公开(公告)号：US06901391B2

公开(公告)日：2005-05-31

申请号：US10051323

申请日：2002-01-18

Applicant: Bruce H. Storm, Jr. ,  Roger L. Schultz ,  John R. Dennis ,  John M. Richardson

Inventor： Bruce H. Storm, Jr. ,  Roger L. Schultz ,  John R. Dennis ,  John M. Richardson

IPC: E21B41/00 ,  E21B43/00 ,  G06F15/18

CPC classification number: E21B43/00 ,  E21B2041/0028 ,  Y10T70/424

Abstract: A method of optimizing performance of a well system utilizes a neural network. In a described embodiment, the method includes the step of accumulating data indicative of the performance of the well system in response to variable influencing parameters. The data is used to train a neural network to model an output of the well system in response to the influencing parameters. An output of the neural network may then be input to a valuing model, e.g., to permit optimization of a value of the well system. The optimization process yields a set of prospective influencing parameters which may be incorporated into the well system to maximize its value.

Abstract translation: 优化井系统性能的方法利用神经网络。 在所描述的实施例中，该方法包括响应于可变影响参数累积指示井系统的性能的数据的步骤。 该数据用于训练神经网络以响应于影响参数对井系统的输出进行建模。 然后神经网络的输出可以被输入到估价模型，例如，以允许井系统的值的优化。 优化过程产生一组预期的影响参数，其可以并入井系统以使其值最大化。

公开(公告)号：US20040256152A1

公开(公告)日：2004-12-23

申请号：US10814918

申请日：2004-03-31

Applicant: Baker Hughes Incorporated

Inventor： Dmitriy Dashevskiy ,  John D. MacPherson ,  Vladimir Dubinsky ,  Pat McGinley

IPC: E21B025/16 ,  E21B019/08

CPC classification number: E21B44/00 ,  E21B2041/0028

Abstract: A drilling control system provides, in one aspect, advisory actions for optimal drilling. Such a system or model utilizes downhole dynamics data and surface drilling parameters, to produce drilling models used to provide to a human operator with recommended drilling parameters for optimized performance. In another aspect, the output of the drilling control system is directly linked with rig instrumentation systems so as to provide a closed-loop automated drilling control system that optimizes drilling while taking into account the downhole dynamic behavior and surface parameters. The drilling models can be either static or dynamic. In one embodiment, the simulation of the drilling process uses neural networks to estimate some nonlinear function using the examples of input-output relations produced by the drilling process.

Abstract translation: 钻井控制系统在一个方面提供了用于最佳钻井的咨询动作。 这种系统或模型利用井下动力学数据和表面钻井参数，以产生用于向人类操作者提供用于优化性能的推荐钻孔参数的钻孔模型。 在另一方面，钻井控制系统的输出与钻机仪表系统直接相连，以便提供一种闭环自动钻井控制系统，其优化钻井同时考虑到井下动态特性和表面参数。 钻孔模型可以是静态的或动态的。 在一个实施例中，钻井过程的模拟使用神经网络来估计一些非线性函数，使用钻井过程产生的输入 - 输出关系的例子。

公开(公告)号：US06739409B2

公开(公告)日：2004-05-25

申请号：US10059565

申请日：2002-01-29

Applicant: Thomas Kruspe ,  Robert A. Slade ,  Martin Blanz ,  Peter Rottengatter ,  Hartmut Schrader ,  Rob Hawkes

Inventor： Thomas Kruspe ,  Robert A. Slade ,  Martin Blanz ,  Peter Rottengatter ,  Hartmut Schrader ,  Rob Hawkes

IPC: E21B4900

CPC classification number: G01V3/32 ,  E21B2041/0028

Abstract: An NMR device is presented that includes a drill collar having non-rotating sleeve containing permanent magnets. The non-rotating sleeve is clamped against a borehole wall and decoupled from drilling vibrations during NMR measurements. The transmitter and receiver are located on the rotating part of the drill collar. Alternatively the permanent magnets and the RF receiver antenna and/or receiver electronics are placed on the non-rotating sleeve which is clamped against the borehole wall and decoupled from drilling vibrations, with the transmitting antenna located on the rotating drill collar. Alternatively a non-rotating stabilizer is provided above or below an NMR sensor. A stabilizer is activated to stabilize the rotating NMR sensor located on the drilling collar in the bore hole. The permanent magnets and receiving and transmitting antennas are located on a non-rotating sleeve that is clamped against the borehole wall to decouple the permanent magnets and receiving and transmitting antennas from drilling vibrations.

