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公开(公告)号：US5356256A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-18
申请号：US955921
申请日：1992-10-02
CPC分类号： B21D51/383
摘要： A method of reforming a countersink (14) of a container end (10) from a shell (10') is disclosed. A shell (10') is provided having a center panel (12') including an initial panel height (A') and an initial panel diameter (D'). The shell further has an integral countersink (14') including an initial countersink depth (A'), an inner wall (30') and an outer wall (32') being joined by a curved countersink bottom (34'). The bottom has an initial bottom radius (R1). The panel (12') is joined to the inner wall (30') of the countersink by a curved shoulder (36') having an initial shoulder radius (R2'). The shell is reformed by decreasing the panel height, increasing the panel diameter and decreasing the countersink depth. The reformed shell (14") is further reform by increasing the panel height and further decreasing the countersink depth.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种从壳体（10'）重新形成容器端部（10）的埋头孔（14）的方法。 壳体（10'）设置有具有初始面板高度（A'）和初始面板直径（D'）的中心面板（12'）。 壳体还具有包括初始埋头孔深度（A'），内壁（30'）和外壁（32'）的整体埋头孔（14'），其通过弯曲的埋头孔底部（34'）连接。 底部具有初始底部半径（R1）。 面板（12'）通过具有初始肩部半径（R2'）的弯曲肩部（36'）连接到埋头孔的内壁（30'）。 通过降低面板高度，增加面板直径和减小锪孔深度来改变外壳。 通过增加面板高度并进一步减小埋头孔深度，重整壳体（14“）进一步改造。
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公开(公告)号：US20080257900A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-23
申请号：US11738206
申请日：2007-04-20
IPC分类号： B65D6/34
CPC分类号： B65D17/4012 , B65D2517/0014 , B65D2517/0062 , B65D2517/0082
摘要： An end for a beverage can is described. The end has a product side, an opposing public side, a center panel, an annular countersink, a circumferential wall, and a curl. The center panel has a means for opening the end. The annular countersink extends circumferentially about the center panel. The circumferential wall extends upwardly from the countersink and has an angled portion extending radially inwardly toward the center panel. The curl is located radially outward relative to the center panel and defines an outer perimeter of the end.
摘要翻译： 描述饮料罐的端部。 最终有产品侧，相对的公共侧，中心面板，环形埋头孔，周向壁和卷曲。 中心面板有一个打开结局的手段。 环形埋头孔围绕中心面板周向延伸。 圆周壁从埋头孔向上延伸，并且具有朝向中心面板径向向内延伸的倾斜部分。 卷曲相对于中心面板径向向外定位并且限定了端部的外周边。
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公开(公告)号：US20080110888A1
公开(公告)日：2008-05-15
申请号：US11598546
申请日：2006-11-13
IPC分类号： B65D17/32
CPC分类号： G09F23/00 , B21D51/44 , B65D17/4012 , B65D2517/0014 , B65D2517/0056 , B65D2517/0062 , G09F23/0091
摘要： A can end for a beverage container is described. The can end has a public and an opposing product side. A center panel extends radially outwardly from a central longitudinal axis. The center panel has a means for opening the center panel and a symbol conveying information to a user on the public side. The symbol is at least partially surrounded by a spacing member in the center panel. The spacing member is dimensioned and located to provide a relative height differential between the spacing member and the symbol. A reinforcing wall is located about a peripheral edge of the center panel. A circumferential wall extends upwardly from the reinforcing wall. A curl is joined to the circumferential wall defining an outer perimeter of the can end.
摘要翻译： 描述了饮料容器的罐端。 罐头有一个公共和一个相反的产品方面。 中心面板从中心纵向轴线径向向外延伸。 中心面板具有用于打开中心面板的装置和向公众侧向用户传送信息的符号。 该符号至少部分地被中心面板中的间隔构件包围。 间隔构件的尺寸和位置设置成在间隔构件和符号之间提供相对高度差。 加强壁围绕中心面板的周缘设置。 周壁从加强壁向上延伸。 卷边连接到限定罐端部外周的圆周壁上。
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公开(公告)号：US06802683B2
公开(公告)日：2004-10-12
申请号：US10280459
申请日：2002-10-24
IPC分类号： B21D5144
CPC分类号： B21D51/383
摘要： Ends for cans are made in a single press, eliminating the need for separate shell and conversion presses, balancers, track work, and other equipment, as compared to existing can end manufacturing systems, while reducing floor space and capital investment requirements for installation of a new can end line. A sheet of end material or stock is introduced into the press and fed to a series of work stations. The sheet is maintained in a substantially continuous and void free state as the work stations perform forming operations on the sheet of material to form one or more ends therein. After the forming operation is complete, the end is ejected from the press. The maintenance of the sheet of material in a substantially continuous and void free state permits precise movement of the sheet through the press, and registration of the sheet relative to the tooling in the press. This precise movement and maintenance of registration results in a single press capable of operation at high speeds to produce large volumes of ends, while doing so in a reliable and cost-effective manner. In a preferred embodiment, the typical shell conversion operations are performed first on the sheet of end material, while maintaining the sheet in a substantially planar and void free state, followed by a shell forming operation in which the panel and countersink features are formed and the completed end blanked in a single stroke at the very end of the forming operations.
