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    Structure function monitor
    382.
    发明授权
    Structure function monitor 有权
    结构功能监控

    公开(公告)号：US08103045B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-01-24

    申请号：US11325635

    申请日：2006-01-04

    Applicant: John T. McGraw ,  Peter C. Zimmer ,  Mark R. Ackermann

    Inventor： John T. McGraw ,  Peter C. Zimmer ,  Mark R. Ackermann

    IPC: G06K9/00 ,  G06K9/36 ,  G01J1/20

    CPC classification number: G01W1/02

    Abstract: Methods and apparatus for a structure function monitor provide for generation of parameters characterizing a refractive medium. In an embodiment, a structure function monitor acquires images of a pupil plane and an image plane and, from these images, retrieves the phase over an aperture, unwraps the retrieved phase, and analyzes the unwrapped retrieved phase. In an embodiment, analysis yields atmospheric parameters measured at spatial scales from zero to the diameter of a telescope used to collect light from a source.

    Abstract translation: 用于结构功能监测器的方法和装置提供表征折射介质的参数的产生。 在一个实施例中，结构功能监视器获取瞳孔平面和图像平面的图像，并且从这些图像中检索孔径上的相位，展开所检索的相位，并分析展开的检索的相位。 在一个实施例中，分析产生在空间尺度上测量的大气参数，从零到用于收集来自光源的光的望远镜的直径。

    Method for multivariate analysis of confocal temporal image sequences for velocity estimation
    384.
    发明授权
    Method for multivariate analysis of confocal temporal image sequences for velocity estimation 有权
    用于速度估计的共焦时间图像序列的多变量分析方法

    公开(公告)号：US08045140B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-10-25

    申请号：US12288447

    申请日：2008-10-20

    Applicant: Kateryna Artyushkova ,  Mangesh Bore ,  Gabriel Lopez

    Inventor： Kateryna Artyushkova ,  Mangesh Bore ,  Gabriel Lopez

    IPC: G01P3/36

    CPC classification number: G06T7/20 ,  G06T2207/10056 ,  G06T2207/30004

    Abstract: A method of determining individual velocity associated with one or more molecular species moving through a fluid medium involves obtaining multiple temporal images of the one or more species moving through the medium, analyzing the temporal images using multivariate image analysis to obtain temporal profiles of principal components, and determining individual velocity of the one or more species using the temporal profiles. Multiple species can be identified using the one or more individual velocities or ratio thereof.

    Abstract translation: 确定与通过流体介质移动的一种或多种分子种类相关联的个体速度的方法涉及获得移动通过介质的一种或多种物质的多个时间图像，使用多变量图像分析分析时间图像以获得主成分的时间分布， 以及使用所述时间分布来确定所述一个或多个物种的个体速度。 可以使用一个或多个单独的速度或其比例来鉴定多个物种。

    SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR REDUCTION OF SPECKLE NOISE IN AN IMAGE
    385.
    发明申请
    SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR REDUCTION OF SPECKLE NOISE IN AN IMAGE 有权
    用于减少图像中的斑点噪声的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US20110229034A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-09-22

    申请号：US13118165

    申请日：2011-05-27

    Applicant: Ousseini Lankoande ,  Majeed Mayat ,  Balu Santhanam

    Inventor： Ousseini Lankoande ,  Majeed Mayat ,  Balu Santhanam

    IPC: G06K9/34

    CPC classification number: G06K9/0063 ,  G06K9/40 ,  G06K9/4638 ,  G06T5/002 ,  G06T2207/10132 ,  G06T2207/20012

    Abstract: The present invention includes methods for the reduction of speckle noise in an image and methods for segmenting an image. Each of the methods disclosed herein includes steps for analyzing the uniformity of a pixel within a plurality of pixels forming a portion of the image and, based on the uniformity of the intensity of the plurality of pixels, adjusting and/or replacing the pixel in order to produce a speckle-noise reduced image, a segmented image, or a segmented and speckle-noise reduced image. The methods of the present invention can employ for example conditional probability density functions, nonlinear estimator functions, convex energy functions and simulated annealing algorithms in the performance of their respective steps.

    Abstract translation: 本发明包括用于减少图像中的斑点噪声的方法和用于分割图像的方法。 本文公开的每种方法包括用于分析形成图像的一部分的多个像素内的像素的均匀性的步骤，并且基于多个像素的强度的均匀性，按顺序调整和/或替换像素 以产生斑点噪声缩小图像，分割图像或分割和斑点噪声缩小图像。 本发明的方法可以在其各自的步骤的执行中使用例如条件概率密度函数，非线性估计函数，凸能量函数和模拟退火算法。

    Eggbeater transparent cathode for magnetrons and ubitrons and related methods of generating high power microwaves
    386.
    发明授权
    Eggbeater transparent cathode for magnetrons and ubitrons and related methods of generating high power microwaves 有权
    用于磁控管和三棱镜的鸡蛋透明阴极和产生大功率微波的相关方法

    公开(公告)号：US07893621B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-02-22

    申请号：US12019140

    申请日：2008-01-24

    Applicant: Edl Schamiloglu ,  Mikhail I. Fuks ,  Herman L. Bosman ,  Sarita Prasad

    Inventor： Edl Schamiloglu ,  Mikhail I. Fuks ,  Herman L. Bosman ,  Sarita Prasad

    IPC: H01J25/50

    CPC classification number: H01J25/587 ,  H01J23/05

    Abstract: An “eggbeater” cathode comprising a transparent cathode including a plurality of longitudinally oriented cathode strips anchored at both ends between support discs and forming an open-walled hollow cylindrical structure. A cathode base is disposed substantially coaxially with a longitudinal axis of the transparent cathode and surrounded by the plurality of cathode strips, wherein the support discs secure the cathode strips to the cathode base and result in a cathode that is more robust in harsh operating environments compared with a simple transparent cathode.