Abstract translation: 提出了一种NMR装置，其包括具有包含永磁体的非旋转套筒的钻铤。 非旋转套筒被夹紧在钻孔壁上，并在NMR测量期间与钻孔振动解耦。 发射器和接收器位于钻铤的旋转部分上。 或者，永磁体和RF接收器天线和/或接收器电子器件放置在非旋转套筒上，该套筒被夹紧在钻孔壁上并与钻孔振动分离，发射天线位于旋转钻铤上。 或者，在NMR传感器之上或之下提供非旋转稳定器。 激活稳定器以稳定位于钻孔中的钻铤上的旋转NMR传感器。 永久磁铁和接收和发射天线位于非旋转套筒上，该套筒抵靠钻孔壁夹紧，以使永磁体和接收和发射天线与钻孔振动分离。

公开(公告)号：US20040000430A1

公开(公告)日：2004-01-01

申请号：US10607900

申请日：2003-06-27

Applicant: Halliburton Energy Service, Inc.

Inventor： William W. King

IPC: E21B044/00

CPC classification number: E21B7/00 ,  E21B12/02 ,  E21B44/00 ,  E21B44/005 ,  E21B49/00 ,  E21B49/003 ,  E21B2041/0028

Abstract: An iterative drilling simulation method and system for enhanced economic decision making includes obtaining characteristics of a rock column in a formation to be drilled, specifying characteristics of at least one drilling rig system; and iteratively simulating the drilling of a well bore in the formation. The method and system further produce an economic evaluation factor for each iteration of drilling simulation. Each iteration of drilling simulation is a function of the rock column and the characteristics of the at least one drilling rig system according to a prescribed drilling simulation model.

Abstract translation: 一种用于增强经济决策的迭代钻井模拟方法和系统，包括获得要钻探的地层中的岩石柱的特征，指定至少一个钻机系统的特征; 并迭代地模拟地层钻井的钻井。 该方法和系统进一步为钻井模拟的每次迭代产生经济评价因子。 根据规定的钻井模拟模型，钻井模拟的每次迭代都是岩柱的函数和至少一个钻机系统的特征。

公开(公告)号：US20030231017A1

公开(公告)日：2003-12-18

申请号：US10442585

申请日：2003-05-21

Applicant: Baker Hughes Incorporated

Inventor： Christian Kiesl ,  Thomas Kruspe ,  Holger F. Thern ,  Iris Surholt

IPC: G01V003/00

CPC classification number: E21B33/1243 ,  E21B43/26 ,  E21B49/008 ,  E21B49/06 ,  E21B49/10 ,  E21B2041/0028 ,  G01N3/32 ,  G01N15/082 ,  G01N24/081 ,  G01V3/32

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining a parameter of interest of a formation composed of carbonate rock. A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) sensor assembly produces a pulsed RF field designed for obtaining measurements indicative of the parameter of interest of the formation. A downhole processor processes the measurements for obtaining BVI and BVM using a cutoff time based on classification of the carbonate. Further processing is done to estimate the permeability of the carbonate.

Abstract translation: 一种用于确定由碳酸盐岩组成的地层的感兴趣参数的装置和方法。 核磁共振（NMR）传感器组件产生设计用于获得指示地层感兴趣的参数的测量的脉冲RF场。 井下处理器使用基于碳酸盐分类的截止时间来处理用于获得BVI和BVM的测量。 进行进一步处理以估计碳酸盐的渗透性。

公开(公告)号：US06662875B2

公开(公告)日：2003-12-16

申请号：US09769048

申请日：2001-01-24

Applicant: Ronald Marshall Bass ,  Harold J. Vinegar ,  Robert Rex Burnett ,  William Mountjoy Savage ,  Frederick Gordon Carl, Jr. ,  John Michele Hirsch ,  George Leo Stegemeier

Inventor： Ronald Marshall Bass ,  Harold J. Vinegar ,  Robert Rex Burnett ,  William Mountjoy Savage ,  Frederick Gordon Carl, Jr. ,  John Michele Hirsch ,  George Leo Stegemeier