摘要翻译： 罐头的结束是在一个新闻中制作的，与现有的罐头制造系统相比，不需要单独的壳和转换压力机，平衡器，履带工作和其他设备，同时减少了安装一个 新的可以结束线。 将一张末端材料或原料引入压机中并供给一系列工作站。 当工作台在材料片上进行成形操作以在其中形成一个或多个端部时，片材保持在基本上连续且无空隙的状态。 成型操作完成后，将末端从压机中排出。 基本上连续且无空隙状态的材料片的维护允许片材通过压力机的精确移动，并且片材相对于压机中的工具进行配准。 这种注册的精确移动和维护导致能够以高速度运行的单个压力机产生大量的端部，同时以可靠和成本有效的方式进行。 在优选实施例中，典型的壳转换操作首先在端部材料片上进行，同时将片材保持在基本平坦且无空隙的状态，随后进行壳形成操作，其中形成面板和埋头孔特征，并且 在成型操作结束时，完成的终点在一个冲程中消隐。
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公开(公告)号：US5967726A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-19
申请号：US978673
申请日：1997-11-26
CPC分类号： B21D51/383 , B65D17/165
摘要： The product and method of manufacturing a tab having a rivet island window and adapted to be secured to a container end, including the steps of forming a first dimple at a first end position of the window and a second dimple at a second end position of the window, formed as depressed regions of metal residing outside the central plane of the metal. The method includes punching a first blank in the first dimple and a second blank in the second dimple, and subsequently bending the edge regions around the first and second blank to form a bend of the metal away from the central plane. The central region of the window is formed between and joining the blanks, and a rivet opening is formed, adapted to receive a rivet for staking the tab to a container end.
摘要翻译： 制造具有铆钉岛窗并且适于固定到容器端部的突片的产品和方法，包括以下步骤：在窗口的第一端部位置处形成第一凹坑，在第二端部处形成第二凹坑 窗口，形成为位于金属中心平面外的金属的凹陷区域。 该方法包括冲压第一凹坑中的第一坯料和在第二凹坑中冲压第二坯件，随后将边缘区域围绕第一和第二坯料弯曲以形成远离中心平面的金属弯曲部分。 窗口的中心区域形成在坯件之间并且连接坯件，并且形成铆钉开口，其适于接收用于将突片铆接到容器端部的铆钉。
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公开(公告)号：US07816570B2
公开(公告)日：2010-10-19
申请号：US11948006
申请日：2007-11-30
CPC分类号： C07C1/22 , C10G1/006 , C10G3/47 , C10G3/50 , C10G3/56 , C10G45/58 , C10G45/68 , C10G47/00 , C10G2300/1014 , C10G2300/1018 , C10G2300/4081 , C10G2300/44 , C10G2300/805 , C10G2400/02 , C10G2400/04 , C10G2400/08 , C11C3/10 , Y02E50/13 , Y02P30/20 , Y02T50/678
摘要： A process for the direct conversion of lipid biomass fuel stock to combustible fuels include the steps of hydrolyzing a lipid biomass to form free fatty acids, catalytically deoxygenating the free fatty acids to from n-alkanes, and reforming at least a portion of the n-alkanes into a mixture of compounds having the correct chain length, conformations and ratio to be useful as transportation fuels. The process exhibits an overall energy efficiency of at least about 75%, wherein energy efficiency is calculated as the lower heating value of the produced transportation fuel over the sum of the lower heating value of the process reactants and the total energy input into the process.
摘要翻译： 将脂质生物质燃料原料直接转化为可燃性燃料的方法包括以下步骤：水解脂质生物质以形成游离脂肪酸，将游离脂肪酸催化脱氧为从正烷烃，并重整至少一部分正链烷烃; 烷烃变成具有正确链长度，构象和比例的化合物的混合物，可用作运输燃料。 该方法表现出至少约75％的总能量效率，其中，将能量效率计算为所生产的运输燃料的较低热值超过工艺反应物的较低热值与输入到该方法中的总能量之和的总和。
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公开(公告)号：US08350103B2
公开(公告)日：2013-01-08
申请号：US13293764
申请日：2011-11-10
CPC分类号： C07C1/22 , C10G1/006 , C10G3/47 , C10G3/50 , C10G3/56 , C10G45/58 , C10G45/68 , C10G47/00 , C10G2300/1014 , C10G2300/1018 , C10G2300/4081 , C10G2300/44 , C10G2300/805 , C10G2400/02 , C10G2400/04 , C10G2400/08 , C11C3/10 , Y02E50/13 , Y02P30/20 , Y02T50/678
摘要： The present disclosure is directed to processes for the direct conversion of lipidic biomass fuelstock to combustible fuels. In particular, the disclosure provides a process for the direct conversion of animal fats to transportations fuels suitable as replacement for petroleum-derived transportation fuels. In an example, the method comprises the steps of hydrolyzing a lipidic biomass to form free fatty acids, catalytically deoxygenating the free fatty acids to form n-alkanes, and reforming at least a portion of the n-alkanes into a mixture of compounds in the correct chain length, conformations, and ratio to be useful transportation fuels. Particularly, the product prepared comprises mixtures of hydrocarbon compounds selected from the group consisting of n-alkanes, isoalkanes, aromatics, cycloalkanes, and combinations thereof.
