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公开(公告)号：US06835491B2
公开(公告)日：2004-12-28
申请号：US09275495
申请日：1999-03-24
IPC分类号： H01M1048
CPC分类号： H01M10/48 , H01M6/5044 , H01M10/425 , H01M10/4257 , H01M2200/00
摘要： A multiple-cell battery having a built-in controller is disclosed that extends the run time of the battery. The controller may extend the run time of the battery, for example, by converting the cell voltage to an output voltage that is greater than a cut-off voltage of an electronic device, by converting the cell voltage to an output voltage that is less than the nominal voltage of the electrochemical cell of the battery, or by protecting the electrochemical cell from current peaks. The controller may also include a ground bias circuit that provides a virtual ground so that a converter may operate at lower cell voltages. The battery may be a single-cell battery, a universal single-cell battery, a multiple-cell battery or a multiple-cell hybrid battery. The individual cells of the multiple-cell battery may be connected in series or parallel. In addition, the individual cells may have a controller in each cell that is capable of performing one or more functions to extend the run time of the cell.
摘要翻译： 公开了具有内置控制器的多节电池，其延长了电池的运行时间。 控制器可以延长电池的运行时间，例如通过将电池电压转换成小于电子装置的截止电压的输出电压，将电池电压转换成小于 电池的电化学电池的标称电压，或通过保护电化学电池免受电流峰值的影响。 控制器还可以包括提供虚拟接地的接地偏置电路，使得转换器可以在较低的电池电压下工作。 电池可以是单节电池，通用单节电池，多节电池或多节电池混合电池。 多节电池的单个电池可以串联或并联连接。 此外，各个单元可以在每个单元中具有能够执行一个或多个功能以延长单元的运行时间的控制器。
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公开(公告)号：US06607579B2
公开(公告)日：2003-08-19
申请号：US10039854
申请日：2001-10-29
申请人： Alan David Willey , Vladimir Gartstein , Chinto Benjamin Gaw , Marta Lea Verhoff , James Henry Saunders , Jean Angela Jefferson , Robert Scott Youngquist
发明人： Alan David Willey , Vladimir Gartstein , Chinto Benjamin Gaw , Marta Lea Verhoff , James Henry Saunders , Jean Angela Jefferson , Robert Scott Youngquist
IPC分类号： B03C3013
CPC分类号： B03C3/16
摘要： An apparatus for removing particles from air, including an inlet for receiving a flow of air, a first chamber in flow communication with the inlet, wherein a charged spray of semi-conducting fluid droplets having a first polarity is introduced to the air flow so that the particles are electrostatically attracted to and retained by the spray droplets, and an outlet in flow communication with the first chamber, wherein the air flow exits the apparatus substantially free of the particles. The first chamber of the apparatus further includes a collecting surface for attracting the spray droplets, a power supply, and a spray nozzle connected to the power supply for receiving fluid and producing the spray droplets therefrom. The apparatus may also include a second chamber in flow communication with the inlet at a first end and the first chamber at a second end, wherein particles entrained in the air flow are charged with a second polarity opposite the first polarity prior to the air flow entering the first chamber. The second chamber of the apparatus further includes a power supply, at least one charge transfer element connected to the power supply for creating an electric field in the second chamber, and a ground element associated with the second chamber for defining and directing the electric field, wherein the air flow passes between the charge transfer element and the ground element.