IPC: E21B4300

CPC classification number: E21B47/122 ,  E21B17/003 ,  E21B34/066 ,  E21B34/08 ,  E21B34/16 ,  E21B43/122 ,  E21B43/123 ,  E21B43/14 ,  E21B2041/0028

Abstract: A current impedance device for routing a time-varying electrical current in a piping structure comprising an induction choke. The induction choke is generally concentric about a portion of the piping structure such that during operation a voltage potential forms between the piping structure and an electrical return when the time-varying electrical current is transmitted through and along the piping structure, and such that during operation part of the current can be routed through a device electrically connected to the piping structure due to the voltage potential formed. The induction choke may be unpowered and may comprise a ferromagnetic material. A system for defining an electrical circuit in a piping structure using at least one unpowered ferromagnetic induction choke, comprises an electrically conductive portion of the piping structure, a source of time-varying current, at least one induction choke, a device, and an electrical return. The system can have various configurations and embodiments to define a plurality of possible electrical circuits formed using at least one induction choke to route time-varying current. An electric power transformer can also be incorporated. The system is adapted to provide power and/or communications for the device via the piping structure. One possible application of the system is in a petroleum well where a downhole device can send or receive power and/or communication signals via a piping structure of the well.

公开(公告)号：US06633164B2

公开(公告)日：2003-10-14

申请号：US09798192

申请日：2001-03-02

Applicant: Harold J. Vinegar ,  Robert Rex Burnett ,  William Mountjoy Savage ,  Frederick Gordon Carl, Jr. ,  John Michele Hirsch ,  Peter Anthony Crossley

Inventor： Harold J. Vinegar ,  Robert Rex Burnett ,  William Mountjoy Savage ,  Frederick Gordon Carl, Jr. ,  John Michele Hirsch ,  Peter Anthony Crossley

IPC: G01V318

CPC classification number: E21B47/122 ,  E21B17/003 ,  E21B34/066 ,  E21B34/08 ,  E21B34/16 ,  E21B43/122 ,  E21B43/123 ,  E21B43/14 ,  E21B2041/0028 ,  G01V3/20

Abstract: A petroleum well (20) for producing petroleum products that incorporates a system adapted to controllably measure a formation resistivity using induction chokes (91-95) to form electrically isolated piping structure sections that can be used as the formation contact electrodes for time-varying current, and methods of producing petroleum products while measuring formation resistivity, are provided by the present invention. The system comprises a first induction choke (91), a second induction choke (92), and a device (50). The first induction choke (91) is located about a piping structure (30) of the well (20). The second induction choke (92) is also located about the piping structure (30) of the well (20), but the first induction choke (91) is distally spaced from the second induction choke (92). The device (50) is located outside of the piping structure (30) and comprises two terminals (71, 72). A first of the terminals (71) extending from the device (50) is electrically connected to the piping structure (30) on one side (81) of the first induction choke (91). A second of the terminals (72) extending from the device (50) is electrically connected to the piping structure (30) on another side (82) of the first induction choke (91), between the first and second induction chokes (91, 92), such that the downhole device (50) is electrically connected across an outside of the first induction choke (91). The system can further comprise other induction chokes (93-95), other terminals (97-99) extending from the device (50), a current sensor (114), a surface power source (54), a power transformer (104), a communications transformer (106), a surface modem (56), a downhole modem (102), a direct current power supply (101), and/or a power amplifier (110, 112). The piping structure can comprise at least a portion of a well casing (30), such that the well casing (30) acts as an electrode for making formation resistivity measurements due to the induction chokes (91-95).

公开(公告)号：US20030164240A1

公开(公告)日：2003-09-04

申请号：US09768705

申请日：2001-01-24

Inventor： Harold J. Vinegar ,  Robert Rex Burnett ,  William Mountjoy Savage ,  Fred Gordon Carl JR.

IPC: E21B043/16 ,  E21B034/06 ,  F04F001/08

CPC classification number: H04B13/02 ,  E21B17/003 ,  E21B17/028 ,  E21B33/1294 ,  E21B34/066 ,  E21B34/08 ,  E21B34/16 ,  E21B37/06 ,  E21B41/0085 ,  E21B41/02 ,  E21B43/12 ,  E21B43/122 ,  E21B43/123 ,  E21B43/14 ,  E21B43/16 ,  E21B47/06 ,  E21B47/10 ,  E21B47/1005 ,  E21B47/101 ,  E21B47/1015 ,  E21B47/12 ,  E21B47/122 ,  E21B2041/0028 ,  Y10T137/2934

