公开(公告)号：US06420816B2

公开(公告)日：2002-07-16

申请号：US09730556

申请日：2000-12-07

申请人： Igor Getman ,  Sergej Lopatin ,  Alexander Hardell

发明人： Igor Getman ,  Sergej Lopatin ,  Alexander Hardell

IPC分类号： H01L4108

CPC分类号： G10K11/36 ,  H03H9/02228

摘要： In order to excite Lamb waves in a plate or container wall, an IDT transducer (interdigital transducer) is employed. The IDT comprises a layer composed of piezoelectric material, and on one of whose surfaces two electrodes which engage in one another like fingers are applied. The IDT is acoustically coupled to the plate or container wall by means of the surface facing away from the electrodes. If a radio-frequency AC voltage is applied to the connections of the electrodes, then a thickness vibration is initiated in the piezoelectric layer. If the speed of propagation or speed of sound of the longitudinal waves which result in this thickness vibration in the piezoelectric layer is matched to the phase velocity with which a s0 mode Lamb wave propagates in the material of the plate or of the container wall then only s0 mode Lamb waves are initiated by the resonance effect in the plate or container wall, by virtue of the acoustic coupling between the piezoelectric layer and the plate or container wall. The matching process can be carried out by selecting the distance (D) between the fingers of the electrodes such that this distance (D) is equal to half the wavelength &lgr;/2 of the thickness vibration to be initiated in the piezoelectric layer.

摘要翻译： 为了在板或容器壁中激发兰姆波，采用IDT换能器（叉指换能器）。 IDT包括由压电材料组成的层，并且在其一个表面上施加两个彼此接合的手指的电极。 IDT通过远离电极的表面声学耦合到板或容器壁。 如果对电极的连接施加射频AC电压，则在压电层中开始厚度振动。 如果压电层中导致厚度振动的纵波的传播速度或声速与S0模式兰姆波在板材或容器壁材料中传播的相速度相匹配 s0模式由于压电层和板或容器壁之间的声耦合，兰姆波由板或容器壁中的共振效应引发。 可以通过选择电极的指状物之间的距离（D）使得该距离（D）等于在压电层中引发的厚度振动的波长lambd / 2的一半来进行匹配处理。

公开(公告)号：US06352000B1

公开(公告)日：2002-03-05

申请号：US09371324

申请日：1999-08-10

申请人： Igor Getman ,  Sergej Lopatin ,  Tanja Stöcklin ,  Frank Ohle ,  Roger Kerrom

发明人： Igor Getman ,  Sergej Lopatin ,  Tanja Stöcklin ,  Frank Ohle ,  Roger Kerrom

IPC分类号： G01F132

CPC分类号： G01F1/3263

摘要： The piezoelectric vortex sensing element (3, 3′, 3″, 3+) of this vortex flow sensor (1) can be assembled from individual components in a simple manner; if its piezoelectric element (34, 34′, 34″, 34*, 34+, 34++) should be faulty, it can be easily replaced. Also, the vortex sensing element can be made largely insensitive to vibrations acting from outside. The vortex flow sensor (1) serves to measure the flow velocity and/or the volumetric flow rate of a fluid flowing through a measuring tube (2). A bluff body (4) generating Kármán vortices is disposed along a diameter of the measuring tube and fixed to the measuring tube at at least one fixing point (41). The vortex sensing element responds to vortex-induced pressure fluctuations and either is installed in a wall (22) of the measuring tube down-stream of the bluff body in a tight manner or extends into a main bore (46) extending through the measuring tube into the bluff body. A diaphragm (33, 33″, 33+) covers the main bore (46) or the wall bore (22). At the surface (331) of the diaphragm facing toward the fluid, a sensor vane (31, 31″, 31+) or a sensor sleeve (31′, 31*) is fixed. The piezoelectric element is mechanically coupled to the surface (332) of the diaphragm remote from the fluid.

