公开(公告)号：US5627716A

公开(公告)日：1997-05-06

申请号：US610679

申请日：1996-03-05

Applicant: James L. Lagree ,  Harry W. Wargo ,  Anthony Tomeo ,  Joseph C. Engel

Inventor： James L. Lagree ,  Harry W. Wargo ,  Anthony Tomeo ,  Joseph C. Engel

IPC: G06J1/00 ,  H02H1/04 ,  H02H3/00 ,  H02H3/04 ,  H02H3/093 ,  H02H6/00 ,  H02H3/08

CPC classification number: G06J1/00 ,  H02H3/04 ,  H02H3/0935 ,  H02H1/046 ,  H02H3/006 ,  H02H6/005

Abstract: A microprocessor based overcurrent trip unit includes an analog circuit for monitoring phase currents in the electrical interrupting device. The analog circuit is adapted to interface with the microprocessor over a range of selectable setpoints for instantaneous tripping and at the same time accurately monitor the phase currents even during a condition when the current sensing transformers are saturated. The overcurrent trip unit also allows the function of the long time delay characteristics of protection curve to be varied in order to provide better coordination with the characteristics of other overcurrent tripping devices in an electrical distribution system, such as a current limiting fuse, thereby enhancing the overall reliability of the system. For example, the function may be varied to provide either a fixed or FLAT, It, I.sup.2 t and I.sup.4 t functions. The overcurrent tripping device also allows for relatively wide adjustment ranges for the long time delay and short time delay protection portions of an overcurrent protection curve. In order to prevent any overlapping of the protection ranges, the long time delay portion is prevented from tripping the interrupting device prior to the short time delay portion.

Abstract translation: 基于微处理器的过电流跳闸单元包括用于监视电中断装置中的相电流的模拟电路。 模拟电路适用于在一定范围的可选设定点上与微处理器进行接口，用于瞬时跳闸，并且即使在电流感测变压器饱和的情况下，也可精确监控相电流。 过电流跳闸单元还允许改变保护曲线的长时间延迟特性的功能，以便与诸如限流熔断器之类的配电系统中的其它过电流跳闸装置的特性提供更​​好的协调，从而增强 系统的整体可靠性。 例如，该功能可以改变以提供固定或FLAT，It，I2t和I4t功能。 过电流跳闸装置还允许过电流保护曲线的长时间延迟和短时延保护部分的相对宽的调节范围。 为了防止保护范围的任何重叠，防止长时间延迟部分在短时间延迟部分之前跳闸中断装置。

公开(公告)号：US5428495A

公开(公告)日：1995-06-27

申请号：US954915

申请日：1992-09-30

Applicant: William J. Murphy ,  Joseph C. Engel ,  Alan B. Shimp ,  Gary F. Saletta

Inventor： William J. Murphy ,  Joseph C. Engel ,  Alan B. Shimp ,  Gary F. Saletta

IPC: H01H71/36 ,  G01R19/165 ,  H01H71/74 ,  H01H73/00 ,  H01H83/02 ,  H02H1/00 ,  H02H3/00 ,  H02H3/093 ,  H02H3/26 ,  H01H47/20

CPC classification number: G01R19/16528 ,  H02H3/006 ,  H01H71/7409 ,  H02H1/0007 ,  H02H3/093 ,  Y10T307/852

Abstract: A microprocessor based switch such as a circuit breaker generates digital rms representations of analog load currents from n samples of the analog currents per cycle synchronized to the line frequency, where n is an odd integer equal to a selected highest order harmonic to be detected plus 2. A routine determines whether the power system is 50 or 60 Hz, and automatically sets the sampling interval to provide exactly n samples per cycle for the connected source. Terminals for rapidly resetting an analog memory for calibration and field testing of a long delay trip are hidden behind a removable rating plug.

Abstract translation: 基于微处理器的开关（例如断路器）产生模拟负载电流的数字有效值表示，该模拟负载电流来自与线路频率同步的每个周期的模拟电流的n个采样，其中n是等于要检测的所选最高次谐波加上2 例程确定电力系统是50或60Hz，并自动设置采样间隔，为连接的源提供每个周期的正好n个采样。 用于快速复位模拟存储器的端子用于长时间延迟跳闸的校准和现场测试隐藏在可拆卸额定插头后面。

