摘要:
A waveguide type electro-optical element is made up of a proton-exchanged optical waveguide formed on a substrate which possesses an electro-optical effect. At least one pair of electrodes is formed on the substrate adjacent to the optical waveguide with a buffer layer being disposed between the substrate and the electrodes. A guide beam propagating through the waveguide is diffracted as a result of the application of a voltage to the electrodes. The buffer layer is made of material which has a specific resistance ranging between 10.sup.7 -10.sup.11 .OMEGA.cm. The optical waveguide may be of a form having a split-type optical waveguide consisting of the combination of two Y-shaped waveguides, and a pair of channel optical waveguides constituting a directional coupler.
摘要:
A sensing system using a sensing element being constituted by a transparent body sandwiched by first and second reflectors one or each of which is in contact with a specimen, and exhibiting an absorption characteristic varying with the specimen. The first reflector is a partially transparent reflective, and the second reflector is completely reflective, or partially transparent reflective. A light injection unit injects light onto the first reflector, and a light detection unit detects the intensity of light outputted from the sensing element in response to the injection. The light injection unit has a wavelength stabilizing arrangement and injects laser light, or injects light at two wavelengths. In the latter case, the light detection unit detects the intensities of outputted light at the two wavelengths, and a calculation unit obtains the difference between the intensities.
摘要:
A polarization maintaining optical fiber, for guiding a measuring light beam, is provided within a probe. The probe is configured to be rotatable in the circumferential direction of the polarization maintaining optical fiber. A polarization direction rotating means, for rotating the polarization direction of the measuring light beam that enters the polarization maintaining optical fiber accompanying rotation of the probe, is provided in order to maintain a state in which the polarization direction of the measuring light beam that enters the polarization maintaining optical fiber and the direction of the polarization axis of the polarization maintaining optical fiber are matched.
摘要:
An optical wavelength conversion system includes an optical waveguide type optical wavelength conversion element having periodic domain reversals, and a semiconductor laser which generates a laser beam which is caused to enter the optical wavelength conversion element as a fundamental wave. A part of the laser beam is split by a beam splitter upstream of the optical wavelength conversion element, and the split part of the laser beam is reflected by a mirror and fed back to the semiconductor laser. A narrow band pass filter is disposed between the beam splitter and the mirror.
摘要:
The present invention relates to novel antifungal antibiotics herein designated as pradimicin L and pradimicin FL, and derivatives thereof. Pradimicins L and FL are produced by Actinomadura verrucosospora subsp. neohibisca strain R103-3, ATCC No. 53930.
摘要:
An optical element consists of an LN or LT crystal doped with MgO or ZnO. A +z surface and a -z surface of the crystal are connected to each other by means of a metal jig and an indium sheet. The +z surface and the -z surface may also be connected to each other by means of an electrically conductive wire material. The optical element may be a bulk crystal, an optical waveguide type electro-optical modulator, or a bifurcated interference type optical modulator. In this way, an optical damage resistant property of the optical element is improved.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a fermentation process for producing BMY-28960 and desxylosyl BMY-28960, and to a novel BMY-28960-producing organism belonging to the genus Actinomadura and designated as strain AB 1236 (ATCC 55208).
摘要:
The present invention relates to a fermentation process for producing BMY-28960 and desxylosyl BMY-28960, and to a novel BMY-28960-producing organism belonging to the genus Actinomadura and designated as strain AB 1236 (ATCC 55208).
摘要:
A light beam deflector includes an optical waveguide made of a material capable of propagating surface elastic waves therethrough, and n (n.gtoreq.2) surface elastic wave generating means for generating in the optical waveguide surface elastic waves which travel across the path of a guided wave traveling in the optical wave guide, thereby diffracting and deflecting the guided wave n times and amplifying the deflection of the guided wave caused by the diffraction thereof. Each of the n surface elastic wave generating means comprises an interdigital transducer having electrode fingers spaced at distances that vary stepwise, and a driver for applying an alternating voltage having a continuously varying high frequency to the interdigital transducer. The drivers apply alternating voltages having frequencies shifted from each other to the interdigital transducers, respectively, so that periodic variations in the intensities of the surface elastic waves generated respectively from the interdigital transducers will not amplify each other.
摘要:
A light beam deflector employs first and second surface elastic waves to deflect a guided wave introduced as a light beam and guided in an optical waveguide. The surface elastic waves are generated respectively by first and second tilted-finger chirped interdigital transducers or curved-finger interdigital transducers which are arranged such that they deflect the guided wave successively and thereby achieve a total deflection angle range which is wide. The light beam deflector may also include third and fourth interdigital transducers for generating third and fourth surface elastic waves for deflecting another guided wave which is split from the light beam. The deflected two light beams emitted from the optical waveguide scan a surface along a common scanning line or along respective independent scanning lines. The light beam deflector further includes an electrooptic light modulator for modulating the guided wave or waves with an image signal at a high speed.