摘要翻译： 该涡流流量传感器（1）的压电涡流检测元件（3,3'，3“，3+）可以以简单的方式从各个部件组装; 如果其压电元件（34,34'，34“，34 *，34+，34 ++）应该有故障，则可以方便地更换。 此外，涡流感测元件可以对从外部作用的振动很大程度上不敏感。 涡流流量传感器（1）用于测量流过测量管（2）的流体的流速和/或体积流量。 产生卡尔曼涡流的非流线体（4）沿着测量管的直径设置并且在至少一个固定点（41）处固定到测量管。 涡流感测元件响应于涡流引起的压力波动，或者以紧密方式安装在非流线形体的下游的测量管的壁（22）中，或者延伸到延伸穿过测量管的主孔（46） 进入虚张声势的身体。 隔膜（33,33“，33+）覆盖主孔（46）或壁孔（22）。 在隔膜的面向流体的表面（331）处，传感器叶片（31,31“，31+）或传感器套筒（31'，31 *）被固定。 压电元件机械耦合到远离流体的隔膜的表面（332）。

公开(公告)号：US5844491A

公开(公告)日：1998-12-01

申请号：US59139

申请日：1998-04-13

申请人： Igor Getman ,  Sergej Lopatin

发明人： Igor Getman ,  Sergej Lopatin

IPC分类号： G01F23/296 ,  G08B21/00

CPC分类号： G01F23/2967

摘要： An apparatus for establishing and/or monitoring a predetermined filling level in a container is provided, in which a reception signal (E) is equal to the measurement signal, and in which a fixed phase difference (.DELTA..phi..sub.R), which is independent of the oscillation quality of the apparatus, exists between a first transmission signal (S.sub.1), and a reception signal (E) at a resonant frequency (f.sub.r). The apparatus comprises a mechanical oscillatory structure (1) and a piezoelectric element (2), which has a first region (I) having a reception electrode (21), a second region (II) having a first transmission electrode (22) and a third region (III) having a second transmission electrode (23), the two transmission electrodes (22, 23) having an identical form and being arranged symmetrically with respect to one another and to the reception electrode (21), in the first and in the second region (I, II), the piezoelectric element having a polarization which is in the opposite direction to a polarization of the third region (III), and a first transmission signal (S.sub.1) being applied to the first transmission electrode (22), which first transmission signal has the same amplitude as and is in antiphase with a second transmission signal (S.sub.2), which is applied to the second transmission electrode (23).

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于建立和/或监视容器中的预定填充水平的装置，其中接收信号（E）等于测量信号，其中固定相位差（DELTA phi R）独立于 设备的振荡质量存在于第一传输信号（S1）和谐振频率（fr）的接收信号（E）之间。 该设备包括机械振荡结构（1）和压电元件（2），其具有具有接收电极（21）的第一区域（I），具有第一传输电极（22）的第二区域（II）和 具有第二透射电极（23）的第三区域（III），两个发射电极（22,23）具有相同的形状并相对于彼此对称地布置到接收电极（21），在第一和第二区域 所述第二区域（I，II），所述压电元件具有与所述第三区域（III）的偏振方向相反的方向的偏振光，以及施加到所述第一透射电极（22）的第一透射信号（S1） 该第一发送信号具有与施加到第二发送电极（23）的第二发送信号（S2）相同的振幅和相位的相位。

