摘要:
An apparatus for use in a crystal manufacturing system based on a floating zone method or Czochralski method, adapted to control a quantity relating to the diameter of a crystal rod at the crystallization boundary, and designed to reduce hunting in the control of the quantity relating to the crystal diameter so as to prevent disturbance in crystallization and reduce irregularities in the surface of the crystal rod even if there is a discrepancy between a predetermined pattern and the ideal pattern with respect to the quantity to be controlled. The apparatus has a controller provided with: a program setter (72) adapted to output a quantity based on a predetermined pattern written in the controller in response to a detected value of the quantity relating to the crystal diameter at the crystallization boundary (24) or to the length of the crystal rod (18); a first adjuster (84) for performing a PI or PID control action in response to the difference between the detected value and the desired value of the quantity relating to the crystal diameter at the crystallization boundary (24); a second adjuster (76) for performing, in response to the difference between the detected value and the desired value of the quantity relating to the crystal diameter at the crystallization boundary (24), I.sup.2 control action for additional time-integration of a value obtained by time-integration of this difference; and a superposer (78) for outputting, as an adjustment amount, a value of linear combination between the program setter (72), the first adjuster (84), and the second adjuster (76).
摘要:
A rotation detecting sensor includes a magnetic element group including at least three magnetic elements each of which detects rotations of a rotary body that includes a magnetic body, output portions each for outputting a signal generated at each of the magnetic elements to an outside, and element selecting means for selecting arbitrary two magnetic elements from the magnetic element group and applying the generated signal to the two output portions.
摘要:
An angular sensor which enables to obtain an output signal proportional to a relative rotational angle with low manufacturing cost and with miniaturized size. An angular sensor which includes a first magnet and a second magnet fixed to a rotation body, magnetic flux sensing surface is fixed to the stator to be positioned in magnetic field between the first magnet and the second magnet and perpendicular to magnetic sensing direction for sensing a magnetic flux, a magneto-electric transducer element for outputting an electric signal corresponding to a magnetic sensing direction element of the magnetic density, deflection yokes. The deflection yokes are positioned facing the magnetic flux sensing surfaces. The deflection yokes are positioned within a range of three quarters of a distance between the first magnet and the second magnet in X-axis direction and one half of a distance between the first magnet and the second magnet in Y-axis direction.
摘要:
To enable to easily attach an LNA board onto an antenna board without bringing about an increase in fabrication cost or an increase in a number of steps. An antenna unit 3 is mounted on one face of an antenna board 4 and an LNA board 1 is mounted on other face of the antenna board 4. The LNA board 1 is formed with an end face through hole and is soldered to the antenna board 4 at the end face through hole. This soldering enables to attach the LNA board 1 on the antenna board 4 and to electrically connect a GND pattern 4b of the antenna board 4 and a ground pattern 1c of the LNA board 1.
摘要:
A method of preventing and treating dry spots on the grass surface of a golf course comprising the sprinkling of a mixture of a nonionic surfactant and a water soluble polymer on the grass surface. The development of dry spots on the grass surface of a golf course can be prevented and also already developed dry spots can be treated and reduced by this method.
摘要:
A rotation-detecting apparatus includes a rotation-detecting device for detecting a rotation of a rotor, a rotational speed-detecting device (3) for detecting a rotational speed of the rotor and a transfer signal-generating device for generating a digitized transfer signal on the basis of items of transferred information. Either a pulsed first output waveform synchronized with rotation of the rotor, or a pseudo output waveform having a period independent of the period of the rotation of the rotor and having a first property that is different from that of the first output waveform, is selected on the basis of the rotational speed of the rotor. A second property of the output waveform selected is changed on the basis of the transfer signal. The output waveform of which the second property has been changed on the basis of the transfer signal is emitted.
摘要:
Disclosed is a rotation detecting sensor suitable for use under a vibration-abundant condition as e.g. a sensor disposed in an automobile body for detecting rotation of an engine or ABS. The sensor includes a detecting element for detecting rotation of a rotary body as a change in a magnetic flux and outputting a signal and an integrated circuit for processing the amplified signal into a pulse corresponding to the detected rotation of the rotary body. The signal processing includes an initialization such as a gain adjustment for obtaining an appropriate gain for use in the subsequent process of conversion of the amplified signal to the pulse. According to this invention, a re-initialization is effected to obtain a new initial value such as a new gain if the previously effected initialization is determined inappropriate.
摘要:
A rotation-detecting apparatus includes a rotation-detecting means for detecting a rotation of a rotor, a rotational speed-detecting means (3) for detecting a rotational speed of the rotor and a transfer signal-generating means for generating a digitized transfer signal on the basis of items of transferred information. Either a pulsed first output waveform synchronized with rotation of the rotor, or a pseudo output waveform having a period independent of the period of the rotation of the rotor and having a first property that is different from that of the first output waveform, is selected on the basis of the rotational speed of the rotor. A second property of the output waveform selected is changed on the basis of the transfer signal. The output waveform of which the second property has been changed on the basis of the transfer signal is emitted.
摘要:
In a portable electric apparatus comprising a radio tuner, an optical disc drive, a casing, and an antenna, the apparatus further comprises a lid arranged on a top surface of the casing. The lid is openable for taking the optical disc into and out from the optical disc drive. The antenna is mounted to the lid. An earth plate electrically connected to the antenna is mounted to the lid.
摘要:
In an electromagnetic coupling type four-point feeding loop antenna (10) comprising a tubular body (11), a loop portion (12) having a loop width (W1), four feeders (13) each having a feeder width (W2), and four electromagnetic coupling wires (17) each having a coupling wire width (W3), the loop width, the feeder width, and the coupling wire width are substantially equal to one another. A gap (&dgr;) between the feeder and the electromagnetic coupling wire is laid in a range between 0.2 mm and 0.8 mm, both inclusive, when the electromagnetic coupling type four-point feeding loop antenna has a feeding impedance of a range between 25 &OHgr; and 100 &OHgr;, both inclusive.