Abstract: A gas-lift well having a controllable gas-lift valve is provided. The well uses the tubing and casing to communicate with and power the controllable valve from the surface. Induction chokes at the surface and downhole electrically isolate the tubing from the casing. A high band-width, adaptable communication system is used to communicate between the controllable valve and the surface. Additional sensors, such as pressure, temperature, and acoustic sensors, may be provided downhole to more accurately assess downhole conditions. The controllable valve is varied opened or closed, depending on downhole conditions, oil production, gas usage and availability, to optimize production and assist in unloading. While conventional, bellows-type, gas-lift valves frequently fail and leaknulloften undetectednullthe controllable valve hereof permits known precise operation and concomitant control of the gas-lift well.

Abstract translation: 提供具有可控气举阀的气举井。 井使用管道和套管与表面进行通信并为可控阀门供电。 表面和井下的感应扼流圈将管道与外壳电隔离。 高带宽适应性通信系统用于在可控阀和表面之间进行通信。 额外的传感器，例如压力，温度和声学传感器，可以在井下提供，以更准确地评估井下条件。 根据井下条件，石油生产，瓦斯的使用和可用性，可控阀门开启或关闭，以优化生产并协助卸载。 虽然传统的波纹管式气体升降阀经常发生故障并且通常未被发现 - 其中的可控阀允许已知的精确操作和伴随气举井的控制。

公开(公告)号：US20030026169A1

公开(公告)日：2003-02-06

申请号：US09921118

申请日：2001-08-02

Inventor： Roger L. Schultz

IPC: H04H009/00

CPC classification number: E21B47/16 ,  E21B2041/0028

Abstract: The invention describes a method and apparatus for effectively communicating data along the acoustic channel of a subterranean well. The method comprises optimally driving an acoustic transmitter with an adaptive transmitter controller. A data signal is transmitted along the acoustic channel and detected as a distorted signal along the acoustic channel. The distorted signal is input to the adaptive transmitter controller which, based on the detected signal, modifies later transmissions to counteract the distorting effects of the transmitter and acoustic channel. The adaptive transmitter controller preferably comprises a neural network. Another receiver may be employed, at a point further from the transmitter, to receive the optimized signals.

Abstract translation: 本发明描述了一种用于沿着地下井的声道有效地传送数据的方法和装置。 该方法包括用自适应发射机控制器最佳地驱动声发射机。 数据信号沿着声道传输并沿着声道被检测为失真信号。 失真的信号被输入到自适应发射机控制器，其基于检测到的信号修改稍后的传输以抵消发射机和声道的失真效应。 自适应发射机控制器优选地包括神经网络。 在距离发射机更远的点处可以采用另一个接收机来接收优化的信号。

公开(公告)号：US06490527B1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-03

申请号：US09613963

申请日：2000-07-11

Applicant: Walter K. Utt

Inventor： Walter K. Utt

IPC: G01V128

CPC classification number: G01V9/00 ,  E21B47/00 ,  E21B2041/0028 ,  E21C39/00 ,  E21F17/185

Abstract: A method and system for determining the relative strength and classification of rock strata in near real-time during drilling operations is provided for use in underground mines. Neural network technology is used to classify mine roof strata in terms of, for example, relative strength or strength index as the roof bolt hole is being drilled (i.e., in near real-time). Measurements taken while a layer of the rock strata is being drilled are used to compute the specific energy input and convert these data to suitably scaled features. A neural network is then used to classify the strength of the layer. The neural network can be trained using data of known rock strata classifications prior to using it to classify new measurements. The present system allows for detection of unsafe conditions within the rock strata being drilled, and allows appropriate warnings to be issued in near real-time so that appropriate actions can be taken.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种在钻井作业中近实时确定岩层的相对强度和分类方法和系统，用于地下矿井。 使用神经网络技术对矿顶层进行分类，例如相对强度或强度指数，因为屋顶螺栓孔正在进行钻孔（即近实时）。 在钻石层岩层时进行的测量用于计算比能量输入，并将这些数据转换为适当缩放的特征。 然后使用神经网络对层的强度进行分类。 可以使用已知岩层分类的数据来训练神经网络，然后再使用它来对新的测量进行分类。 本系统允许检测正在钻取的岩层中的不安全条件，并允许近乎实时地发出适当的警告，以便采取适当的措施。