摘要翻译： 本公开涉及将脂质生物质燃料原料直接转化为可燃燃料的方法。 特别地，本公开提供了将动物脂肪直接转化为适合作为替代石油衍生的运输燃料的运输燃料的方法。 在一个实例中，该方法包括以下步骤：水解脂质生物质以形成游离脂肪酸，催化脱氧游离脂肪酸形成正烷烃，并将至少一部分正烷烃重整成化合物的混合物 正确的链长，构象和比例是有用的运输燃料。 特别地，制备的产物包括选自正烷烃，异烷烃，芳族化合物，环烷烃及其组合的烃化合物的混合物。
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公开(公告)号：US08496472B2
公开(公告)日：2013-07-30
申请号：US12133571
申请日：2008-06-05
CPC分类号： F23D11/24 , F23C2900/99009 , F23D11/404 , F23D11/446 , F23D11/448 , F23D2900/11403 , F23D2900/14124 , Y02E20/12 , Y02P30/20
摘要： The present invention is directed to a process for the clean and convenient combustion of high viscosity liquid fuels, such as glycerol, as well as an apparatus useful for carrying such processes. In certain embodiments, the invention provides a process for glycerol combustion comprising providing a combustion apparatus with a glycerol combustion chamber that facilitates reflective heating, pre-heating the glycerol combustion chamber, atomizing the reduced viscosity glycerol, and combining the atomized glycerol with air in the glycerol combustion chamber to thereby completely combust the glycerol. In one embodiment, such as when using a pressure-atomizing nozzle, the inventive method may further comprise treating the glycerol to reduce the glycerol viscosity.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于清洁和方便地燃烧高粘度液体燃料如甘油的方法，以及用于承载这些方法的装置。 在某些实施方案中，本发明提供了一种用于甘油燃烧的方法，包括提供具有甘油燃烧室的燃烧装置，所述甘油燃烧室有助于反应加热，预热甘油燃烧室，雾化还原粘度甘油，以及将雾化的甘油与 甘油燃烧室，从而完全燃烧甘油。 在一个实施方案中，例如当使用压力雾化喷嘴时，本发明的方法还可以包括处理甘油以降低甘油粘度。
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公开(公告)号：US20120108861A1
公开(公告)日：2012-05-03
申请号：US13293764
申请日：2011-11-10
IPC分类号： C10L1/04
CPC分类号： C07C1/22 , C10G1/006 , C10G3/47 , C10G3/50 , C10G3/56 , C10G45/58 , C10G45/68 , C10G47/00 , C10G2300/1014 , C10G2300/1018 , C10G2300/4081 , C10G2300/44 , C10G2300/805 , C10G2400/02 , C10G2400/04 , C10G2400/08 , C11C3/10 , Y02E50/13 , Y02P30/20 , Y02T50/678
摘要： The present invention is directed to processes for the direct conversion of lipidic biomass fuelstock to combustible fuels. In particular, the invention provides a process for the direct conversion of animal fats to transportations fuels suitable as replacement for petroleum-derived transportation fuels. In one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of hydrolyzing a lipidic biomass to form free fatty acids, catalytically deoxygenating the free fatty acids to form n-alkanes, and reforming at least a portion of the n-alkanes into a mixture of compounds in the correct chain length, conformations, and ratio to be useful transportation fuels. Particularly, the product prepared according to the invention comprises mixtures of hydrocarbon compounds selected from the group consisting of n-alkanes, isoalkanes, aromatics, cycloalkanes, and combinations thereof.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及将脂质生物质燃料原料直接转化为可燃燃料的方法。 特别地，本发明提供了一种将动物脂肪直接转化为运输燃料的方法，该燃料适合作为替代石油衍生的运输燃料。 在一个实施方案中，该方法包括水解脂质生物质以形成游离脂肪酸，催化脱氧游离脂肪酸以形成正烷烃并将至少一部分正烷烃重整成化合物的混合物的步骤 正确的链长，构象和比例是有用的运输燃料。 特别地，根据本发明制备的产品包括选自正烷烃，异烷烃，芳族化合物，环烷烃及其组合的烃化合物的混合物。
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公开(公告)号：USD424438S
公开(公告)日：2000-05-09
申请号：US80057
申请日：1997-11-26
申请人： Timothy L. Turner , Carlton Young
设计人： Timothy L. Turner , Carlton Young
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