摘要翻译： 一种用于从空气中除去颗粒的装置，包括用于接收空气流的入口，与入口流动连通的第一室，其中带有第一极性的半导电液滴的带电喷雾被引入空气流，使得 颗粒被静电吸引并被喷雾液滴保持，以及与第一室流动连通的出口，其中空气流离开设备基本上没有颗粒。 设备的第一室还包括用于吸引喷雾液滴的收集表面，电源和连接到电源的喷嘴，用于接收流体并从其产生喷雾液滴。 该装置还可以包括在第一端处与入口流动连通的第二室和在第二端处的第一室，其中夹带在空气流中的颗粒在气流进入之前以与第一极性相反的第二极性被充电 第一个房间 该设备的第二室还包括电源，连接到电源的至少一个电荷转移元件，用于在第二室中产生电场，以及与第二室相关联的用于限定和引导电场的接地元件， 其中气流在电荷转移元件和接地元件之间通过。
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公开(公告)号：US06471903B2
公开(公告)日：2002-10-29
申请号：US09956520
申请日：2001-09-19
IPC分类号： B29C3342
CPC分类号： B29C51/082 , A61M37/00 , A61M37/0015 , A61M2037/0023 , A61M2037/003 , A61M2037/0053 , B26F1/24 , B29C33/0033 , B29C33/42 , B29C37/0053 , B29C45/2628 , B29C51/00 , B29C2059/023 , B29L2031/7544 , B29L2031/756 , B81B2201/055 , B81C1/00111 , B81C2201/036
摘要： An array of hollow microneedles is constructed of molded plastic, in which a micro-machining technique is used to fabricate the molds used in a plastic microforming process. The molds are detachable and can be re-used. The preferred process for making the plastic arrays of microneedles is a microinjection technique. In the microinjection method, a molten plastic substance is injected between two micro-machined molds that contain microhole and micropillar arrays. Once the desired shape of the microneedle array has been formed, the mold and the plastic material are cooled down. Next, the molds are separated and the plastic microneedle array is detached from the mold structures.
摘要翻译： 中空微针阵列由模制塑料构成，其中使用微加工技术来制造在塑料微成形过程中使用的模具。 模具是可拆卸的，可以重新使用。 用于制造微针的塑料阵列的优选方法是显微注射技术。 在显微注射方法中，将熔融塑料物质注入包含微孔和微柱阵列的两个微加工模具之间。 一旦已经形成所需的微针阵列形状，就将模具和塑料材料冷却下来。 接下来，模具被分离，并且塑料微针阵列与模具结构分离。
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公开(公告)号：US06379324B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-30
申请号：US09328947
申请日：1999-06-09
申请人： Vladimir Gartstein , Dragan Danilo Nebrigic , Grover David Owens , Faiz Feisal Sherman , Vadim Vladimirovich Yuzhakov
发明人： Vladimir Gartstein , Dragan Danilo Nebrigic , Grover David Owens , Faiz Feisal Sherman , Vadim Vladimirovich Yuzhakov
IPC分类号： A61B1720
CPC分类号： B81C99/0085 , A61B5/14514 , A61B5/150022 , A61B5/150099 , A61B5/150282 , A61B5/150389 , A61B5/150412 , A61B5/150458 , A61B5/150969 , A61B5/150984 , A61M37/0015 , A61M2037/0023 , A61M2037/003 , A61M2037/0053 , B29L2031/7544 , B29L2031/756 , B81B2201/055
摘要： A first embodiment microneedle array is constructed of silicon and silicon dioxide compounds using MEMS technology and standard microfabrication techniques to create hollow cylindrical individual microneedles. The resulting array of microneedles can penetrate with a small pressure through the stratum corneum of skin to either deliver drugs or to facilitate interstitial fluid sampling through the hollow microneedles into the epidermis. The delivery of drugs and sampling of fluids can be performed by way of passive diffusion (time release), instantaneous injection, or iontophoresis. In a second embodiment, an array of hollow (or solid) microneedles is constructed of plastic or some other type of molded or cast material. An electric field may be used to increase transdermal flow rate, and the microneedles can be effectively combined with the application of an electric field between an anode and cathode attached to the skin which causes a low-level electric current. As a drug delivery system, the microneedle array includes electrodes that apply an electric potential to the skin between the electrode locations. One of the electrode assemblies is filled with an ionized drug, and the charged drug molecules move into the body due to the applied electric potential. As a body-fluid sampling system, the microneedle array also includes electrodes to assist in moving fluid from the body into a receiving chamber, and which further includes a bioelectrochemical sensor to measure the concentration of a particular substance.
