摘要:
A circuit includes a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), which includes a voltage input node having an input voltage; and a start-up circuit. The start-up circuit includes a first current path and a second current path. The first current path has a first current and is configured so that the first current increases in response to a decrease in the input voltage and decreases in response to an increase in the input voltage. The second current path has a second current and is configured so that the second current decreases in response to the decrease in the input voltage and decreases in response to the increase in the input voltage. The VCO further includes a third current path combining a first proportion of the first current and a second proportion of the second current into a combined current; and a current-controlled oscillator (CCO) including an input receiving the combined current and outputting an AC signal.
摘要:
A method for manufacturing a thin film transistor (TFT) array substrate needs only or even less than six mask processes for manufacturing the TFT array substrate integrated with a color filter pattern. Therefore, the manufacturing method is simpler and the manufacturing cost is reduced. In addition, the manufacturing method needs not to form a contact window in a relative thick film layer such as a planarization layer or a color filter layer, so as to connect the pixel electrode to the source/drain. Thus, the difficulty of the manufacturing process is effectively reduced.
摘要:
A non-volatile memory includes a substrate, a plurality of data storage elements positioned on the substrate, a plurality of control gates positioned above the data storage elements, an insulating layer positioned on surfaces and sidewalls of the control gates, and a bit-line positioned on the insulating layer to cross the control gates.
摘要:
A dual-interface converter of a miniature memory card has a cartridge compatible with a standard memory card, a memory card interface together with a product interface formed on the cartridge, and a slot defined in the cartridge so that the miniature card is inserted to the cartridge through the slot. In one aspect of using the converter, a card reader is able to read or write data in the miniature memory card through the memory card interface. In another aspect, an electronic device is able to access data of the miniature memory card by connecting the product interface to a corresponding communication port of the electronic device. Further, the converter can serve as a portable storage media by incorporating a memory module.
摘要:
The invention provides a signal coupling circuit and method for coupling an analog input signal to a processing circuit. The signal coupling circuit includes a number of first coupling units, a second coupling unit and a first multiplexer. The first coupling units are coupled to a first input terminal of the processing circuit, for respectively receiving a plurality of input signals. The first multiplexer is coupled between the first coupling units and the processing circuit for selecting one of the input signals and transmitting the selected input signal to the processing circuit. The second coupling unit is coupled to a second input terminal of the processing circuit, for receiving a common reference signal, wherein the processing circuit uses the common reference signal as reference for processing some or all of the input signals.
摘要:
A scooter includes two pedal assemblies pivotably connected to a head tube through which a steering rod extends. A handlebar and a front wheel are, respectively, connected to two ends of the steering rod. Each of the two pedal assemblies has a rear wheel assembly which is pivotably connected to an end of the pedal assembly. A spring has one end fixed to the pedal assembly and the other end of the spring is connected to the rear wheel assembly. The user operates the two pedal assemblies outward and inward in sequence to move the scooter forward. The two rear wheel assemblies are pivoted when the pedal assemblies are operated.
摘要:
A scooter includes two pedal assemblies pivotably connected to a head tube through which a steering rod extends. A handlebar and a front wheel are respectively connected to two ends of the steering rod. Each of the two pedal assemblies has a rear wheel assembly which is pivotably connected to an end of the pedal assembly. A spring has one end fixed to the pedal assembly and the other end of the spring is connected to the rear wheel assembly. The player operates the two pedal assemblies outward and inward in sequence to move the scooter forward. The two rear wheel assemblies are pivoted during the pedal assemblies are operated.
摘要:
A liquid crystal display device that comprises a panel, a timing controller for providing control signals to the panel, a video chip for receiving video signals and providing decoded video signals to the panel, a phase lock loop for providing a reference clock frequency, and a source driver for receiving the control signals and video signals to drive the panel, wherein the timing controller, the video chip and the phase lock loop are incorporated into the source driver in an integrated circuit.
摘要:
The present invention provides a monitoring method for monitoring a semiconductor wafer, in a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process. The CMP process is used to polish a dielectric layer of the semiconductor. The monitoring method comprises: 1. exposing the dielectric layer of the semiconductor wafer to an input light beam of fixed wavelength at a predetermined angle to generate a reflected light beam within a predetermined time period after performing the CMP process, the intensity of the reflected light beam undergoing periodic changes in response to the gradual thinning of the dielectric layer during the CMP process, 2. monitoring the intensity of the reflected light beam at a starting period within the predetermined time period and obtaining a periodic change rule according to the periodic changes of the intensity of the reflected light beam, and 3. monitoring the intensity of the reflected light beam throughout the rest of the predetermined time period and generating an output signal to stop the CMP process if the change of the intensity of the reflected light beam is not in accordance with the periodic change rule.