公开(公告)号：US5836192A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-17

申请号：US733099

申请日：1996-10-16

申请人： Igor Getman ,  Sergej Lopatin ,  Roland Muller

发明人： Igor Getman ,  Sergej Lopatin ,  Roland Muller

IPC分类号： G01F23/28 ,  B06B1/06 ,  G01F23/296

CPC分类号： G01F23/2968 ,  B06B1/06 ,  G01F23/2965 ,  Y10S367/908

摘要： For monitoring a predetermined level of a liquid in a container an ultrasonic transducer is fitted on the outer surface of the container wall at a measurement point situated at the height of the level to be monitored. The ultrasonic transducer contains a piezoelectric element which generates, when excited by an alternating voltage pulse having a given transmission frequency, an ultrasonic transmission pulse which is transferred via a diaphragm to the container wall and which converts ultrasonic vibrations transferred from the container wall to the ultrasonic transducer into electrical reception signals. So that the piezoelectric element for given dimensions can be operated in a large frequency range, and so that a good adaptation to the diaphragm is achieved, the piezoelectric element consists of a porous piezoelectric ceramic having a type 3--3 connectivity.

摘要翻译： 为了监测容器中液体的预定水平，超声换能器在位于待监测水平高度的测量点处装配在容器壁的外表面上。 超声波换能器包含一个压电元件，当被具有给定透射频率的交流电压脉冲激发时，产生一个超声波发射脉冲，该超声波发射脉冲通过隔膜传送到容器壁上，并将从容器壁传递的超声振动转换成超声波 传感器转换为电接收信号。 因此，用于给定尺寸的压电元件可以在大的频率范围内操作，并且实现了对膜片的良好适应性，压电元件由具有3-3型连接性的多孔压电陶瓷组成。

公开(公告)号：US5730025A

公开(公告)日：1998-03-24

申请号：US730944

申请日：1996-10-16

申请人： Igor Getman ,  Sergej Lopatin ,  Roland Muller

发明人： Igor Getman ,  Sergej Lopatin ,  Roland Muller

IPC分类号： G01F23/28 ,  G01F23/296 ,  G01F1/72

CPC分类号： G01F23/2968 ,  G01F23/2965 ,  Y10S367/908

摘要： For monitoring a predetermined level of a liquid in a container an ultrasonic transducer is fitted on the outer surface of the container wall at a measurement point situated at the height of the level to be monitored. The ultrasonic transducer contains a piezoelectric element which generates, when excited by an alternating voltage pulse having a given transmission frequency, an ultrasonic transmission pulse which is transferred via a diaphragm to the container wall and which converts ultrasonic vibrations transferred from the container wall to the ultrasonic transducer into electrical reception signals. The diaphragm comprises on the side facing the container wall protuberances which adjoin the container wall. Between the diaphragm and the container wall a coupling layer is arranged, the thickness of which is determined by the height of the protuberances. As a result of this the formation of a layer of air between the diaphragm and the container wall is prevented and a jump in impedance avoided so that a good acoustical coupling exists between the diapragm and the container wall.

摘要翻译： 为了监测容器中液体的预定水平，超声换能器在位于待监测水平高度的测量点处装配在容器壁的外表面上。 超声波换能器包含一个压电元件，当被具有给定透射频率的交流电压脉冲激发时，产生一个超声波发射脉冲，该超声波发射脉冲通过隔膜传送到容器壁上，并将从容器壁传递的超声振动转换成超声波 传感器转换为电接收信号。 隔膜包括在与容器壁相邻的容器壁突起的一侧上。 在隔膜和容器壁之间布置有耦合层，其厚度由突起的高度决定。 因此，防止在隔膜和容器壁之间形成空气层，避免了阻抗的跳跃，从而在二极管和容器壁之间存在良好的声耦合。

