is highly correlated with the concentration providing maximum surface tension gradients in the overflowing weir apparatus. Thus, for new or non-optimized air-contact layers, the optimum surfactant concentration can be predicted quickly and inexpensively through off-line measurement of surface tension using the overflowing weir technique.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在一定范围的表面活性剂水平上测量所提出的液体组合物外层的动态表面张力（DST）作为幕涂或滑动料斗的方法，以确定产生对气流的最大阻力的表面活性剂浓度。 测量由Wilhelmy Blade Method进行，其中被测量组合物的表面与悬挂叶片的下边缘接触。 修改静态方法，使得接触叶片的组合物的表面被不断地刷新，以通过将组合物向上泵送通过开放的气缸并使组合物溢出边缘（“溢流堰”）来模拟新的窗帘表面的形成 。 提供对涂层条纹或斑驳的最大阻力的体表面活性剂浓度与在溢流堰装置中提供最大表面张力梯度的浓度高度相关。 因此，对于新的或未优化的空气接触层，可以通过使用溢流堰技术通过离线测量表面张力来快速且廉价地预测最佳表面活性剂浓度。

公开(公告)号：US6127453A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-03

申请号：US217366

申请日：1998-12-21

申请人： David Erdtmann ,  Alan R. Pitt ,  Trevor Wear

发明人： David Erdtmann ,  Alan R. Pitt ,  Trevor Wear

IPC分类号： C08F220/56 ,  C09D11/00 ,  C09D11/10 ,  C08F20/56 ,  C08F120/56

CPC分类号： C09D11/326 ,  C08F220/56

摘要： An ink jet ink composition comprising from about 0.5% to about 30% by weight of a pigment, a carrier and a hydrophobically capped oligomeric acrylamide dispersant in a ratio of dispersant:pigment from about 0.1:1 to about 5:1.

摘要翻译： 一种喷墨油墨组合物，其包含约0.5重量％至约30重量％的颜料，载体和疏水封端的低聚丙烯酰胺分散剂，其分散剂：颜料的比例为约0.1:1至约5:1。

公开(公告)号：US4892806A

公开(公告)日：1990-01-09

申请号：US249741

申请日：1988-09-26

申请人： Catherine B. A. Briggs ,  Alan R. Pitt

发明人： Catherine B. A. Briggs ,  Alan R. Pitt

IPC分类号： C07C235/10 ,  G03C1/38

CPC分类号： C07C235/10 ,  G03C1/38 ,  Y10S430/136 ,  Y10S516/07

摘要： The invention provides water soluble surface active compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted aryl, provided that not both R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen,and each of x and y independently is an integer from 3 to 6.In a preferred embodiment where discrete compounds are required, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical and x and y are identical.Particularly preferred compounds are those wherein each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is an alkyl group having from 5 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably from 6 to 7 carbon atoms, and each of x and y is an integer from 3 to 6.

公开(公告)号：US20100129550A1

公开(公告)日：2010-05-27

申请号：US11815498

申请日：2005-12-22

申请人： John D. Goddard ,  Alan R. Pitt ,  Elizabeth A. Simister ,  Mark Bradley ,  Anais F. Ronot

发明人： John D. Goddard ,  Alan R. Pitt ,  Elizabeth A. Simister ,  Mark Bradley ,  Anais F. Ronot

IPC分类号： B05D5/00 ,  C08F2/46 ,  C08F20/56 ,  C08F120/06 ,  C08F120/10 ,  C09D11/10

CPC分类号： C09C3/048 ,  C01P2004/84 ,  C01P2006/12 ,  C01P2006/22 ,  C01P2006/90 ,  C09C1/565 ,  C09C3/04 ,  C09D11/322 ,  C09D11/324

摘要： Pigments for inkjet inks are controllably functionalised to improve water-dispersibility, ozone resistance, etc., by irradiation of the pigment particle with high energy radiation, such as gamma radiation in air or by plasma activation, to form a stable functionalisable intermediate pigment particle, then activating the stable functionalisable intermediate, e.g. by heating, in the presence of a functionalising precursor (e.g. a polymer or polymerisable monomer) to form a modified pigment particle having one or more functionalising group grafted onto the pigment particle.

摘要翻译： 通过用空气中的γ射线或等离子体激活等高能量辐射照射颜料颗粒，可以可控地使用喷墨油墨的颜料来改善水分散性，耐臭氧性等，以形成稳定的可官能的中间颜料颗粒， 然后激活稳定的可功能中间体，例如 通过在官能化前体（例如聚合物或可聚合单体）的存在下加热以形成具有接枝到颜料颗粒上的一个或多个官能化基团的改性颜料颗粒。

公开(公告)号：US06576412B1

公开(公告)日：2003-06-10

申请号：US09868210

申请日：2001-06-14

申请人： Alan R. Pitt ,  David D. Miller ,  Andrew Howe

发明人： Alan R. Pitt ,  David D. Miller ,  Andrew Howe

IPC分类号： G03C100

CPC分类号： B01F17/0042 ,  B01F17/005 ,  B01F17/0085 ,  G03C1/38 ,  G03C7/388

摘要： A hydrophilic colloid composition having hydrophobic material dispersed therein and comprising an anionic surface active agent further comprises a cationic surface active agent in an amount sufficient to reduce the viscosity of the composition, the cationic surface active agent comprising a hydrophobic moiety, a non-ionic hydrophilic moiety and a cationic hydrophilic moiety.

摘要翻译： 具有分散在其中并且包含阴离子表面活性剂的疏水材料的亲水胶体组合物还包含足以降低组合物粘度的量的阳离子表面活性剂，包含疏水部分的阳离子表面活性剂，非离子亲水性 部分和阳离子亲水部分。