    Abstract translation: 一种“打蛋器”阴极，其包括透明阴极，该透明阴极包括多个纵向取向的阴极条，其固定在支撑盘之间的两端并形成开放壁的中空圆柱形结构。 阴极基体与透明阴极的纵向轴线基本同轴地设置并被多个阴极条包围，其中支撑盘将阴极条固定到阴极基底，并导致阴极在恶劣的操作环境中比较坚固 具有简单的透明阴极。

    System and methods for measuring a skin protection factor
    387.
    发明授权
    System and methods for measuring a skin protection factor 有权
    用于测量皮肤保护因子的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US07888001B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-02-15

    申请号：US11827034

    申请日：2007-07-10

    Applicant: Graham S. Timmins

    Inventor： Graham S. Timmins

    IPC: A61K49/00 ,  G01N24/10 ,  C12M1/34 ,  C12Q1/02

    CPC classification number: A61K49/0008 ,  A61B5/0059 ,  A61B5/444 ,  A61B5/445 ,  G01R33/60

    Abstract: The present invention is a system and methods of establishing a Melanocyte Protection Factor (MPF), which indicates the level of protection against DNA damage to a target cell, such as the level of protection a particular sunscreen offers against UVA rays when compared to the unprotected case, i.e., no sunscreen. The present invention determines and records levels of stable melanin radicals (SMR) in a target cell. Light is applied to the target cell forming light-induced melanin radicals (LIR). The levels of SMR and intensity of LIR are measured to determine the amount of incident light reaching the target cell. Since LIR is proportional to the square root of light intensity reaching the target cell, the ratio of light reaching the target cell is defined as the MPF: MPF = UV ⁢ ⁢ reaching ⁢ ⁢ melanocyte without ⁢ ⁢ sunscreen UV ⁢ ⁢ reaching ⁢ ⁢ melanocyte with ⁢ ⁢ sunscreen = [ SMR + screen LIR + UV + screen ] 2 [ SMR control LIR ⁢ + UV ⁢ ⁢ control ] 2 .

    Abstract translation: 本发明是建立黑素细胞保护因子（MPF）的系统和方法，其指示针对靶细胞的DNA损伤的保护水平，例如特定防晒剂与未受保护的相比对UVA射线提供的保护水平 情况，即没有防晒霜。 本发明确定并记录靶细胞中稳定的黑色素自由基（SMR）的水平。 光被施加到形成光诱导的黑色素自由基（LIR）的靶细胞上。 测量LIR的SMR和强度的水平以确定到达靶细胞的入射光的量。 由于LIR与达到目标细胞的光强度的平方根成比例，所以到达目标细胞的光的比率被定义为MPF：MPF =紫外线到达暗黑素细胞而不具有防晒剂UV至达暗黑素细胞 （SMR控制LIR + UV控制）2 [SMR + LIR + UV +画面] 2。

    Method and apparatus for producing interferometric lithography patterns with circular symmetry
    389.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for producing interferometric lithography patterns with circular symmetry 有权
    用于生产具有圆形对称性的干涉光刻图案的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US07794904B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-09-14

    申请号：US11739551

    申请日：2007-04-24

    Applicant: Steven R. J. Brueck

    Inventor： Steven R. J. Brueck

    IPC: G03C5/00 ,  G02B5/30

    CPC classification number: G03F7/70408

    Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide optical systems and methods for producing interferometric lithography (IL) patterns with circular symmetry for applications such as memory devices including CD ROMs, DVDs, magnetic hard disk storage, and the like. Specifically, one or more axicon optics can be configured in the optical systems for IL patterning processes to form a uniform set of rings with constant increment in all directions in a developed photoresist. In an exemplary embodiment, the optical system can transform a first portion of a plane wave into a radial symmetric wave with a constant angle of incidence onto a photoresist plane of a wafer. This radial symmetric wave can then interfere with a second portion of the plane wave incident but with a different angle of incidence to produce a periodic spatially-varying intensity pattern with circular symmetry.

    Abstract translation: 示例性实施例提供了用于产生具有圆形对称性的干涉光刻（IL）图案的光学系统和方法，所述应用例如包括CD ROM，DVD，磁性硬盘存储器等的存储器件。 具体地说，可在光学系统中配置一个或多个轴向光学器件用于IL图案化工艺，以在显影的光致抗蚀剂中在所有方向上形成均匀增量的环。 在示例性实施例中，光学系统可以将平面波的第一部分转换成具有恒定入射角的径向对称波到晶片的光致抗蚀剂平面上。 然后，这个径向对称波可以干扰入射的平面波的第二部分，但具有不同的入射角，以产生具有圆形对称性的周期性空间变化的强度图。

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