公开(公告)号：US08304844B2

公开(公告)日：2012-11-06

申请号：US12734545

申请日：2008-11-07

申请人： Igor Getman ,  Dieter Stolze ,  Anh Tuan Tham

发明人： Igor Getman ,  Dieter Stolze ,  Anh Tuan Tham

IPC分类号： H01L27/14 ,  H01L29/84

CPC分类号： G01L19/147

摘要： A pressure measuring device having a pedestal, an intermediate piece of semiconductor arranged on the pedestal and, connected with the pedestal and arranged on the intermediate piece and connected with the intermediate piece, a semiconductor pressure sensor having a support and a measuring membrane, or diaphragm. The pressure measuring device offers reliable protection of the sensitive measuring membrane, or diaphragm, against mechanical distortions. Provided extending in the interior of the intermediate piece is an annular cavity, which surrounds a first cylindrical section and, pedestal end thereof, a second cylindrical section of the intermediate piece. The second cylindrical section has a greater outer diameter than the first cylindrical section. The cavity is open on an end of the intermediate piece toward the pedestal. The second cylindrical section has an end face facing the pedestal and lying on an end face of the pedestal, for forming a connecting area, via which the intermediate piece is mechanically connected with the pedestal.

摘要翻译： 一种具有基座的压力测量装置，布置在基座上的中间片半导体，并与基座连接并布置在中间件上并与中间件连接，具有支撑件和测量膜或隔膜的半导体压力传感器 。 压力测量装置提供对敏感测量膜或隔膜的可靠保护，防止机械扭曲。 提供在中间件的内部延伸的是环形空腔，其环绕第一圆柱形部分及其基座端部，中间件的第二圆柱形部分。 第二圆柱形部分具有比第一圆柱形部分更大的外径。 空腔在中间件的端部朝向底座打开。 第二圆柱形部分具有面向基座的端面并且位于基座的端面上，用于形成连接区域，中间件通过该连接区域与基座机械连接。

公开(公告)号：US08117910B2

公开(公告)日：2012-02-21

申请号：US12084114

申请日：2006-10-17

申请人： Igor Getman

发明人： Igor Getman

IPC分类号： G01F23/26

CPC分类号： G01F23/266 ,  G01F25/0061

摘要： An apparatus for capacitive determining and/or monitoring of fill level of a medium in a container. The apparatus includes: A probe unit; a control unit, which supplies the probe unit with a drive signal; and an evaluating unit, which receives a response signal from the probe unit and which determines from the response signal a statement concerning fill level. Stored in the evaluating unit are at least a first and a second formula or a first and a second evaluating algorithm; and, in case accretion lies below a predetermined limit value, the evaluating unit determines the statement concerning fill level via a first formula and, in case accretion lies above the predetermined limit value, the evaluating unit determines the statement concerning fill level via a second formula.

摘要翻译： 一种用于电容性确定和/或监测容器中的介质的填充水平的装置。 该装置包括：探针单元; 控制单元，其向探针单元提供驱动信号; 以及评估单元，其从所述探测单元接收响应信号，并且根据所述响应信号确定关于填充水平的声明。 存储在评估单元中的至少是第一和第二公式或第一和第二评估算法; 并且如果积存低于预定极限值，评估单元经由第一公式确定关于填充水平的说明，并且如果积存高于预定极限值，则评估单元经由第二公式确定关于填充水平的说明 。

公开(公告)号：US07150197B2

公开(公告)日：2006-12-19

申请号：US10518546

申请日：2003-07-01

申请人： Frank Hegner ,  Ulfert Drewes ,  Igor Getman

发明人： Frank Hegner ,  Ulfert Drewes ,  Igor Getman

IPC分类号： G01L9/12

CPC分类号： G01L19/02 ,  G01L9/0075

摘要： For minimizing the span error of a pressure sensor having an essentially cylindrical platform and a measuring membrane joined to an end face of the platform, wherein the pressure measuring cell is axially clamped between an elastic sealing ring, which bears against the membrane-containing, end face of the pressure measuring cell, and a support ring, which supports the measuring cell on the rear side thereof, the dimensions of the support ring are matched to the dimensions of the sealing ring and the pressure measuring cell in such a way that a radial deformation of the membrane-containing end face resulting from the axial clamping of the pressure measuring cell is sufficiently small that the span error of the pressure sensor because of a reduction of the axial clamping force by a least 10% amounts to not more than 0.02%. The geometry of the support ring is determined iteratively by means of the FEM.