摘要翻译： 第一实施例微针阵列由硅和二氧化硅化合物构成，使用MEMS技术和标准微加工技术来制造中空圆柱形单个微针。 所得的微针阵列可以通过皮肤的角质层穿透小的压力，以递送药物或促进通过空心微针进入表皮的间质液取样。 可以通过被动扩散（时间释放），瞬时注射或离子电渗法进行药物的输送和液体取样。 在第二实施例中，中空（或固体）微针的阵列由塑料或其它类型的模制或铸造材料构成。 可以使用电场来增加透皮流速，并且可以将微针与附着在皮肤上的阳极和阴极之间的电场的施加有效地组合，这导致低电平电流。 作为药物递送系统，微针阵列包括在电极位置之间向皮肤施加电位的电极。 电极组件中的一个填充有电离药物，并且带电药物分子由于施加的电位而进入体内。 作为体液采样系统，微针阵列还包括有助于将流体从身体移动到接收室中的电极，并且还包括用于测量特定物质浓度的生物电化学传感器。
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公开(公告)号：US6163131A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-19
申请号：US54087
申请日：1998-04-02
IPC分类号： G01N27/416 , H02J7/00
摘要： A battery having a built-in controller that controls one or more functions of the battery is disclosed. The battery may, for example, control a charge or a discharge cycle of a battery, disconnect an electrochemical cell from the terminals of the battery in an emergency condition, provide electronic identification of cell characteristics or conditions, or provide a low remaining charge warning. The battery may be a single-cell battery, a universal single-cell battery, a multiple-cell battery or a multiple-cell hybrid battery. Each individual cell preferably has a built-in controller.
摘要翻译： 公开了具有控制电池的一个或多个功能的内置控制器的电池。 例如，电池可以控制电池的充电或放电循环，在紧急情况下将电池的电池从电池的端子断开，提供电池特性或条件的电子识别，或提供低的剩余电量警告。 电池可以是单节电池，通用单节电池，多节电池或多节电池混合电池。 每个单元优选地具有内置的控制器。
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公开(公告)号：US5897857A
公开(公告)日：1999-04-27
申请号：US831554
申请日：1997-04-09
IPC分类号： A61K8/44 , A61K8/46 , A61K31/095 , A61K31/19 , A61K31/192 , A61K31/194 , A61K31/198 , A61Q9/04 , A61K7/15 , A61K7/06
CPC分类号： A61Q9/04 , A61K31/095 , A61K31/19 , A61K31/192 , A61K31/194 , A61K31/198 , A61K8/447 , A61K8/46
摘要： The subject invention involves topical depilatory composition at a pH 7 or below, comprising sulfhydryl compounds. The subject invention further relates methods for removing vellus hair from mammalian comprising topical application of a composition, at a pH of 7 or below, comprising a sulfhydryl compound or a cosmetically- and/or pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及pH7或更低的包含巯基化合物的局部脱毛组合物。 本发明进一步涉及从哺乳动物中去除ve毛的方法，包括局部施用组合物，其pH为7或更低，包含巯基化合物或其美容和/或药学上可接受的盐。
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公开(公告)号：US09376648B2
公开(公告)日：2016-06-28
申请号：US12098749
申请日：2008-04-07
申请人： Vladimir Gartstein , Faiz F. Sherman , Hiroshi Oh , Robert Lupitskyy , Mikhail Motornov , Sergiy Minko
发明人： Vladimir Gartstein , Faiz F. Sherman , Hiroshi Oh , Robert Lupitskyy , Mikhail Motornov , Sergiy Minko
CPC分类号： C11D3/0026 , A61K8/11 , A61K8/25 , A61K8/26 , A61K8/466 , A61K8/891 , A61K2800/412 , A61Q19/00 , C11D3/1213 , C11D3/1246 , Y10S977/773
摘要： A foam manipulation stabilizing composition for use in consumer products includes a plurality of surface-modified particles in combination with at least one surfactant. The particles have an average particle size greater than 100 nm up to about 50 μm and a hydrophobicity measured by a contact angle between about 20° to 140°. The ratio of particles-to-surfactant may be between about 1:20 to about 20:1. The surface modification may include grafting pH or temperature switching functional groups to the particles or to a composition, such as a polymer, coated on the particle. A method for reducing the level of foam in a rinse solution is also described.