公开(公告)号：US5418677A

公开(公告)日：1995-05-23

申请号：US183642

申请日：1994-01-19

Applicant: Joseph C. Engel

Inventor： Joseph C. Engel

IPC: G06J1/00 ,  H02H6/00 ,  H02H5/04

CPC classification number: G06J1/00 ,  H02H6/005

Abstract: An electrical overcurrent circuit provides both digital based modeling and analog based modeling of the temperature of an electrical conductor to simulate the conductor temperature during all expected operating conditions including a condition when electrical power is unavailable to the electrical overcurrent circuitry. When electrical power is available to the circuitry, the conductor temperature is calculated from the sensed load currents to form the digital based model. During such a condition, the analog based model is forced to track the digital based model. Once the temperature of the electrical conductor exceeds its maximum safe operating temperature, the electrical overcurrent circuitry initiates a trip of the circuit breaker. Since the overcurrent circuitry is powered either by the sensed load currents or derived from the circuit breaker output, the circuit breaker trip will result in a loss of electrical power to the electrical overcurrent circuitry. This causes the digital based model to be reset to a cold conductor temperature value. However, the analog based model continues to operate to simulate the conductor temperature during this condition. When electrical power is restored to the circuit, for example, when the circuit breaker is closed, the digital model is initialized with the value from the analog model.

Abstract translation: 电过流电路提供基于数字的建模和基于模拟的电导体温度建模，以在所有预期操作条件期间模拟导体温度，包括电力过电流电路不可用的情况。 当电路可用于电路时，根据感测的负载电流计算导体温度，以形成基于数字的模型。 在这种情况下，基于模拟的模型被迫跟踪基于数字的模型。 一旦电导体的温度超过其最大安全工作温度，电气过电流电路会启动断路器跳闸。 由于过电流电路由感测到的负载电流或从断路器输出导出，所以断路器跳闸将导致电过电流电路的电力损失。 这将使基于数字的模型重置为冷导体温度值。 然而，在这种情况下，基于模拟的模型继续运行以模拟导体温度。 当电路恢复到电路时，例如，当断路器闭合时，数字模型用模拟模型的值初始化。

公开(公告)号：US5270898A

公开(公告)日：1993-12-14

申请号：US636634

申请日：1990-12-28

Applicant: Robert T. Elms ,  John C. Schlotterer ,  Joseph C. Engel ,  William J. Murphy

Inventor： Robert T. Elms ,  John C. Schlotterer ,  Joseph C. Engel ,  William J. Murphy

IPC: G06J1/00 ,  H02H6/00 ,  H02H3/08

CPC classification number: G06J1/00 ,  H02H6/005

Abstract: A hybrid monolithic IC that is standardized for controlling various types of electrical equipment, such as circuit breakers, motor controllers and the like. The IC is a hybrid monolithic IC, fabricated in CMOS technology, The shortcomings of utilizing CMOS technology for linear or analog circuitry is overcome by the implementation of the IC to provide a monolithic IC that is relatively less expensive than using multiple ICs or a single IC fabricated from biCMOS technology.

Abstract translation: 用于控制诸如断路器，电动机控制器等的各种类型的电气设备的标准化的混合单片IC。 IC是以CMOS技术制造的混合单片IC。通过实施IC来克服利用CMOS技术用于线性或模拟电路的缺点，以提供与使用多个IC或单个IC相比较便宜的单片IC 由biCMOS技术制造。

公开(公告)号：US4980794A

公开(公告)日：1990-12-25

申请号：US341272

申请日：1989-04-20

Applicant: Joseph C. Engel

Inventor： Joseph C. Engel

IPC: G01R15/18 ,  H01F3/14 ,  H01F27/255 ,  H01F29/10

CPC classification number: H01F29/10 ,  G01R15/183 ,  H01F27/255 ,  H01F3/14

Abstract: A motor controller or contactor is disclosed which utilizes a non-saturating current transformer for sensing the amount of current flowing in the electrical conductor connected to the contactor. The current sensor is made of homogeneous sintered powdered metal having evenly distributed microscopic air gaps therein which increase the reluctance of the magnetic circuit but resist the influence of stray magnetic flux. This increased reluctance prevents magnetic saturation over a wide range of input current and allows the secondary of the transducer to produce a voltage which is proportional to the derivative of the primary current, that is the current being sensed by the transducer. The aforementioned voltage is linearly proportional to the derivative of the current over a wide range of primary current values. This voltage is integrated to produce an output signal which is directly proportional to the aforementioned primary current over the wide range of current values. By measuring only the derivative of the primary current, the current transducer can be significantly smaller than an equivalent current transformer. The homogenous magnetic core of powdered metal and interposed air gaps has a Rayleigh Constant .lambda. of such value .lambda.H is significantly less than the initial permeability less than the initial permeability .mu.o of the core, thus allowing the transformer to sense current over a wide range.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种电动机控制器或接触器，其使用非饱和电流互感器来感测在连接到接触器的电导体中流动的电流量。 电流传感器由均匀的烧结粉末金属制成，其中具有均匀分布的微小气隙，增加磁路的磁阻，但抵抗杂散磁通的影响。 这种增加的磁阻防止了在宽范围的输入电流下的磁饱和，并且允许传感器的次级产生与初级电流的导数成比例的电压，即由换能器感测的电流。 上述电压与宽电流值范围内的电流导数成线性比例。 该电压被积分以产生在宽电流值范围内与上述初级电流成正比的输出信号。 通过仅测量初级电流的导数，电流传感器可以显着小于等效电流互感器。 粉末金属和插入气隙的均匀磁芯具有这样的值λH的瑞利常数λ，明显小于初始磁导率小于芯的初始磁导率μo，从而允许变压器在宽范围内感测电流 。

