Abstract:
A process using a three-piece mold for making a three-dimensionally shaped glass article having a flat area and a curved/bend area is disclosed. The process includes placing a glass sheet on a mold having a shaping surface with a desired surface profile for the shaped glass article including a flat area and a bend area, moving a flat area plunger toward the glass sheet to compress the glass sheet, heating a portion of the glass sheet corresponding to an area above the bend area of the mold to a temperature above a forming temperature, and moving a bend area plunger toward the heated glass sheet to compress the heated glass sheet. A temperature of the glass sheet in the area above the bend area of the mold is higher than a temperature of the glass sheet in the area above the flat area of the mold when compressing the heated glass sheet with the bend area plunger.
Abstract:
A method of forming glass ceramic articles. The articles, in some embodiments, have a three dimensional shape. A fit mixture containing the glass ceramic in fit form and a glass fit are dispersed, in some embodiments, in a vehicle to create a slurry, which is then formed into a desired shape to make a green body. Forming may be accomplished by injection molding sinter forging, casting, casting and pressing, isostatically pressing, or the like. The green body is then fired at a high temperature to burn off the binder and fuse the glass ceramic and glass fit into a solid glass ceramic body. In some embodiments, the glass ceramic powder and glass fit material may be ion exchanged to achieve surface layers having high compressive stress, resulting in high damage resistance of the article.
Abstract:
A glass sheet is formed on a mold into a glass article having a three-dimensional shape. The mold, with the glass article thereon, is arranged within an interior space of a radiation shield such that the mold is between a leading end barrier and a trailing end barrier of the radiation shield. The mold, glass article, and radiation shield are translated through a sequence of cooling stations while maintaining the mold between the leading and trailing end barriers, wherein the leading and trailing end barriers inhibit radiation heat transfer at leading and trailing ends of the mold.
Abstract:
Methods of manufacturing a glass-based article includes exposing a glass-based substrate having a lithium aluminosilicate composition to an ion exchange treatment to form the glass-based article. The ion exchange treatment including a molten salt bath having a concentration of a sodium salt in a range from 8 mol % to 100 mol %. The glass-based article includes sodium having a non-zero varying concentration extending from a surface of the glass-based article to a depth of the glass-based article The glass-based article has compressive stress layer extending from the surface to a spike depth of layer from 4 micrometers to 8 micrometers. The glass-based article includes a molar ratio of potassium oxide (K2O) to sodium oxide (Na2O) averaged over a distance from the surface to a depth of 0.4 micrometers that is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.8.
Abstract:
Methods of manufacturing a glass-based article includes exposing a glass-based substrate having a lithium aluminosilicate composition to an ion exchange treatment to form the glass-based article. The ion exchange treatment including a molten salt bath having a concentration of a sodium salt in a range from 8 mol % to 100 mol %. The glass-based article includes sodium having a non-zero varying concentration extending from a surface of the glass-based article to a depth of the glass-based article The glass-based article has compressive stress layer extending from the surface to a spike depth of layer from 4 micrometers to 8 micrometers. The glass-based article includes a molar ratio of potassium oxide (K2O) to sodium oxide (Na2O) averaged over a distance from the surface to a depth of 0.4 micrometers that is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.8.
Abstract:
A transparent article is described herein that includes: a substrate comprising an opposing first and second primary surface; and an optical film structure disposed on the first primary surface. The optical film structure comprises a scratch-resistant layer, a plurality of alternating high refractive index (RI) and low RI layers, and an outer and inner structure, the scratch-resistant layer disposed between the outer and inner structures. The outer structure can comprise at least one medium RI layer in contact with one of the high RI layers and the scratch-resistant layer. The medium RI layer comprises an RI from 1.55 to 1.80, each of the high RI layers comprises an RI of >1.80, and each of the low RI layers comprises an RI
Abstract:
A transparent article is described herein that includes: a glass-ceramic substrate comprising first and second primary surfaces opposing one another and a crystallinity of at least 40% by weight; and an optical film structure disposed on the first primary surface. The optical film structure comprises a plurality of alternating high refractive index (RI) and low RI layers and a scratch-resistant layer. The article also exhibits an average photopic transmittance of greater than 80% and a maximum hardness of greater than 10 GPa, as measured by a Berkovich Hardness Test over an indentation depth range from about 100 nm to about 500 nm. The glass-ceramic substrate comprises an elastic modulus of greater than 85 GPa and a fracture toughness of greater than 0.8 MPa·√m. Further, the optical film structure exhibits a residual compressive stress of ≥ 700 MPa and an elastic modulus of ≥140 GPa.
Abstract:
Ion-exchanged glass ceramic articles described herein have a stress that decreases with increasing distance according to a substantially linear function from a depth of about 0.07 t to a depth of about 0.26 t from the outer surface of the ion-exchanged glass ceramic article from a compressive stress to a tensile stress. The stress transitions from the compressive stress to the tensile stress at a depth of from about 0.18 t to about 0.25 t from the outer surface of the ion-exchanged glass ceramic article. An absolute value of a maximum compressive stress at the outer surface of the ion-exchanged glass article is from 1.8 to 2.2 times an absolute value of a maximum central tension (CT) of the ion-exchanged glass article, and the glass ceramic article has a fracture toughness of 1 MPa√m or more as measured according to the double cantilever beam method.
Abstract:
A glass ceramic article including a lithium disilicate crystalline phase, a petalite crystalline phased, and a residual glass phase. The glass ceramic article has a warp (μm) 0.91×10(2-0.03t) of electromagnetic radiation wavelengths from 450 nm to 800 nm, where t is the thickness of the glass ceramic article in mm.