摘要翻译： 用于消费品的泡沫操作稳定化组合物包括与至少一种表面活性剂组合的多个表面改性颗粒。 颗粒的平均粒度大于100nm至约50μm，疏水性通过接触角测量在约20°至140°之间。 颗粒与表面活性剂的比可以在约1:20至约20:1之间。 表面改性可以包括将pH或温度转换官能团接枝到颗粒上或涂覆在颗粒上的组合物，例如聚合物。 还描述了用于降低冲洗溶液中的泡沫水平的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US09314544B2
公开(公告)日：2016-04-19
申请号：US12191339
申请日：2008-08-14
申请人： Kemal Vatansever Catalan , Carolyn Ann Spitzmueller , Vladimir Gartstein , Matthew Scott Wagner , Dennis Ray Bacon , David S. Salloum , Faiz Feisal Sherman
发明人： Kemal Vatansever Catalan , Carolyn Ann Spitzmueller , Vladimir Gartstein , Matthew Scott Wagner , Dennis Ray Bacon , David S. Salloum , Faiz Feisal Sherman
CPC分类号： A61L15/42 , A61L15/22 , A61L2400/12
摘要： A durable hydrophilic coating composition is provided comprising a film forming polymer, a wetting agent and from about 0.001% to about 40%, by weight of the composition, of nanoparticles. The nanoparticles are selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica and combinations thereof and have a particle size of from about 1 to about 750 nanometers. The weight ratio of the film forming polymer to the nanoparticles is from about 1:1 to about 1:30. A disposable absorbent article is also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种持久的亲水涂料组合物，其包含成膜聚合物，润湿剂和按组合物重量计约0.001％至约40％的纳米颗粒。 纳米颗粒选自氧化铝，二氧化硅及其组合，其粒度为约1至约750纳米。 成膜聚合物与纳米颗粒的重量比为约1:1至约1:30。 还公开了一次性吸收制品。
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公开(公告)号：US08973851B2
公开(公告)日：2015-03-10
申请号：US12818494
申请日：2010-06-18
CPC分类号： B03C3/16
摘要： Disclosed herein is the apparatus that produces very small or nano-sized, charged droplets and the methods for producing such charged fluid droplets. This apparatus avoids the problems known to exist with using spray nozzles having very small orifices to produce such small fluid droplets, those problems including clogging of the nozzles.
摘要翻译： 本文公开了产生非常小或纳米尺寸的带电液滴的装置以及用于产生这种带电流体液滴的方法。 该装置避免了使用具有非常小的孔口的喷嘴来产生这种小的液滴的已知存在的问题，这些问题包括喷嘴的堵塞。
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公开(公告)号：US08702726B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-22
申请号：US12906918
申请日：2010-10-18
IPC分类号： A61B17/50
CPC分类号： A61M37/0015 , A45D26/0004 , A61B17/205 , A61B17/54 , A61B2017/00761 , A61M2037/003
摘要： An improved method and apparatus is provided as a system to enhance skin appearance and health, in which skin is cleaned (or exfoliated) and conditioned by use of microelements affixed to a base element or hand-held patch. The dimensions of the microelements are controlled so as to remove a certain number of layers of skin cells and to accumulate those skin cells, along with other foreign substances, into areas between the microelements. In addition, a conditioning compound or therapeutic active can be applied to the exfoliated skin to enhance the skin. Moreover, the amount of accumulated skin cells represents a self-limiting maximum quantity that cannot be substantially exceeded regardless of the number of attempts by a user to re-use the microstructure apparatus. Some of the microstructures are designed with very close-packed microelements, which in some cases have flexible substrates.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种改进的方法和装置，作为增强皮肤外观和健康的系统，其中皮肤被清洁（或剥离）并通过使用固定在基底元件或手持贴片上的微量元件进行调理。 控制微量元素的尺寸以去除一定数量的皮肤细胞层，并将这些皮肤细胞与其它外来物质一起积聚在微量元素之间的区域中。 此外，调理化合物或治疗活性物质可以施用于剥离的皮肤以增强皮肤。 此外，无论使用者重复使用微结构装置的尝试次数多少，累积的皮肤细胞的量代表不能大幅超过的自限制最大量。 一些微结构被设计成非常紧密堆积的微量元素，其在一些情况下具有柔性基底。
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