公开(公告)号：US4894796A

公开(公告)日：1990-01-16

申请号：US840241

申请日：1986-03-17

Applicant: Joseph C. Engel ,  James L. Lagree

Inventor： Joseph C. Engel ,  James L. Lagree

IPC: G09G3/04

CPC classification number: G09G3/04

Abstract: An automatic transfer switch with microprocessor and a display which includes clusters or combinations of display cells. There may, for example, be sixteen display cells for a 16-word display. The display cells are driven by two serially connected shift registers, the input of the first of which is interconnected with the microprocessor. Sixteen digital words are supplied in sequence to the shift registers. One portion of the digital word is then provided in parallel to each of the display cells simultaneously but another portion of the word is supplied to an encoding device which tells which of the sixteen display cells will display that word. One 16 word message requires sixteen reiterations performed at high speed so that it appears that all sixteen display devices are actuated simultaneously to display one multi-word message.

Abstract translation: 具有微处理器和显示器的自动转换开关，其包括显示单元的簇或组合。 例如，可以有十六个用于16字显示的显示单元。 显示单元由两个串联的移位寄存器驱动，第一个移位寄存器的输入与微处理器互连。 十六个数字字依次提供给移位寄存器。 数字字的一部分然后同时提供给每个显示单元并行提供，而另一部分字被提供给一个编码装置，该编码装置告诉十六个显示单元中的哪一个将显示该字。 一个16字的消息需要高速执行16次重复，因此看起来所有16个显示设备被同时启动以显示一个多字消息。

公开(公告)号：US4720761A

公开(公告)日：1988-01-19

申请号：US16423

申请日：1987-02-19

Applicant: Gary F. Saletta ,  Joseph C. Engel ,  John G. Leddy

Inventor： Gary F. Saletta ,  Joseph C. Engel ,  John G. Leddy

IPC: H01H50/00 ,  H01H47/00 ,  H01H47/32 ,  G01R21/00

CPC classification number: H01H47/325

Abstract: An electromagnetic contactor is taught which includes a conduction angle controlled triac or similar gated device which is connected in series circuit relationship with the winding of an electromagnetic solenoid or coil which is responsible for closing the contactor contacts and for keeping them closed. The current flowing through the triac is fed to a microprocessor which digitizes the current and compares it to a stored standard. The conduction angle is then decremented or incremented as necessary to change the conduction angle to cause less or more current to flow per half cycle until the amount of current flowing as sensed on a half-cycle-by-half-cycle basis is equal to the current represented by the stored standard.

公开(公告)号：US4672227A

公开(公告)日：1987-06-09

申请号：US840257

申请日：1986-03-17

Applicant: James L. Lagree ,  Joseph C. Engel

Inventor： James L. Lagree ,  Joseph C. Engel

IPC: H02J9/06 ,  H02J9/00

CPC classification number: H02J9/061 ,  Y10T307/615 ,  Y10T307/625 ,  Y10T307/735

Abstract: An automatic transfer switch with time delayed emergency generator system is taught. The microprocessor is interconnected with a programming device and with a shift register whereby a countdown time is programmed into the shift register by way of the microprocessor. Furthermore, an oscillator is provided which in turn provides a continuous supply of one second countdown pulses which are normally prevented from reaching the input countdown terminal of the shift register by a disable gate which is controlled by an output signal from the microprocessor. When the microprocessor loses power which is indicative of the power from the main source disappearing, as is the situation where an emergency generator would be desired, the disable device is immediately turned off allowing the countdown pulses to reach the shift register, thus starting the one second by one second countdown operation. Unless the power returns again to cause the microprocessor to be re-energized a countdown pulse will eventually emanate from the output of the shift register as determined by the countdown time programmed thereinto previously. At this point in time, the emergency generator will be started.

