Abstract:
Disclosed herein is a method of inducing the differentiation of leukemia cells derived from human bone marrow into megakaryocytes or thrombocytes, comprising the steps of: (a) culturing OP9 cells; (b) layering leukemia cells derived from human bone marrow over the OP9 cells; and (c) incubating the cells in the presence of a compound ((R)-NALPCE) represented by Chemical Formula 1.
Abstract:
A switching device and methods of making and operating the same are provided. In one aspect, a method of operating a switching device is provided that includes providing a MOS transistor that has a gate, a source region, a drain region and a body region. A bipolar transistor is provided that has a collector, a base and an emitter. The body region of the MOS transistor serves as the base of the bipolar transistor and the drain region of the MOS transistor serves as the collector of the bipolar transistor. Activation of the MOS transistor causes the bipolar transistor to turn on. The MOS transistor is activated to turn on the bipolar transistor and the bipolar transistor delivers current to the source region.
Abstract:
A dynamically-operating restoration circuit (106) is used to apply a voltage or current restore pulse signal to thyristor-based memory cells (108) and therein restore data in the cell using the internal positive feedback loop of the thyristor (110). In one example implementation, the internal positive feedback loop in the thyristor (110) is used to restore the conducting state of a device after the thyristor current drops below the holding current. A pulse and/or periodic waveform are defined and applied to ensure that the thyristor is not released from its conducting state. The time average of the periodic restore current in the thyristor may be lower than the holding current threshold. While not necessarily limited to memory cells that are thyristor-based, various embodiments of the invention have been found to be the particularly useful for high-speed, low-power memory cells in which a thin capacitively-coupled thyristor is used to provide a bi-stable storage element.
Abstract:
A semiconductor device includes a thyristor designed to reduce or eliminate manufacturing and operational difficulties commonly experienced in the formation and operation of NDR devices. According to one example embodiment of the present invention, the semiconductor substrate is trenched adjacent a doped or dopable substrate region, which is formed to include at least two vertically-adjacent thyristor regions of different polarity. A capacitively-coupled control port for the thyristor is coupled to at least one of the thyristor regions. The trench also includes a dielectric material for electrically insulating the vertically-adjacent thyristor regions. The thyristor is electrically connected to other circuitry in the device, such as a transistor, and used to form a device, such as a memory cell.
Abstract:
A semiconductor device having a thyristor-based memory device exhibits improved stability under adverse operating conditions related to temperature, noise, electrical disturbances and light. In one particular example embodiment of the present invention, a semiconductor device includes a thyristor-based memory device that uses a shunt between a base and emitter region in a thyristor that effects a leakage current in the thyristor. The thyristor includes a capacitively coupled control port and anode and cathode end portions. Each of the end portions has an emitter region and an adjacent base region, and the current shunt is located between the emitter and base region of one of the end portions of the thyristor. The current shunt is configured and arranged to shunt low-level current between the emitter region and the adjacent base region, and in doing so improves the ability of the device to operate under adverse conditions that would, absent the shunt, result in inadvertent turn on, while keeping the standby current of the memory device to an acceptably low level.
Abstract:
A light waveguide has a rectangular plate shape and is configured to totally reflect internal light arriving at an angle greater than a critical angle. Light emitting parts are disposed at corners of the light waveguide. Each of the light emitting parts emits light once in a period. A first light receiving part is disposed along a first side surface of the light waveguide, and receives light emitted from the light emitting parts adjacent to a second side surface facing the first side surface of the light waveguide. The second light receiving part is disposed along the second side surface of the light waveguide, and receives light emitted from the light emitting parts adjacent to the first side surface. A detecting part detects a touch position based on an amount of the light received by the first and second light receiving parts.
Abstract:
A switching device and methods of making and operating the same are provided. In one aspect, a method of operating a switching device is provided that includes providing a MOS transistor that has a gate, a source region, a drain region and a body region. A bipolar transistor is provided that has a collector, a base and an emitter. The body region of the MOS transistor serves as the base of the bipolar transistor and the drain region of the MOS transistor serves as the collector of the bipolar transistor. Activation of the MOS transistor causes the bipolar transistor to turn on. The MOS transistor is activated to turn on the bipolar transistor and the bipolar transistor delivers current to the source region.
Abstract:
A light waveguide has a rectangular plate shape and is configured to totally reflect internal light arriving at an angle greater than a critical angle. Light emitting parts are disposed at corners of the light waveguide. Each of the light emitting parts emits light once in a period. A first light receiving part is disposed along a first side surface of the light waveguide, and receives light emitted from the light emitting parts adjacent to a second side surface facing the first side surface of the light waveguide. The second light receiving part is disposed along the second side surface of the light waveguide, and receives light emitted from the light emitting parts adjacent to the first side surface. A detecting part detects a touch position based on an amount of the light received by the first and second light receiving parts.
Abstract:
A semiconductor memory cell is provided that includes a trench capacitor and an access transistor. The access transistor comprises a source region, a drain region, a gate structure overlying the trench capacitor, and an active body region that couples the drain region to the source region. The active body region directly contacts the trench capacitor.
Abstract:
In a method of fabricating a semiconductor memory device, a thyristor may be formed in a layer of semiconductor material. Carbon may be implanted and annealed in a base-emitter junction region for the thyristor to affect leakage characteristics. The density of the carbon and/or a bombardment energy and/or an anneal therefore may be selected to establish a low-voltage, leakage characteristic for the junction substantially greater than its leakage absent the carbon. In one embodiment, an anneal of the implanted carbon may be performed in common with an activation for other implant regions the semiconductor device.