Abstract:
A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine can control an actual operating characteristic with high precision by shortening a response time thereof. The control apparatus capable of changing an actual phase angle of a camshaft by an OCV includes a crank angle sensor for detecting a crank angle of a crankshaft and generating a crank angle signal, an actual phase angle detection section for detecting the actual phase angle of the camshaft, an air flow sensor and a throttle position sensor for detecting an operating state of the engine, a target phase angle calculation section for calculating a target phase angle based on the operating state, and a phase angle feedback control section for calculating an operation amount to the OCV so as to make the actual phase angle coincide with the target phase angle. The phase angle feedback control section calculates the operation amount in synchronization with the crank angle signal.
Abstract:
An integrated circuit includes: a first well of a first conductivity type; a second well of a second conductivity type coming into contact with the first well at a well boundary extending in a gate length direction; a first transistor having a first active region of the second conductivity type provided in the first well; and a second transistor which has a second active region of the second conductivity type provided in the first well and differing from the first active region in length in a gate width direction. The center location of the first active region in the gate width direction is aligned with the center location of the second active region in the gate width direction with reference to the well boundary.
Abstract:
An electronic throttle control apparatus includes first and second throttle position sensors that detect an opening of a throttle valve for adjusting an amount of supply air to an internal combustion engine, a throttle control unit that controls to drive the throttle valve, first and second accelerator position sensors that detect an operation amount of an accelerator pedal, and an ECU that calculates control parameters for the internal combustion engine on the basis of internal combustion engine operation information including an accelerator opening and a throttle opening and controls a throttle actuator such that a throttle opening position coincides with a target throttle opening position included in the control parameters. The ECU surely detects an abnormality in a sensor output due to contact failure or the like of the throttle position sensors and the accelerator position sensors. As a result, it is possible to provide an electronic throttle control apparatus that can prevent an unintended increase in the number of revolutions of the internal combustion engine, an engine trouble, and the like.
Abstract:
A portable communication device capable of realizing an improved portability and an improved maneuverability at the same time. A portable communication device, includes an input unit having a plurality of input keys; a display unit having a plurality of display regions in correspondence to the input keys, for displaying names of functions assigned to the input keys in an arrangement corresponding to a spatial arrangement of the input keys; and a communication unit for making a communication by transmitting and receiving communication data according to a user's input entered by operating the input keys.
Abstract:
A plasma addressed electro-optical display device having a plasma cell comprising an anode electrode and a cathode electrode arranged in parallel in a plasma chamber in which a discharge is performed and a liquid crystal cell arranged near the plasma chamber and driven through a virtual electrode formed in the region discharged in the plasma cell, wherein as the discharge gas sealed in the plasma chamber, use is made of one of the group of approximately 100 percent by volume of xenon (Xe); approximately 100 percent by volume of krypton (Kr); a mixed gas of xenon (Xe) and an inert gas other than xenon (Xe) or a stable gas; and a mixed gas of krypton (Kr) and an inert gas other than krypton (Kr) or a stable gas.
Abstract:
A power control apparatus for controlling power supplied to an electric motor rotating a rotor employed in a centrifuge is provided. The power control apparatus includes first and second inverters and a smoothing capacitor disposed between the first and second inverters. In a motor power mode, the first inverter charges the smoothing capacitor with power supplied by an AC power supply, while the second inverter charges, in a motor braking mode, the smoothing capacitor with power regenerated by the motor during a braking operation for returning the regenerated power back to the AC power supply through the first inverter. An reactor is arranged between the AC power supply and the first inverter for reducing harmonic components contained in the current supplied from or back to the AC power supply.
Abstract:
A control section for controlling a gearshift position changeover mechanism of an automatic transmission includes a downshift determination section for determining whether or not a downshift on descending roads is required, and a downshift command section for outputting a downshift command signal when it is determined that downshift is necessary. The downshift determination section is provided with a learning correction section for effecting a learning correction of a determination reference based on a manipulation characteristic of a driver immediately after completion of downshift each time a downshift takes place.
Abstract:
A projector type headlamp in which an extension is firmly and positively installed without the use of adhesive. The headlamp includes a lamp body, a front lens covering the front opening of the lamp body, an elliptical mirror arranged inside the lamp body, a light bulb disposed at the first focal point of the elliptical mirror, a condenser lens whose focal point is set substantially at the second focal point of the elliptical mirror, and an extension placed around the condenser lens. The extension includes an elastic engaging piece and a plurality of screw mounting pieces. The elastic engaging piece is fixedly engaged with an engaging member formed in the inner surface of the lamp body, and the screw mounting pieces are fixedly secured to fixing portions formed in the inner surface of the lamp body with screws.