摘要:
A method for making a composite polyamide membrane including a porous support and a thin film polyamide layer, wherein the method includes: (i) applying a polar solution comprising a polyfunctional amine monomer and a non-polar solution comprising a polyfunctional acyl halide monomer to a surface of a porous support and interfacially polymerizing the monomers to form a thin film polyamide layer; (ii) treating the thin film polyamide layer with a polyfunctional arene compound; and (iii) exposing the thin film polyamide layer to nitrous acid; wherein the polar and non-polar solutions further comprises at least one of the following: (A) at least one of the solutions further comprises a tri-hydrocarbyl phosphate compound represented by Formula (I): and (B) the non-polar solution further comprises an acid-containing monomer comprising a C2-C20 hydrocarbon moiety substituted with at least one carboxylic acid functional group or salt thereof and at least one amine-reactive functional group.
摘要:
A thin film composite membrane including a porous support and a thin film polyamide layer characterized by having a dissociated carboxylate content of at least 0.45 moles/kg at pH 9.5 and a method for making a composite polyamide applying a polar solution comprising a polyfunctional amine monomer and a non-polar solution comprising a polyfunctional amine-reactive monomer to a surface of the porous support and interfacially polymerizing the monomers to form a thin film polyamide layer, wherein the method is characterized by the non-polar solution comprising at least 0.025 wt % of an acid compound including at least one carboxylic acid moiety and at least one amine-reactive moiety selected from acyl halide and anhydride.
摘要:
A method for treating a NaCl containing aqueous mixture comprising at least 2 ppm of anionic nano particles comprising the step of passing the mixture through a spiral wound element to produce a permeate stream and concentrate stream wherein the concentrate stream has a relatively higher concentration of nano particles than the permeate stream, wherein the spiral wound element includes a composite polyamide membrane comprising a porous support and a thin film polyamide layer, and wherein the membrane is characterized by having: i) a NaCl rejection and a nano particle rejection of at least 99% when tested with an aqueous solution containing 2000 ppm NaCl and 2 ppm anionic nano particles at 25 C, pH 8 and 1 mPa (150 psi); and ii) a dissociated carboxylate content of at least 0.3 moles/kg of polyamide at pH 9.5 as measured by Rutherford Backscattering (RBS).
摘要:
A method for making a composite polyamide membrane comprising a porous support and a polyamide layer, including the steps of: i) applying a polar solution including a polyfunctional amine monomer and a non-polar solution including a polyfunctional acyl halide monomer to a surface of a porous support and interfacially polymerizing the monomers to form a polyamide layer; ii) applying a dihydroxyaryl compound to the polyamide layer, wherein the dihydroxyaryl compound is represented by: formula wherein D, D′, D″ and D′″ are independently selected from: alkyl, alkoxy, hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl and amine, and L is a linking group; and iii) exposing the thin film polyamide layer to nitrous acid.
摘要:
A method for making a composite polyamide membrane comprising a porous support and a thin film polyamide layer, wherein the method includes: i) applying a polar solution comprising a polyfunctional amine monomer, and a non-polar solution comprising a polyfunctional acyl halide monomer to a surface of a porous support and interfacially polymerizing the monomers to form a thin film polyamide layer, wherein the non-polar solution further comprises at least 50 vol % of a C5 to C20 aliphatic hydrocarbon and from 2 to 25 vol % of benzene or benzene substituted with one or more C1 to C6 alkyl groups; and ii) applying an aqueous solution of nitrous acid to the thin film polyamide layer.
摘要:
An in-situ method for preparing a hydrolyzed, acyl halide-containing compound by combining a reactant including a plurality of acyl halide functional groups containing reactant, a tri-hydrocarbyl phosphate compound and water within a hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon solvent.
摘要:
Provided are polyhydroxy-diamine compounds of the formula I: or salt thereof, wherein R1, R2, and R3 are as defined herein. The compounds are useful as low additives for paints, coatings and epoxy formulations.
摘要:
A thin film composite polyamide membrane comprising a porous support and a thin film polyamide layer characterized by possessing: i) an azo (—N═N—) content of from 0.40% to 1.00%, as measured by pyrolysis gas chromatography; and ii) a dissociated carboxylate content of at least 0.40 mol/kg as measured by RBS at pH 9.5.
摘要:
A method for making a composite polyamide membrane comprising a porous support and a polyamide layer, including the steps of: i) applying a polar solution comprising of polyfunctional amine monomer and a non-polar solution comprising a polyfunctional acyl halide monomer to a surface of a porous support and interfacially polymerizing the monomers to form a polyamide layer; and ii) exposing the thin film polyamide layer to nitrous acid; wherein the method is characterized by at least one of: conducting the interfacial polymerization of step i) in the presence of a subject amine-reactive compound, or applying a subject amine-reactive compound to the interfacially polymerized polyamide layer prior to step ii), wherein the subject amine-reactive compound is different from the polyfunctional acyl halide and polyfunctional amine monomers and is represented by the following formula:
摘要:
A method for forming a dispersible nonwoven substrate in an aqueous medium comprising, consisting of, or consisting essentially of contacting a fibrous substrate with an aqueous nonwoven binder comprising an emulsion polymer having a polydispersity index of at least 10, a weight average molecular weight of less than 1,000,000 and from 8 weight percent to 22 weight percent acid monomer, based on the weight of the emulsion polymer, is disclosed. The aqueous nonwoven binder can be prepared by a method comprising the steps of: a) emulsion polymerizing at least one mono-ethylenically unsaturated monomer and at least one acid monomer in an aqueous solution using an initiator wherein the initiator is present in the aqueous solution in an amount in the range of from 0.5 weight percent to 1.5 weight percent, based on the total weight of the monomers, to form the emulsion polymer; and b) neutralizing the emulsion polymer with a neutralizer selected from the group consisting of an amine having a pKb of 4 to 7, an alkali hydroxide, and combinations thereof to form the aqueous nonwoven binder. The dispersible nonwoven substrates can be used to produce dispersible wipes, such as baby wipes, personal care wipes, cleaning wipes, or any other wet nonwoven containing lotion having a pH of below 5 or 6.