Abstract translation: 教授了具有时间延迟应急发电机系统的自动转换开关。 微处理器与编程设备和移位寄存器互连，借此通过微处理器将倒数时间编程到移位寄存器中。 此外，提供振荡器，其进而提供连续的一秒钟倒计时脉冲，这些脉冲通常被防止通过由微处理器的输出信号控制的禁止门到达移位寄存器的输入倒计数端。 当微处理器断开指示来自主源的功率消耗的功率时，如需要应急发生器的情况那样，禁用装置立即关闭，允许倒计时脉冲到达移位寄存器，从而启动一个 秒秒倒计时操作。 除非功率再次返回以使微处理器重新通电，否则倒数脉冲最终将从由先前编程的倒计时时间确定的移位寄存器的输出发出。 在这个时候，应急发电机将启动。

公开(公告)号：US4503364A

公开(公告)日：1985-03-05

申请号：US617824

申请日：1984-06-05

Applicant: Joseph C. Engel

Inventor： Joseph C. Engel

IPC: H05B41/18 ,  H05B41/392 ,  G05F1/00 ,  H05B37/02

CPC classification number: H05B41/18 ,  H05B41/392 ,  Y10S315/04

Abstract: Improved programming and control device for modified lead ballast for HID lamp. The basic ballast comprises a high reactive transformer and capacitor connected intermediate the transformer and lamp. An additional inductor and AC switch connect in parallel with the capacitor and the switch is opened and closed to vary the lamp current to control lamp output. The improved device comprises a parameter measuring means which measures a lamp operating parameter and converts same into output electrical signals. These signals are compared to a reference signal to generate error signals. The error signals are integrated by a capacitor and a potential which is indicative of the integrated signals is slowly developed at one capacitor terminal. A ramp capacitor is charged each half cycle of energizing potential. When the ramp capacitor potential crosses over the potential displayed at the one terminal of the integrating capacitor, a comparator means generates an output signal. The output signal actuates a gate drive to turn a gate-controlled AC switch "ON", which decreases the current to the lamp for the remainder of the half cycle. When the apparatus is initially energized, the potential at the one terminal of the integrating capacitor never crosses the ramp capacitor potential so that the device initially is inoperative. The potential at the integrating capacitor terminal is then slowly changed by the integrated error signals to reflect to magnitude of the integrated error signals. Thus, the improved device is not effective until the lamp is normally operating.

Abstract translation: 改进用于HID灯的改性铅镇流器的编程和控制装置。 基本镇流器包括连接在变压器和灯之间的高电抗变压器和电容器。 一个额外的电感和交流开关与电容并联，并且开关被打开和关闭以改变灯电流以控制灯的输出。 改进的装置包括测量灯操作参数并将其转换为输出电信号的参数测量装置。 将这些信号与参考信号进行比较以产生误差信号。 误差信号由电容器积分，并且表示积分信号的电位在一个电容器端子缓慢地发展。 在施加电压的每个半周期，对斜坡电容器进行充电。 当斜坡电容器电位跨过积分电容器的一个端子处显示的电位时，比较器装置产生输出信号。 输出信号启动一个栅极驱动器，使一个门控交流开关转为“ON”，这将在半个周期的剩余时间内减少灯的电流。 当设备初始通电时，积分电容器的一个端子处的电位不会超过斜坡电容器电位，使器件最初不起作用。 然后通过积分误差信号缓慢地改变积分电容器端子处的电位，以反映积分误差信号的幅度。 因此，改进的装置在灯正常工作之前是无效的。

公开(公告)号：US4476511A

公开(公告)日：1984-10-09

申请号：US555424

申请日：1983-11-23

Applicant: Gary F. Saletta ,  Robert T. Elms ,  Joseph C. Engel

Inventor： Gary F. Saletta ,  Robert T. Elms ,  Joseph C. Engel

IPC: H02H3/093 ,  H02H3/10 ,  H02H3/08

CPC classification number: H02H3/105 ,  H02H3/0935

Abstract: A circuit interrupter includes a trip unit consisting of a microcomputer and a liquid crystal numeric display mounted on the front panel of the trip unit. A power supply provides operating power for the trip unit even after a tripping operation. A microcomputer includes read-only memory for storing instructions to cause the microcomputer to sequentially display numeric values corresponding to the present electrical conditions through the circuit interrupter and the parameters defining the time-trip characteristic of the interrupter. Storage means are provided to store the level of phase or ground current resulting in a tripping operation and for displaying this value following a trip. Means are also provided for displaying a single digit numeric value indicating the cause of trip.

Abstract translation: 电路断路器包括由微型计算机组成的跳闸单元和安装在跳闸单元的前面板上的液晶数字显示器。 即使在跳闸操作之后，电源也为跳闸单元提供工作电源。 微型计算机包括用于存储指令的只读存储器，以使微型计算机依次显示通过电路断续器对应于当前电气条件的数值以及定义断续器的时间跳闸特性的参数。 提供存储装置以存储相位或接地电流的电平，导致跳闸操作并且用于在跳闸之后显示该值。 还提供了用于显示指示行程原因的单个数字数值的装置。