公开(公告)号：US5815079A

公开(公告)日：1998-09-29

申请号：US641560

申请日：1996-05-01

申请人： Igor Getman ,  Sergej Lopatin

发明人： Igor Getman ,  Sergej Lopatin

IPC分类号： G01F23/22 ,  G01F23/296 ,  G08B21/00

CPC分类号： G01F23/2965 ,  G01F23/2967

摘要： A description is given of a sturdy device for establishing and/or monitoring a predetermined filling level in a container, which device exhibits a housing (1), two oscillating rods (3, 4) projecting into the container, a first diaphragm (2) which is fixedly clamped, at its border, into the housing (1), a second diaphragm (6, 6') which is arranged parallel to said first diaphragm in the interior of the housing (1), a piezoelectric element (7, 7') which is arranged on the second diaphragm (6, 6') and is intended for receiving and converting oscillations into an electric output signal and for inducing bending oscillations in the second diaphragm (6, 6'), and in the case of which device the mode of oscillation produced by the piezoelectric element (7, 7') corresponds to the mode of oscillation utilized for inducing oscillation in the oscillating rods (3, 4).

摘要翻译： 给出了用于建立和/或监测容器中的预定填充水平的坚固装置的描述，该装置具有壳体（1），突出到容器中的两个摆动杆（3,4），第一隔膜（2） 其在其边界处被固定地夹紧到壳体（1）中，在壳体（1）的内部平行于所述第一隔膜布置的​​第二隔膜（6,6'），压电元件（7,7） '），其布置在第二隔膜（6,6'）上，用于接收和转换振荡为电输出信号并且用于引起第二隔膜（6,6'）中的弯曲振荡，并且在其中 装置由压电元件（7,7'）产生的振荡模式对应于用于在振荡杆（3,4）中引起振荡的振荡模式。

公开(公告)号：US5757104A

公开(公告)日：1998-05-26

申请号：US906130

申请日：1997-08-05

申请人： Igor Getman ,  Sergey Lopatin

发明人： Igor Getman ,  Sergey Lopatin

IPC分类号： H04R1/24 ,  B06B1/02 ,  B06B1/06 ,  H03H9/13 ,  H03H9/145 ,  H03H9/54 ,  H04R3/00 ,  H04R17/00 ,  H01L41/08

CPC分类号： B06B1/0662 ,  B06B1/0207 ,  B06B1/0692 ,  H03H9/132 ,  H03H9/545

摘要： An ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer is alternatingly operated in a transmitting mode and in a receiving mode. In the transmitting mode an electrical excitation signal is applied between one or more common electrodes and one or more transmission electrodes, and in the receiving mode an electrical reception signal is collected between the one or more common electrodes and one or more reception electrodes. Moreover, in the receiving mode one or more electrodes which are not used as reception electrodes are connected via a low impedance connection with the one or more common electrodes which has the effect that in the receiving mode the resonance frequencies of the piezoelectric transducer are shifted to lower values so that with the same operating frequency the piezolectric transducer is in series resonance in the transmitting mode and in parallel resonance in the receiving mode. In this way, the piezoelectric transducer operates under optimum conditions with perfect frequency matching both for transmission and for reception.

摘要翻译： 超声波压电换能器在发射模式和接收模式下交替地操作。 在发送模式中，电激励信号施加在一个或多个公共电极和一个或多个发送电极之间，并且在接收模式中，在一个或多个公共电极和一个或多个接收电极之间收集电接收信号。 此外，在接收模式中，未被用作接收电极的一个或多个电极通过与一个或多个公共电极的低阻抗连接而连接，这些公共电极具有以下效果：在接收模式中，压电换能器的谐振频率转移到 较低的值使得在相同的工作频率下，压电换能器在发射模式下处于串联谐振，在接收模式下处于并联谐振。 以这种方式，压电换能器在最佳条件下工作，具有完美的频率匹配以用于传输和接收。